Wu Ze

Wu Ze

Wu Ze (1913 - August 6, 2005), formerly known as Wu Yaoqing, was born on January 13, 1913 in Wujin, Jiangsu Province. He lost his father when he was young and his family was poor. Since childhood, he had a deep sense of the injustice in the world, especially the sufferings of the peasants at that time. At the age of 7, he received elementary education in a private school, and then studied in new schools in Changzhou and Wuxi. In the summer of 1930, he was admitted to the high school department affiliated to Shanghai Daxia University (now East China Normal University), and graduated in July 1933.

Character experience

1933-1949

In September 1933, he was admitted to the Department of economics of China University in Beijing, where he studied with famous Marxist theorists Li Da and LV Zhenyu. Under their guidance and influence, they began to study Marx's theory systematically, and used it to study economics and Chinese social and economic history, and gradually embarked on the road of academic research. In December 1935, he participated in the "12.9" patriotic student movement, and soon joined the "vanguard of national liberation", a peripheral organization of the Communist Party of China, and actively participated in the national salvation struggle. After the Lugouqiao Incident on July 7, he graduated from Chinese University. After many setbacks, he returned to his hometown Changzhou and founded the anti enemy guide with several former classmates. He was arrested and jailed for criticizing the KMT authorities for publishing "looking at the future of the Sino Japanese war from the Songhu Anti Japanese War" in the first issue. After the rescue by relatives and friends, they were released. Xuan published an article "court hearing" in Nanjing's "Jinling daily" to disclose his trial in prison and the dark inside story of the Kuomintang prison. In October 1937, my husband left the city with his family and traveled to Zhenjiang, Wuhan and other places. He transferred to Chongqing in the spring of 1938 and taught in Fudan University and Chaoyang law school. in this period, Mr. Wang's academic thoughts are becoming more and more mature. In order to cope with the new situation of the Anti Japanese national united front at that time, he wrote many highly combative papers, such as "the origin of Chinese race", "is Chinese history stagnant and retrogressive?" and so on. He criticized all kinds of imperialist and fascist historical concepts of aggression fiercely, and carried forward the long history of the Chinese nation with full enthusiasm and eloquent writing Cultural tradition and patriotism. During this period, he successively published the research law of Chinese history, the history of Chinese primitive society and the compendium of Chinese history. His important work on the study of ancient history, ancient history of China (also known as the social history of slavery in the Yin Dynasty), was also completed in this period. These works are the important achievements of Marxist Historiography in the special historical period of the Anti Japanese war. In September 1945, he took his family to Chishui, Guizhou, and taught at Daxia University (now East China Normal University). The following summer, when Daxia University moved back to Shanghai, the war of liberation broke out, Shanghai was shrouded in white terror, and Kuomintang spy activities were very rampant in the University. Since he was famous for his research on Chinese history with historical materialism, he has been watched by spies, raided, even wanted and blacklisted. Mr. Wang is not afraid of this. In October 1946, he joined the Communist Party of China. Since then, as an underground Party member, he has been working hard on the ideological and cultural front to meet the liberation of Shanghai and the birth of new China. His academic research has always been full of concern for the reality, the country and the people, and the transformation of society. At that time, some people advocated respecting Confucius and reading classics in an attempt to lead the construction of new culture astray. He published the political thoughts of Confucius and Mencius, Xunzi's theory of feudal system reform, and Li zhuowu, a traitor of Confucianism, etc. through in-depth study of the origin of Chinese academic thoughts, he made a positive contribution to the ideological circles against feudal autocracy and arbitrariness. During the war of liberation, the Kuomintang regime was in a precarious state. At that time, some people in the academic and ideological circles dreamed of taking the "Third Road" between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. In this regard, Mr. Kang quoted Gu Chou from the present and successively published such papers as the reactionary line and program of the royalist party, the fall and fall of the royalist thought, and Liang Qichao's support and fall of yuan in magazines such as China construction. Based on Kang Liang's political practice, he demonstrated that in semi colonial and semi feudal China, any top-down reform and reform would not work, and only through the society Only by knowing revolution can we completely accomplish the task of democratic revolution against imperialism and feudalism. These papers were integrated into two books, Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao and on liberalism, which were published in 1948. After the liberation of Shanghai in May 1949, he took over the work of Daxia University, and served as a member of the Council of Daxia University, the dean of the Faculty of Arts and the dean of the Faculty of liberal arts.

1951-2002

In 1951, Daxia University and Guanghua University merged into East China Normal University, and since then, he has been the director of the Department of history for a long time. In order to prosper the academic cause of new China, Mr. Wang participated in the establishment of the Chinese history society and the Shanghai history society, and successively served as the director and executive director of the Chinese history society, Secretary of the Party group and vice president of the Shanghai history society. After the 1980s, he founded the Shanghai Overseas Chinese history society and served as the first president. Since the mid-1950s, he has gradually shifted the focus of his academic research to the field of Marxist Orientalism and ancient oriental history. He has published a series of important papers, such as "Research on the mode of production in Asia", "the characteristics of ancient oriental society", "ancient communes and various forms of commune ownership", etc., which have become the theoretical basis of "Western Zhou feudalism" in the field of ancient history One of the representatives. At the same time, he also made a pioneering contribution to the study of the history of modern Chinese historiography and the history of academic thought, and began to write the history of modern Chinese historiography. During the cultural revolution, he was falsely accused of "reactionary academic authority" and "three anti elements" and suffered from severe mental and physical damage. However, his courage to pursue truth is still the same as before. He firmly believes that the perverse acts of the gang of four and its followers will eventually be punished by the people's public trial and history. after smashing the gang of four, the ten-year injustice he suffered was finally completely vindicated and he became the head of the Department of history again. He was also employed as a member and convener of the history subject appraisal group of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council and the editor in chief of the Great Dictionary of Chinese history. Since the reform and opening up, Mr. Zhang has been working hard and writing in his early years. In addition to continuing the study of Marxist Orientalism, he also made a lot of pioneering work in overseas Chinese history, Hakka studies, popular history and other fields. In 1993, Shanghai People's Publishing House published the history of oriental social and economic forms. In 2002, four volumes of Wu Ze's collected works were published by East China Normal University Press, which is the crystallization of his academic achievements in more than half a century. Mr. Wang is a famous Marxist historian of the old generation in China. His life is a life of caring for the people and actively engaging in the cause of social transformation and progress; he is a life of courage to explore and strive for truth. He has been engaged in historical research for more than 70 years, and has made outstanding achievements and contributions in deepening the research on the periodization of ancient Chinese history, the theory of social and economic forms, and the theoretical research of ancient oriental society. He engaged in higher education all his life and cultivated a large number of talents in teaching and scientific research. In particular, since the establishment of the degree system in 1978, he has served as a doctoral supervisor in the dual disciplines of ancient Chinese history and history of history. He has trained nearly 40 doctoral students in pre Qin history, Sui and Tang history and history of Chinese history for more than ten years. It has made an important contribution to the establishment and improvement of the degree system and graduate education in China. The death of Mr. Shi is a great loss for the historians in our country. His spirit of pursuing truth all his life, his academic achievements and tireless teaching style will become our important spiritual wealth. We should inherit his will and make unremitting efforts for the prosperity of Chinese history and the promotion of Chinese academic culture.

Character works

Research on Chinese history, November 1942 edition of Chongqing Emei publishing house, March 1943 edition of Guilin culture supply agency, July 1945 edition of Chongqing Emei publishing house, on Liberalism (pseudonym Song Yu), Shanghai Xinzhi Bookstore Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao, August 48 edition, Shanghai Huaxia bookstore, November 1948 edition, Li zhuowu, a traitor of Confucianism, Shanghai Huaxia bookstore, April 1949 edition, Chinese history series, ancient history, social history of slavery in Yin Dynasty, Shanghai Tangdi publishing house, September 1949 edition, geographical environment and social development, Shanghai Tangdi publishing house, February 1950 edition, judgment of historical figures, Shanghai Tangdi Publishing House East China Normal University Press, February 1960, on the history of oriental social and economic forms, Shanghai People's publishing house, October 1993, dictionary of Chinese history, volume of historical history, edited by Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 1983, complete works of Wang Guowei, volume of letters, edited by Zhonghua publishing house, March 1984, introduction to history 》(editor in chief) Anhui Education Press 1986 edition "history of modern Chinese Historiography" (editor in chief) Jiangsu Ancient Books Press 1989 June edition "collection of works of wuze" (four volumes) East China Normal University Press 2002 edition

Chinese PinYin : Wu Ze