leaf beetle

leaf beetle

This data is reviewed by the project of data compilation and application of Science Encyclopedia of science popularization in China.

Chrysomelidae belongs to Coleoptera Chrysomeloidea. This family of insects is closely related to host plants, adults and larvae are herbivorous, many species are the main pests of agriculture, forestry, traditional Chinese medicine and so on. However, some of them are host specific, which also provide broad prospects for weed biological control.

Beetles, about 25000 species, are distributed all over the world, but concentrated in the tropics. The body is ovoid with short feet. The antennae are about half the length of the body. The body length is less than 12 mm (0.5 in). Many species are important leaf eating pests. They feed on cereals and ornamental plants. The undergraduate course is divided into most subfamilies.

brief introduction

Leaf beetle is a beetle of about 25000 species, with oval body, short feet, antennae about half of the body length and less than 12 mm (0.5 inch) in length. Chrysomelidae, generally 1-17mm in length, oblong in shape and various colors, with exposed head, mostly sub anterior mouth type, prominent compound eyes, 11 antennae, mostly filiform, obvious labial base of upper lip, transverse width of anterior sternum, Coleoptera generally covering abdomen, 7 segments on the back of abdomen, long feet, pseudo 4 segments of tarsi, the fourth segment is very small, hidden in the base of the fifth segment. Leaf beetles belong to Coleoptera leaf beetle family, is a large group of Coleoptera insects.

Life habits:

They are mainly concentrated in the tropics and feed on cereals and ornamental plants.

distribution

All over the world, but mainly in the tropics

morphological character

The change of pigment in insects is quite magical. Sometimes the color of larvae is completely different from that of adults. These transformations are of ecological value, that is, beneficial to one's own survival. Some can be inferred from known knowledge, while others may not be known. we know that red is usually a warning to tell the enemy, "I'm poisonous, please don't offend me.". Humans also often use red to warn of dangers or things they are not allowed to do. In the poplar leaf beetle, the egg is red, and the Coleoptera, ventral and dorsal parts of the adult are also red. These red signals clearly tell the hunters that we are not easy to mess with. But for the young and young larvae just hatched from the red eggs, the body is mainly black, which is not very conspicuous; but for the grown larvae, the whole body is fleshy, through the thin body wall, the developed fat body can be seen. From human eyes or experience, nutrition and taste are not bad. Is the larva not afraid of death? There must be some secret in it.

Some types

Yellow foot and black guard melon

Huangzuheishougua, also known as Liushi heishougua, huangtibia heishougua and black melon leaf worm, is distributed in the south of the Yellow River in China and is mainly harmful to melon vegetables. Adults eat leaves, form ring or semi ring notches, eat tender stems, cause dead seedlings, and harm flowers and young melons. The larvae eat the roots in the soil, often make the seedlings wilt and die, and can also eat the fruits growing close to the ground. body length 5.5-7mm, width 3-4mm. Only the Coleoptera, compound eyes and the top of maxilla were black, and the rest were orange yellow or orange red.

Caragana asperata

Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae. It is distributed in Northeast, north, northwest, North and southwest provinces of China, Japan, Korea, Siberia, India, Europe and Africa (North). The larvae feed on the tender leaves and only leave the veins. It is an important pest of Salicaceae. the body length is about 11 mm and the widest part is about 6 mm. The body is oval. Abaxial surface raised, body blue black or black, Coleoptera red or reddish brown, glossy. There is often a small black spot at the top of the middle seam. The head, chest, scutellum, abdomen and feet are all black blue with copper green color. There are dense small incisions on the head and obvious "Y" shaped grooves on the forehead. The lateral margin of the anterior thoracolumbar plate is slightly arcuate, the anterior edge is invaginated, the shoulder angle is protruding, and the disc area is uplifted on both sides. Scutellum is glossy and smooth. The coleoptile is upwarped along the outer margin, and there is a line of rough points on the proximal margin. Antennae 11 filiform, less than 1 / 2 of the body length, slightly flat, the first section thick, the second section short, 3-5 longer, after 6 gradually expanded rod-shaped; antennae base away from each other; compound eye black, chest back plate blue purple, front edge arc concave, both sides arc edge.

Colasposoma dauricum

Coleoptera, zodiaceae. It is harmful to water spinach, sweet potato, wheat, etc. The adults damage the tender leaves and stems at the top of the seedlings, and make the top break. The adults eat the potato juice. In serious cases, the plants wither and die, resulting in the phenomenon of lack of seedlings. The larvae live in the soil and damage the roots of the host. There are curved scars on the surface of the tuberous roots. Gnawing on the surface of potato blocks can cause scars of different depths on the surface of potato blocks and help black spot, soft rot and other pathogens to invade. In severe cases, the damage rate of potato can reach 30% - 60%, and the annual loss rate is about 20% - 30%. body length 5-7mm, oval, body color change, bronze, copper, blue purple, blue black, blue and green, mostly blue black, metallic luster. Antennae 11, terminal 5, slightly flat. The back of the head and chest is densely covered with carved points, the back of the front chest is a transverse rectangle, and the scutellum is nearly square. The Coleoptera is covered with incisions, the scapula is raised, and the incisions are thick and obvious. There is a blue triangular spot on the back of the scapula in subspecies leiocarpus, but not in subspecies named. In the former, the fold behind the scapula is thicker than half of the wing, while in the latter, the fold is smaller.

Huang shougua

Scutellaria sinensis is a member of the subfamily Chrysomelidae, belonging to the family Chrysomelidae. Scutellaria sinensis is a member of the subfamily Chrysomelidae, which is smaller than the family Chrysomelidae. It is a kind of firefly and one of the important pests of cucurbitaceous vegetables. It is widely distributed in China and recorded in most provinces; it is also distributed in Korea, Japan, Siberia and Vietnam. It has one generation a year in North China, one to three generations in South China and three to four generations in South Taiwan. It overwinters as an adult between leeward and sunny weeds, fallen leaves and crevices. body length 7-8 mm. All orange yellow or orange red, sometimes slightly brown. The upper lip is chestnut black. The compound eyes, chest and abdomen were black. The antennae are filiform, about half the length of the body. The width of the prothoracic plate is about 2 times that of the length. After the middle part of the Coleoptera, it is slightly widened, and the cutting points are fine and dense. The female tail segment buttock plate extends backward, protrudes in a triangle, and is exposed outside the Coleoptera. The end of the tail segment ventral segment is angular concave; the male antenna base segment is cone-shaped, the ventral end is blunt, the middle leaf of the tail segment ventral segment is rectangular, and the back is a large depression.

Black foot and black guard melon

It is mainly harmful to medicinal plants such as Trichosanthes kirilowii, balsam pear, Luffa, cucumber, pumpkin, wax gourd, Siraitia grosvenorii, etc. The adults feed on the leaves, stems, flowers and sticks of melon, while the larvae feed on the roots of melon seedlings, causing the death of the whole plant. The adult is 5.5-7mm long and 3.2-4mm wide. The body is extremely bright; the head, anterior thoracic segment and abdomen are orange yellow to orange red; the upper lip, Coleoptera, middle thoracic and posterior thoracic webs, side plates and feet are black; the antennae are smoked; the base two segments or several segments at the end are sometimes pale. Scutellum miliaceous or miliaceous black, narrowly triangular. It is about 2 / 3 of the body length, the third segment is shorter than the fourth segment, and the width of the anterior thoracolumbar plate is shorter than twice of the length. Coleoptera with strong luster. The two sides of the Coleoptera are obviously widened behind the base, the base is slightly raised, and the wing surface has densely carved points. The end of the terminal web of the female adult is undulate concave, and the center of the terminal web of the male adult is longitudinally rectangular.

Chinese PinYin : Ye Jia