Huang Ao

Huang Ao

Huang Ao (1902-1928), a native of Linli, Hunan Province, studied in Changsha A-type agricultural school and the secondary school affiliated to the provincial Polytechnic School in his early years. He highly praised Dr. Sun Yat Sen's three major policies of uniting Russia, the Communist Party and supporting agriculture and industry. In 1920, he joined the Kuomintang through Lin Boqu's introduction. In 1924, he was admitted to the first phase of Huangpu Military Academy and joined the Communist Party of China. He was selected as the Chief Secretary of the political department under the leadership of Zhou Enlai. He was full-time responsible for Zhou Enlai's various documents and helped to carry out military political training. In the winter of 1927, Huang Ao was sent back to Hunan by the CPC Central Committee as secretary of the Provincial Military Commission, leading the organization of the new uprising. In 1928, he was sent to Helong army in Hunan Hubei border area as chief of staff of the Fourth Army of the workers' and peasants' revolutionary army. On September 8, 1928, during a fierce battle in Shimen, Huang Ao, the chief of staff of the army who was directing the retreat, was shot and died at the age of 26.

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Huang Ao was born in 1902 in Linli, Hunan Province. The ancestors worked in agriculture, and their family was poor, with only one mu of real estate. Hekou County primary school, Hunan Provincial Polytechnic middle school graduate. Hunan Qunzhi university has studied for two years. He used to be a teacher of Hunan Provincial A-type Industrial school. In the autumn of 1920, Lin Boqu introduced him to join the Chinese Kuomintang. In 1924, Shi Shengzu, director of the central peasants Department of the Chinese Kuomintang, recommended him to apply for the Huangpu Military Academy. In May of the same year, he went to Guangzhou. He joined the second team of the first phase of Huangpu Military Academy and joined the Communist Party of China in July. After graduation, he served as the director of the Secretary unit of the Political Department of Huangpu Military Academy, and participated in the organization of the China young servicemen's Federation.

In July 1925, he served as Secretary General of the Political Department of the second army of the National Revolutionary Army and participated in the eastern expedition and the northern expedition. In the spring of 1927, director of the Political Department of the second army assisted party representative Li Fuchun in his work. After the failure of the great revolution, he went to Western Hubei for armed struggle and participated in leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in Western Hubei. In October 1927, he returned to Changsha as secretary of the Military Commission of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and participated in the organization and guidance of weapons in Hunan. In July 1928, Feng sent Helong troops along the Hunan Hubei border to serve as chief of staff of the Fourth Army of the workers' and peasants' revolutionary army. On September 8, 1928, he died in a fierce battle in Shimen.

Life story

He went to a private school in 1910

In 1914, he entered the second class of county primary school.

In the spring of 1924, Huang Ao found out about the secret enrollment of Huangpu Military Academy. He went to Guangzhou, the revolutionary center he had admired for a long time, and applied for the examination. He was admitted with excellent results. Soon after he entered the school, he joined the Communist Youth League under the influence of Chinese Communist Party members Li Zhilong and Zhou Shidi.

In July 1924, Huang Ao became a member of the Communist Party of China from the Communist Youth League. After joining the organization of the Communist Party of China, Huang Ao paid more attention to the future of the country and the destiny of the nation, made great efforts to study new theories, and devoted himself to reading revolutionary publications such as guide and Chinese youth.

After graduating from the first phase of Huangpu Military Academy in December 1924, Huang Ao was selected as the director of the Secretary unit of the Political Department of the military academy. His main responsibility was to send and receive, keep and draft various documents on behalf of Zhou Enlai, and assist Zhou Enlai in political training. They compiled a large number of popular and vivid political teaching materials and opened up a variety of teaching methods.

In February 1925, Huang Ao took part in the first eastern expedition with Zhou Enlai. He carried out stage education and situation education for the recruits with a definite aim. The political consciousness of the recruits was generally improved.

In addition, the Communist Party and progressive officers in the army set an example and taught by example everywhere, which made the Huangpu training regiment play an important role in the first East film of Huangpu Military Academy.

On March 20, 1926, after the "Zhongshan shipwreck incident", Chiang Kai Shek set up another "Huangpu classmate Association" as his own president. The former backbone of the "sun wenism society" controlled the affairs of the meeting and excluded and attacked the Communists among his classmates. In order to combat the arrogance of the Rightists, Huang Ao published an article in Huangpu tide weekly, which deeply exposed the KMT Rightists' opposition to Sun Yat Sen's three major policies of "uniting Russia, uniting the Communist Party and supporting agriculture and industry". In July, Huang Ao was appointed secretary of the Political Department of the second army and party representative of the fourth division. In the journal revolution compiled and printed by the command of the second army, he continuously wrote articles such as revolutionary army, revolutionary army and counter revolutionary army. He explained the nature and tasks of the national revolutionary army in simple terms, and compiled popular textbooks such as textbook of soldiers' literacy movement and Q & A of soldiers' diaries, which were well received by scholars Welcome.

In July 1925, the General Political Department of Guangzhou National Revolutionary Army was established. Huang Ao was appointed secretary of the Political Department of the second army. Li Fuchun, the party representative, is the director of the Political Department of the PLA. There is no deputy director under the director. The secretary is responsible for the daily leadership. The predecessor of the second army was the Xiang army led by Tan Yankai, which was not much different from other warlords and had weak combat effectiveness.

After July 1925, the Hunan army was preparing for the reorganization. In order to make the officers and soldiers understand what the revolutionary army is, Huang Ao wrote the revolutionary army, the revolutionary army and the counter revolutionary army and other articles in a row, explaining in simple terms the nature and tasks of the national revolution, and focusing on the analysis of the revolutionary army and the army from the aspects of the purpose of serving as a soldier, the obedience of soldiers to orders, and the relationship between the army and the workers and peasants There are essential differences between the two armies.

At the beginning of the northern expedition in July 1926, thanks to the joint efforts of Li Fuchun, Huang AO and many Communists and progressive soldiers in the second army, the second army was warmly welcomed by the people on the way of the Northern Expedition and won one victory after another. However, on the Jiangxi battlefield in September, when the second army attacked the army led by Deng ruzhuo, it was frustrated and the morale was low.

In April 1927, Li Fuchun and Huang Ao heard about the incident of destroying the party headquarters and the Federation of trade unions in Nanjing. They also received the notice of a meeting from the staff above the section chief of the East Road headquarters. Seeing the sudden change of the situation, Li and Huang made a decision and refused to attend the meeting. They led the left behind personnel of the political department to leave Nanjing in the rain. On the way, they were surrounded by dangers. They trudged 23 days before arriving in Huangmei County, Hubei Province, and immediately began to work.

From May 3 to 14, 1927, after thousands of days of preparation, the Political Department of the second army held a grand memorial meeting for the dead soldiers in Huangmei County. The Political Department of the people's Republic of China and the political departments of various divisions printed special magazines, leaflets and other propaganda materials and distributed them on the spot. After leaving the second army, facing the anti Communist tide, Huang Ao actively engaged in the agrarian revolutionary struggle under the guidance of the party and took part in the organization and leadership of the Autumn Harvest Uprising in Hubei Province. Huang Ao, a party member, visited western Hubei and punished a group of local tyrants, evil gentry and regimental defense leaders. The uprising opened the prelude of peasants' struggle in Western Hubei.

In the winter of 1927, in order to strengthen the power of Hunan provincial Party committee, Huang Ao was sent back to Hunan by the central army of the Communist Party of China and served as the Secretary of Hunan Provincial Military Committee. He restored the organization, accumulated strength and led the organization of new riots.

At the end of the year of 1927, the Tianxian majiawan uprising was encircled and suppressed, and Wang houkun and other members were killed. Wang Yifu, Secretary of the special branch, was forced to leave. The newly rebuilt underground party organization in linli was seriously damaged again.

In October 1927, the eastern expeditionary army led by Tang Shengzhi and the Western expeditionary army led by Li Zongren and Cheng Qian broke out a new warlord scuffle over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The Tang Dynasty was defeated. On March 2, the second units of Lu Diping and Chen Jiayou invaded Changde. The fourth division of the Second Army (division commander Wang Jiejun and deputy division commander Xie Yibo) stationed in linli relieved the former county magistrate, and Li daozong, director of the Political Department of the fourth division, was concurrently the county magistrate. In this regard, Zhao Bolu and his gang were angry and resentful, trying to launch a "civil commotion" suddenly, killing Li daozong and replacing him.

On January 25, 1928, Chen Jiayou, the Western expeditionary army, entered Changsha. The city was in chaos. Huang Ao took the opportunity to organize a collective escape and sneaked back to linli. At this time, the fourth division of the second army was stationed in Linli, and Li daozong, director of the Political Department of the division, took over the post of head of linli County. Zhao Bolu, deputy director of the county door-to-door group, and his party want to get rid of Li daozong and replace him. Huang Ao got all the information in his contact with the underground Party organizations. He got in touch with Peng Kan, Yuan Zhixiong, Tan Xing, etc., who were old friends of the Political Department of the fourth division. He informed Xiangxi special committee of the situation in time and got the support of Peng Gongda, Secretary of the special committee.

On May 7, 1928, at the May 7 national humiliation memorial meeting held on the beach across the county road, Huang AO and others killed Zhao, Shao, Jiang, Huang and Chen in one fell swoop with the help of the garrison and the evidence of Zhao Bo's "communism". Eliminating the "five evils" is like a bolt from the blue, shaking the sky over Western Hunan and Hubei. In the provincial communique of Qingxiang, the authorities of the national government exclaimed: "there are rampant bandits in Shimen and linli. Two days after the May 7th anniversary, Fenghuo Mountain, Dongxiang, Linli, suddenly appeared. There were dozens of bandits wearing box guns. The leader Huang AO and others were all directing and inciting in linli. "

In August 1928, during the reorganization of the Fourth Red Army company, Huang Ao helped army commander he long sum up the lessons of several defeats and take targeted measures. For example, we should improve political organs, reorganize Party organizations, build branches in companies, recruit progressive soldiers as the backbone of the party, step up military and political training for cadres and soldiers at lower levels, and educate soldiers to strictly observe revolutionary discipline At this time, the Fourth Red Army received instructions from the Hunan provincial Party committee and the Xiangxi special committee, asking the Red Army to go to Shimen. On August 25, the Fourth Red Army entered Moshi, the central area of Northwest Shimen township. On September 5, the main force of the Red Army rushed to the national government's regimental defense and tax authorities in Wangjiachang and dayandang of Lixian County. On September 7, the red army returned to Fuyang, Shimen. The next morning, the Fourth Red Army was attacked by more than 2000 people from Li Yunjie's division and the local regiment. During the battle, Huang Ao led the guards and local guerrillas to stop the security forces. Just then, a bullet hit Huang Ao, who was only 27 years old when he died.

The process of sacrifice

On January 26, 1928, the Western expeditionary army Chen

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