Huang Shaoji

Huang Shaoji

Huang Shaoji (1854-1908) was born in Ruian, Zhejiang Province. Jinshi in the sixth year of Guangxu. He is a good scholar and has been praised by Kang Youwei. After the failure of the "1898 coup", Kang Youwei took the risk to sue Kang Youwei, so that Kang was free from difficulties. Therefore, he was detested by Rong Lu and resigned. Soon after, he was appointed as a learning envoy in Hubei Province and died in an official position. Shaoji is erudite and proficient in calligraphy and painting.

brief introduction

Huang Shaoji (1854-1908) was named Zhongtao and Mu *. Ruian people, living in the county small sand. Father Ti Fang, the second year of Tongzhi reign, was the Minister of the Ministry of war and the vice governor of the far left. He was one of the "four admonitions of the Imperial Academy" and the leader of the Qing Dynasty. Shaoji in the Qing Dynasty Guangxu five years (1879) Zhongshun Tianfu Ju people, six years into the soil. He has been appointed Deputy examiner of Sichuan provincial examination, compiler of Wuying hall, coordinator of Huidian hall, examiner of Hubei provincial examination, assistant lecturer of Hanlin, assistant lecturer of Hanlin, general office of Beijing University, supervisor of Lianghu academy, supervisor of Beijing Publishing House and Translation Institute, Bachelor of Shidu and Japanese lecturer, and Hubei tixue envoy.

Huang Shaoji, Minister of the late Qing Dynasty. The name is Zhongzhen and Manan. He is from Ruian, Zhejiang Province. Huang tifang's son, Guangxu Jinshi, selected Shu Jishi, taught editing, Xuansheng Shiyue. He has served as the examiners of Sichuan provincial examinations and the compilers of wuyingdian, and is a master of Qingliu. In 1888, he had a close contact with Kang Youwei, the leader of the reformers. He helped him write a letter. He said that it was dangerous. Please reform in time. He winced at the criticism of the stubborn Japanese defenders. After the defeat of the Sino Japanese War of 1894-1895, the Treaty of Shimonoseki was signed, and Wen Tingshi, who fought with the scholars, wrote a protest. It is pointed out that the Treaty of Shimonoseki made reparations for the loss of territory and humiliated the country. In November, he participated in the preparatory work for the launching of Shanghai strong society and drafted the articles of association with Liang dingfen. In 1898, he was granted a bachelor degree in the Imperial Academy. He was presented with the chapter of persuading learning, written by Zhang Zhidong, governor of Huguang. He was ordered to instruct the governors of various provinces to study politics. It was widely published and implemented persuasion. After the coup of 1898, Zuo Chunfang was promoted to be an official of the general office of Beijing Normal University. Since childhood, he has learned from his father and read all kinds of books. There are more than 1100 books and more than 100 kinds of rare books in the "Liao Sui Pavilion". After his death, he donated 9295 books to Wenzhou Library. Sun Yanzhao once recorded the donation of books in his article "the library of Zhenyuan in the past 20 years". He is the author of guangyizhou Shuangji review, history of Chinese education, Xianan remains, etc.

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Huang Shaoji strongly advocated reform and strengthening the country. In the sixth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, Japan invaded Ryukyu, that is, regardless of the pressure of officialdom and personal progress, it resolutely criticized the imperial court officials. After the Sino Japanese war failed in 1894, Japan, together with Huang Zunxian, Zhang Jian and Cen Chunxuan, attacked the current situation, advocated the war of resistance, and opposed to kowtowing to Japanese imperialism for peace. In 1895, he supported Kang Li Li, Liang Qichao and others to go to Beijing to take the exam. He also participated in Kang's "strong society" and the formulation of its constitution. Later, he went to Shanghai to participate in the organization of the branch affairs of the strong society. For 24 years, he served as a regular member and a propagandist of the "National Defense Council" organized by Kang family, actively promoting the reform. On September 21 of that year, with the support of Rong Lu and Yuan Shikai, Cixi launched the "1898 coup", imprisoned Emperor Guangxu who supported the reform and killed six gentlemen, including Tan Sitong and Lin Xu. On the eve of the coup, Shaoji informed Kang Youwei in advance, telling Kang to escape from the Shandong waterway to Japan, so that Kang would not be poisoned by CIMO. Afterwards, he also advised Zhang Zhidong, governor of Huguang (Shaoji is Zhang Zhidong's nephew and son-in-law) not to be involved in other reformers. Later, he sympathized with the revolution of the alliance and rescued Zhang Nanxian, LV *, Li Zhicheng and other revolutionaries with his cousin Shaodi.

Huang Shaoji advocated the imperial examination and running new schools, and regarded education as "a matter of life and mind". When he was the general manager of the school of Beijing Normal University, he personally formulated the school system and other regulations, and promoted more than 300 places. As a member of the publishing house and translation school, he compiled and printed a large number of teaching materials for use in various provinces. When the students were injured by the Russian soldiers, Shaoji called for the Russian teachers to report the scandal of the Russian soldiers bullying the students to the foreign newspapers. The Russian teachers were afraid and told the Russian envoys. The Russian envoys immediately ordered the Russian military officials to apologize and punish the Russian soldiers who violated the law. During his tenure as a school ambassador in Hubei, he initiated the establishment of a provincial school affairs office, and sent 30 top students to Japan to study in normal schools. He returned home to set up new schools and trained thousands of teachers. He also took the lead in donating 2000 yuan to finance primary schools in Hubei Province. In the 33rd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, he led the provincial envoys to Japan to investigate education, and was promoted as honorary president by the "Unification Association of Sinology" of Japan. Shaoji believed that after the abolition of the imperial examination in China, to establish a new education system, we must first study the history of education, carefully compile five volumes of the history of education in China, systematically discuss the traditional Chinese education theory and western education principles, and put forward many new suggestions. Later generations believed that the new education based on Chinese teaching method and with reference to the eastern and western educational systems began in Shaoji. He devoted all his life to the cause of education. After returning from Japan, he fell ill and still wrote official documents a few days before his death. After his death, thousands of people in Hubei academic circles mourned. There is a biography of the draft of Qing history.

Personal influence

Shaoji was very concerned about the education in the countryside. He and sun Yirang (Zhongrong) shared the same ideals and cooperated with each other. They were known as "Mr. Erzhong" in the world. In 1896, they jointly founded Ruian School of science and technology, offering mathematics, physics, chemistry and other courses. Five years later, it merged with dialect school to form Ruian general school, which is the predecessor of Ruian middle school. They also set up farmers' associations to promote agricultural science and technology.

Character evaluation

Huang Shaoji worked in politics all his life, but he was studious all his life. He is good at bibliography and local chronicles. He wrote the example catalogue of local chronicles, which was promulgated by the Qing government in the 31st year of Guangxu. According to Ban Gu's Hanshu Yiwenzhi, we collected the lost articles of Liu Xiang and Liu Xin's BIE Lu and Qi Lue, and collected the historical records of the past dynasties. We collected the remains of Zheng Qiao and Zhang Xuecheng and compiled the Hanshu Yiwenzhi Ji Lue in 20 years. father

Huang tifang

(1832-1899), the word Shulan, No. Hanshan, like to collect books, many poems. He has learned from his father since he was a child. He is fond of reading books and is proficient in identification. He has close contacts with Miao Quansun, Wang Yirong, Sheng Yu and other book collectors.

There are more than 1100 books and more than 100 rare books in the "liaosuige" library. After his death, he donated 9295 books to Wenzhou Library. In 1920, Yang Jia compiled the bibliography of Polygonum suige with 103 kinds of description; Ruian Chen Zhun compiled the bibliography of Polygonum suige with Huang's family in Ruian, which was published in the fourth volume of Quarterly Journal of Library Science with more than 1000 kinds of description. The book collection is printed with "Liao Sui Ge collection", "Rui'an Zhongzhen" and so on. At the beginning of the Republic of China, some of the books were destroyed in the war. There are more than a few supplements to sun Yirang's Mo Zi Jian Gu and Wu Da * s Shuowen Gu Ji bu. He is the author of a number of volumes (none of which has been completed). There is a "suige" Library in my home, and there are many secret books. Later, most of them were donated to Zhenyuan library, and now they are returned to Wenzhou Library. The tomb is covered with bamboo in Pandai.

Chinese PinYin : Huang Shao Ji