Tang Boyuan

Tang Boyuan

Tang Boyuan (1540-1597) was born in Suwan duxianmenli, Chenghai County, Chaozhou Prefecture in Ming Dynasty. Ming Dynasty Confucian, Neo Confucianist, his Jinshi background, official to the Ming Dynasty Nanjing Hubu principal, department doctor, Ren Shangbao Sicheng, Li Bu kaogong Qing Li Si, Wen Xuanqing Li Si Lang medium. He worships Cheng Zhu Neo Confucianism and opposes Wang Shouren's new Neo Confucianism, which is called "Xin Xue". Tang Boyuan inherited Zhan Ruoshui's academic viewpoint from LV Huai and made it more practical. He thought that mind nature (or heavenly principle) was based on things. Without things, mind nature could not be mentioned. He wrote more than ten books in his life, but few of them exist in the world.

In the history of Ming Dynasty, Tang Boyuan was called "the representative of scholar bureaucrats in Lingnan", "the first scholar in the world" and "the Confucian School of Neo Confucianism". After his death, Emperor Xizong of Ming Dynasty granted a huge plaque to "the famous scholar of Neo Confucianism".

Life of the characters

Tang Boyuan, Renqing, Shutai, Suwan duxianmenli, Chenghai County, Guangdong Province. Born in 1540 (the 19th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty), died in 1597 (the 25th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty). In 1561 (the 40th year of Jiajing reign of Ming Dynasty), Tang Boyuan passed the examination. In 1574 (the second year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), he won the imperial examination and entered the official career. Half a year later, he served as magistrate of Wannian County in Jiangxi Province. In 1575 (the third year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty), he was appointed as magistrate of Taihe County. In 1580 (the eighth year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty), Tang Boyuan was transferred to the head of the Nanjing Department of household affairs. He was a doctor and was soon promoted to Shangbao Sicheng. In 1584 (the 12th year of Wanli), Tang Boyuan was demoted to Haizhou as a magistrate. Soon after, he was transferred to Baoding Prefecture as a Tui Guan. In the winter of 1585 (the 13th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty), he was transferred to the head of the Department of rites in Beijing. In 1591 (the 20th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty), his mother died and returned to Chaozhou. In the autumn of 1594 (the 22nd year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty), Tang Boyuan, who had been in charge of the system for three years, returned to Beijing to take up his original post. He did not promote the Ministry of officials, Wen Xuanqing Li Si Yuan wailang, and made contributions to Qing Li Si and Wen Xuanqing Li Si Lang (zhengwupin). After that, he went back to his hometown. In the autumn of 1597 (the 25th year of Wanli), he died. In 1625 (the fifth year of Tianqi), Emperor Xizong of Ming Dynasty granted Tang Boyuan the title of Shaoqing of Taichang.

Imperial examination background

In 1561 (the 40th year of Jiajing's reign), Tang Boyuan was elected at the age of 22. He became a close friend with Zhou Guanghao in Chaoyang, and later became an in laws. Zhou Guanghao's father, Zhou Fuxian, was a teacher of Zhan Ruoshui, a university student, together with LV Huai of Yongfeng (now Guangfeng) in Jiangxi Province in Nanjing. Like Wang Shouren, Zhan Ruoshui advocates the unity of knowledge and action, but he especially advocates "recognizing the principle of heaven everywhere", so as to avoid empty talk about conscience and breaking away from social practice, and avoid "letting my heart be my will" to practice recklessly. When Tang Boyuan met Zhou Guanghao, Zhou Fuxian had already passed away, so in 1568 (the second year of Longqing of Ming Dynasty), he went to Shitang of Yongfeng to study the original meaning of three books by Lu Huai. In 1564 (the fifth year of Longqing), Tang Boyuan and Zhou Guanghao went to the capital to take the examination together. As a result, Zhou Guanghao got the first place, while Tang Boyuan lost the second. So he went back to Shitang alone to help LV Huai revise the Li Ji Gu Yi. Tang Boyuan accepted Zhan Ruoshui's academic viewpoint from LV Huai and made it more practical. He thinks that mind nature (or heavenly principle) is based on things. Without things, mind nature is impossible to talk about. He limited things to "the body, the family, the country and the world", and the ultimate goal is still to achieve Confucian self-cultivation, regulating the family, governing the country and balancing the world. In 1574 (the second year of Wanli), Tang Boyuan went to Beijing again and won the imperial examination.

Career history

When Tang Boyuan was the magistrate of Wannian County in Jiangxi Province, Wannian people set up ancestral temples for him. According to Chen Yisong's preface to the ten thousand years of sending orders to Shutai of Tang Dynasty, which was written by Zuo Shilang of the Ministry of government and industry, the ten thousand years' territory is only tens of miles, and it has been only 50 years since its establishment, and it has never been "a person who has made a branch to go to Lingzi". It was from Tang Boyuan that the official system of Jinshi was the magistrate of Wannian county. Tang Boyuan was not very happy. When he was in Beijing, Chen Yisong encouraged him to "spare no effort" in production, public security and ethics. Tang Boyuan did not bear his support, so after a year's transfer, the people set up a living shrine. When Tang Boyuan was appointed as Taihe County Magistrate of Ji'an Prefecture in Jiangxi Province, Taihe people set up ancestral temples for him. Ji'an is the old home of "three Luo" (Luo Lun, Luo Qinshun, Luo Hongxian) that Tang Boyuan advocated. In the fifth year of Taihe, Tang Boyuan took sanluo's opposition to the empty style of study and no extravagance as an example. He was highly praised by the local people for his political and academic work. When Zhou Guanghao heard of it, he wrote a letter: "the people in the middle of the country praised their political achievements, but there was no such thing in the first hundred years.". In 1580 (the eighth year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty), Tang Boyuan was transferred to be the head of the household department in Nanjing, and the people set up a ancestral hall for him. In 1584 (the 12th year of Wanli), when Tang Boyuan was appointed head of the Nanjing household department and a doctor, he was promoted to Shangbao Sicheng. Shoufu Shen Shixing also affirmed Wang Shouren's achievements, integrity and articles in support of the proposal. At that time, in the field of thought, words must be called Cheng Zhu Neo Confucianism. Wang Shouren took Cheng Zhu theory as a stepping stone to gain fame and fortune, and insisted on the new theory of "to conscience" of "unity of knowledge and action", breaking the rigid situation of academic circles. Tang Boyuan successively submitted "zhengcongsi Shu", "jinshijing University Shu" and his two annotated books "Shijing University", opposing Wang Shouren's worship of Confucius Temple, saying that "to keep benevolence and speak new knowledge, to mislead the world and the people... If later generations follow suit, if they don't succeed, they will be demonized.". In Nanjing, Zhong Yuchun went to Shanghai and accused Tang Boyuan of "slandering the early Confucianism". Tang Boyuan was still demoted to judge Haizhou. Soon after, he appointed Baoding Prefecture as a Tui official. In the winter of 1585 (the 13th year of Wanli), he was transferred to Beijing as the head of the Department of rites. In the spring of 1590 (the 19th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), Tang Boyuan was appointed to select the palace maids for the 10-year-old eldest son. During this period, Tang Boyuan published "on the selection of palace people". According to Shu Zhong, Tang Boyuan won the first beauty pageant, and less than one tenth of them won. The girls either "escaped" or "ruined their bodies". For the second time, the order of beauty pageant was successfully completed because of the "instruction" given in advance. Tang Boyuan directly exposed his shortcomings in his works. At that time, Tang Boyuan had been in office for six years, and the Ministry of officials had put forward the plan of promotion according to the Convention, but the ministers who had read the memorials were afraid that they would touch the emperor's anger and suppress the plan of promotion. After the Ming Dynasty emperor Shenzong admitted his fault, he was promoted, so Tang Boyuan was in charge of Qiuwei examination in Huguang. Ren Shangbao and Ren Sicheng.

Retired to Chaozhou

Because of his mother's death, Tang Boyuan returned to Chaozhou to keep the system. During this period, he built Shouan Temple (now in Xiangqiao District of Chaozhou City) at the northern foot of Xihu mountain. Li Hongxin's 1991: chronicle of Chaoshan city (appendix. Historical evolution of Chaoshan area), built Zizhu nunnery under Nanyan, and wrote 28 volumes of Li Bian during the period of system keeping, which took five years. When Tang Boyuan retired in his later years, he returned to Chaozhou and built Zui Jing Lou beside Shouan temple at the north foot of xixihu mountain in Chaozhou City, named Meihua village. Then he went to Diaoyutai under the wild goose pagoda. He was respected by the literati of Linghai. He died in the autumn of 1597.

Contribution Summary

As a great Confucianist and Neo Confucianist, Tang Boyuan's works are abundant, but most of them have been lost. Today's zuijinglouji is the main work of Tang family. Zuijing building was built in 1587 (the 15th year of Wanli) when Tang Boyuan asked for leave to visit his relatives. The first volume of Zui Jing Lou Ji is a poem with more than 70 topics. Volume 2 to Volume 5 are essays, of which volume 2 is classics interpretation, 50; Volume 3 is preface, 11; Volume 4 is Ji, 10; Volume 5 is Shu, Qi, 44; Volume 6 is miscellaneous works, 18. Nine memorials are attached to the book. The book is about 90000 words.

Anecdotes and legends

Midnight day

"Midnight battle day" is a Chaoshan idiom. This proverb comes from the South fairy gate of Chenghai River, and its meaning is close to "unexpected happy event suddenly comes" or "unreasonable event suddenly appears". According to folklore, Tang Boyuan is a star of music in the sky. He came down to the world with the spirit of touching the earth. In the evening of the fifth day of the tenth lunar month in the 19th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, that is, the day of Tang Boyuan's birth, the well in front of Tang Tianyin's house was boiling, and the water rolled up to the surface of the well and overflowed everywhere. The old people said it was auspicious. Late at night, it was a dark night sky. However, someone in the neighborhood found that the roof of Tang Tianyin's house was suddenly full of rosy clouds, and the "Sunlight" was bright, which made it like day in front of the door. The villagers all exclaimed, "go out in the middle of the night!" At this time, Tang Tianyin's wife Xu gave birth to a boy. After a while, the red clouds and white light disappeared automatically. The boy born to the Tang family is named Boyuan. Since then, there has been a popular saying in Chaoshan area, that is, the day to go out in the middle of the night.

Suppress the kids

There is a legend of Tang Boyuan's "suppression of IMPs" among Chaoshan people. Tang Boyuan was born in a farming family. His father, Tang Tianyin, was honest and plain, and worked for a living. His mother, Xu's, was a virtuous woman with excellent craftsmanship, diligent in farming and weaving. Tang Boyuan's family not only planted a few acres of thin farmland in the mountains, but also rented a paddy field outside the member of huaize king in Lianyang. As a child, Boyuan often helped his father with farm work. It is said that once, Wang Yuan's family was haunted, which made his family have no peace. One night, in his sleep, councillor Wang vaguely heard two ghosts discussing. One of them said, "tomorrow, Lord Tang will come. The sun is too high for him. I can't stand it. What can I do?" Another said, "look, there are two urn under the table over there. Why don't we hide in the urn?". The two little ghosts hid in the urn, and Wang Yuan recorded them in his mind. Early the next morning, as soon as Wang Yuanwai opened the door, he saw Tang Tianyin, the tenant, bringing his son to pick up grain to pay the rent. He thought, "Lord Tang" meant Tang Tianyin, otherwise! Look at his son again. He's magnificent,

Chinese PinYin : Tang Bo Yuan