Bao Tingbo

Bao Tingbo

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Bao Tingbo (1728-1814) was born in Changtang, Shexian County, Anhui Province. He lived in Hangzhou with his father Bao sixu. Later, he settled in yangshuwan, Qingzhen (now Wuzhen), Tongxiang county. His works include Hua Yun Xuan manuscript, Yong Wu Shi, etc.

Life of the character

Bao Tingbo (1728-1814), whose name is Lu Yin and tongjiesou, was born in Changtang, Shexian County, Anhui Province. Therefore, he was called "the Bao family of Changtang" and lived in Hangzhou with his father Bao sixu. He once moved to yangshuwan, Qingzhen (now Wuzhen), Tongxiang County, and actually lived in Hangzhou. His father, Bao sixu, was rich in business and good at writing. He did not hesitate to buy books of the song and Yuan Dynasties and built a room for collection. He took the meaning of "learning and then knowing the insufficiencies" and named his room "knowing the insufficiencies".

Bao Tingbo is a scholar in Shexian county. He is also diligent in learning ancient books. He doesn't want to be an official. He likes to buy secret books. For a long time, he has a rich collection of books. He had frequent contacts with famous book collectors in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, borrowed and copied from each other, and widely recorded manuscripts left by his ancestors and later philosophers. He was still in Hangzhou, Hu'an, jia'an and su'an counties in his eighties, and copied countless books. Only up to now, there are more than 140 kinds of famous books. Ruan Yuan, a scholar in Zhejiang Province, took a boat to yangshuwan to collect his books.

In 1773, the library of Siku Quanshu was opened, and 3503 kinds of posthumous books were collected. Shigong, the eldest son of the imperial court, presented 626 kinds of fine books. Most of them were solitary and rare books since the song and Yuan Dynasties. From then on, the name of zhibuzhai reached the imperial court. In the following year, he was awarded the collection of ancient and modern books compiled by neifu, the victory map of Pingding Huibu and the battle map of Pingding two Jinchuan.

In the 40th year of Qianlong's reign, the Sikuquanshu was completed and returned to its original book. Emperor Qianlong wrote poems on the history of Tang Que and the general outline of Wujing of song Renzong, which said: "it's wise to be thirsty for books if you don't know enough. Most of the novels are written in the Imperial Palace, and the stories are written in the kitchen. " Tingbo was very happy and encouraged, so he decided to publish the series of zhipuzhai, which included 30 volumes, 207 kinds and 781 volumes. The last four volumes were continued by his sons Bao Shigong and sun Bao Zhengyan.

The imperial court carved books, learned from many people's strong points, extensively searched the heritage, and selected the best income for all classics and history research, calculation books, Jinshi, geography, calligraphy and painting, poetry collection, bibliography, etc. Many of them are unique at home. The publishing attitude is rigorous, and the collation is meticulous. Every book you get, you have to borrow a rare book, consult and revise each other, and do not change a word rashly, which is highly praised by people of the time. Commenting on Bao Tingbo's book engraving, Lu Wenzhuo said: "my friend, Bao Jun, was born to be good at books. Besides all the valuable profits in the world, he no longer thinks that he is private, but wants to be public. Morning book and evening writing, sentence core word "Qiu". Each volume of the series is dedicated to the imperial court. He also engraved the stories of Xia, famous doctors and strange stories of Liaozhai. The Qing Dynasty Qianlong 31 years (1766) engraved and published the Qingke Pavilion edition Liaozhaizhiyi, is the earliest existing edition of the book.

Ruan Yuan, the academic administrator of Zhejiang Province, said that Tingbo "has a collection of thousands of volumes and a wide range of books. Although it is a rare record, no one knows why.". Good poetry, for "sunset poetry" 20 rhymes, "chanting poetry" 1 volume, and "huayunxuan manuscript" 2 volumes.

In 1813, Fang shouchou, governor of Zhejiang Province, conveyed emperor Renzong's will to Tingbo, and asked about the publication of the series of zhiinsuzhai. The Tingbo was continued to 26 volumes and presented to shouchou. The shouchou was sparse and presented to Emperor Renzong. Renzong praised Tingbo for his erudition, old and tireless, and bestowed grace on the examiners. Shi Tingbo is 86 years old. The next year, episode 27 will die in Poplar Bay. His son, Bao Shigong, had 30 episodes of his father's ambition. What is particularly praiseworthy about Bao Tingbo's book collection is his book collection thought of "taking scattered books as gathering". The so-called "taking scattered books as gathering" is mainly manifested in the way of carving books to keep them in the world. Therefore, he also has a certain position in the history of Chinese publishing.

Bao Tingbo has a wide range of books. He knows the authenticity of ancient books, the quality of editions and the experience of collecting banknotes. When Ruan Yuan was the governor of Zhejiang Province, he visited ancient books and discussed the collation of them. He highly praised the profound knowledge of Ruan Yuan. He said, "the ancients said that the number of books read by the ancients is more than ten thousand, and the number of books read by the king is tens of thousands." he also presented a poem to him, saying that "there should be no books that have not been seen in the world.". Tingbo was generous in nature, friendly in making friends, and attached great importance to friendship. In the case of poor and good scholars, a complete set of books is often published.

In 1791, Yan Yuan, the owner of fangjiao hall, presented two volumes of Zhou Yigong's manuscript, a remnant of Song Yu, to the imperial Museum. The paper and ink of the book are ancient and elegant, and Yan's calligraphy is as precious as his treasure, that is, three postscripts are at the back of the book. In the winter of that year, a fire broke out in zhisizhai and some books were burned. Most of the books were donated by Huang Shi Li Ju and Wang Yi Yun Jing she. During the reign of Daoguang and Xianfeng, most of the books were copied and proofread by anding, Renhe, Lao and Wuxing.

In 1880, his great grandson Bao Yin presented the treasure of Wenlan Pavilion in the West Lake as a book in yangshuwan.

personal works

Bao Tingbo is good at poetry and prose, most of his manuscripts are lost, only the "huayunxuan manuscript" and "huayunxuan Yongwu Shicun" (the "huayunxuan Yongwu Shicun" is included in the "Qing Dynasty manuscript". His 30 sunset poems are particularly popular, known as "Bao Xiyang".

He is a famous book collector, bibliographer and engraver in Qing Dynasty. The word is Wen, and the name is Lu Yin. He was originally from Shexian County, Anhui Province and moved to Wucheng, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province. When he was young, he lived in the middle of Zhejiang Province and worked as a smelter. Zhu Sheng failed in the provincial examination twice, so he decided to take the imperial examination and specialized in collecting and engraving books. When he lived in Hangzhou, his father was fond of reading, so he bought many ancient and modern books. After a long time, he got more and better. From Jiaxing and Wuxing, as far as the north and south of the Yangtze River, all the old copies of ancient books come to his door. He also communicated with other collectors such as Ruan Yuan, yuan Tingtao, Huang pilei, Chen Zhan, Zhao Yu, Wu Qian, Zhu Wenzao, Jin Deyu, li e, Qian Daxin, etc. He has successively purchased and collected books from famous collectors in Zhejiang Province, such as Zhao's "Xiaoshan hall", Lu's "Baojing hall", Wang's "Zhenqi hall", Wu's "pinghuazhai", Yu's "dongxiaoxuan", Zheng's "erlaoge", Jin's "Tonghua hall", Wu's "Baijing hall", and sun's "shousongtang". He has also built a library to store books, which is named "know not enough after learning" in Dai Li "Zuzhai". The book collection is very rich, reaching more than 100000 volumes. It has compiled one volume of the bibliography of the song and Yuan anthologies of zhiwuzhai, and has collected more than 400 kinds of anthologies, including the anthologies of the Tang and Jin Dynasties. In the 38th year of Qianlong reign (1773), the Siku library was opened, and the imperial edict was issued for the world's posthumous books. His son Bao Shigong submitted 626 kinds of books, most of which were old editions and old manuscripts of song and Yuan Dynasties. Reward "ancient and modern books integration", "Yili victory map", "Jinchuan map" and so on. The following year, it was published in books, and the history of Tang Que and the general essentials of song Renzong's Wujing were both inscribed by the Emperor: "if you don't know enough, don't be deficient. It's wise to yearn for books! Most of the long stories are in the duhuige, and the stories are also in the kitchen. The collection of two biographies of Que history shows the scale of the relics in the late Tang Dynasty. Yan Xiu called himself shenliaozi, and there was no one in shenliaotian. "So he set up a special hall named" qishutang ". There are three couplets in it, which are divided into four cupboards, and is specially called" qishutang Ji ". There are dozens of books printed on the collection, mainly including "baoyiwen collection", "Tianliu collection", "gold scattered for collection", "Tiandu Bao's kunxuezhai collection", "changchanghu mountain melody", "thousands of hard-working books in one's life", "the owner's appreciation", "tingweixuan", "Shishou chenbian's home", "old eyes to the book", "tongjiesou", "good books piled on the bank" "Poor", "teach the West Changtang Bao's lack of knowledge Zhai Book seal", "Bao Yiwen collection Secretary", "Jie Ting Heng Gu Jin", "Yu Ci Qing AI Tang", "Lao Wu San Jian Shu Wan Juan" and so on. Wang Mingsheng, Gu Guangqi and Weng Guangping, who are good at collating, have highly appraised the books they have collated and engraved. They have 30 volumes and 207 kinds of zhipuzhai series. Most of them are rare books with a wide range and rich materials, such as poetry, calligraphy and painting, geography, arithmetic, classics and history, bibliography, etc. they are one of the large series with rich reference value in Qing Dynasty. For this reason, Emperor Jiaqing in 1813 issued an edict to praise his achievements in carving books, and specially granted it to Juren. Later, Gao Chengxun and Bao tingjue compiled "xuzhibuzhai series" and "houzhibuzhai series", which were modeled on their styles. Yuan Mei and Ruan Yuan called him "Bao Xiyang". His works include Hua Yun Xuan manuscript, Yong Wu Shi, etc.

Chinese PinYin : Bao Ting Bo