Wei liaoweng

Wei liaoweng

Wei liaoweng (June 25, 1178 to April 14, 1237), whose name is Huafu, is called Heshan. Qiongzhou Pujiang County (now Sichuan) people. Neo Confucianists and ministers in the Southern Song Dynasty.

In 1199, Wei liaoweng became a scholar and was awarded the title of the magistrate of the southern Xichuan Festival. He served as guozizheng, doctor of martial arts, and bachelor's College in succession. He disobeyed Han Zhuozhou in order to prevent the discussion of Bian. He changed the Secretary's correct character and went out to know Jiading Prefecture. When Shi Miyuan came to power, he called for his life. Later, he learned about Hanzhou, Meizhou, Suining, Luzhou and Tongchuan. Jiading 15 years (1222), called for the Ministry of war doctor, tired of moving Secretary prison, living quarters. In the first year of Baoqing (1225), he was framed and deposed to live in Jingzhou. Shaoding five years (1232), since the restoration of Tongchuan road pacifier, know Luzhou. In the first year of Duanping (1234), he was summoned to the imperial court to serve as the Minister of rites and the direct bachelor's college. Immediately, he took the post of Duanming palace scholar and the Privy Council officer to supervise the army and horses of Jianghuai Jinghu, and was granted the founding Marquis of Linqiong County. In 1237, Wei liaoweng died in his 60th year. He was awarded the title of "Wenjing" to the grand master and Duke of Qin.

Wei liaoweng opposed the "no desire" theory of Buddhism and Taoism, and praised Zhu Xi's Neo Confucianism. It is proposed that "the heart is the Tai Chi of man, and the heart is the Tai Chi of heaven and earth", emphasizing the role of "heart", which is close to Lu Jiuyuan. He is good at poetry and writing. His words are broad-minded in meaning, elegant in style or solemn and stirring. His works include complete works of Heshan, essentials of nine classics, textual research of ancient and modern times, miscellaneous notes of classics and history, Yayan of teachers and friends, etc.

(source of overview map) < / I >

Life of the characters

Great enlightenment

Wei liaoweng was born on June 8, the fifth year of Chunxi reign of song Xiaozong (June 25, 1178). He was very intelligent when he was a child. When he was only a few years old, he went to school with his elder brother, just like an adult. A little older, Wei liaoweng has been able to read more than a thousand words a day, never forget, the village called him a child prodigy. When he was 15 years old, Wei liaoweng wrote on Han Yu, which was full of author style.

The beginning of fame

In 1199, Wei liaoweng was the third Jinshi. At that time, it was taboo to talk about "Daoism", but Wei liaoweng mentioned it in his game theory. After he ascended the throne, Wei liaoweng was awarded the official post of the magistrate's office of the Xichuan festival in Jiannan city (Chengdu, now Sichuan).

In the second year of Jiatai (1202), Wei liaoweng was called guozizheng. The following year, Wei liaoweng became a doctor of martial arts in Guozijian.

In the first year of Kaixi (1205), Wei liaoweng called for the examination of bachelor's college. At that time, Han kuozhou, a powerful official, planned the northern expedition. Wei liaoweng said that the urgency of the task was "internal cultivation" on the grounds of "the country's record is not established, the country is uncertain, the customs are stolen, the border preparation is abandoned, the financial use is withered, and the talents are weak". When this theory came out, people were shocked. In Wei Dynasty, Weng was changed to secretary. The censor Xu Nan impeached Wei liaoweng for "countermeasures arrogance", but Han Jianzhou did not deal with it again.

In the second year of Kaixi (1206), Wei wengsheng became Secretary of the provincial school. Later, he resigned because his parents were old. Later, he released Jiading (now Leshan) < / I > as magistrate. At the end of the same year, when he arrived at Jiangling (now Hubei Province) on his way to his post, Wu Xi, deputy envoy of Xuanfu in Sichuan, defected to Song Dynasty and surrendered to Jin Dynasty, so Wei liaoweng failed to take office.

In February 1207, after anbing, Li Haoyi and Yang Juyuan killed Wu Xi and put down the rebellion, Wei liaoweng received the removal order in Guang'an (now Sichuan) on the way to his post, and then sent his parents back to Pujiang's hometown. At the end of the same year, after the treacherous minister Shi Miyuan secretly killed the powerful Minister Han juezhou, the Neo Confucianist Liu Huan suggested that Shi Miyuan worship Neo Confucianism and use famous Neo Confucianists to beautify his image. Wei liaoweng was also among those who were called by the imperial court.

Traversing Shu officials

In October 1208, the first year of Jiading, Shi Miyuan became prime minister, specializing in state affairs. From the very beginning, Wei liaoweng was aware of Shi Miyuan's intention of "summoning all the sages", so he made great efforts to issue an edict. Soon after his father's death, Wei liaoweng took care of his official funeral, so he built Heshan Academy under xibaihegang in Qiongzhou. He wrote books, taught disciples and preached Neo Confucianism. Therefore, people in Shu know Zhu Xi's theory of righteousness and Neo Confucianism. After that, Wei liaoweng was appointed governor of Hanzhou (now Guanghan, Sichuan). During his term of office, Wei liaoweng reduced and remitted the taxes owed by the people, but because of the bridge damage and human life accidents in his area of jurisdiction, he was demoted to a palace official. A few months later, Wei Weng knew Meizhou < I > (now Meishan, Sichuan) < / I >.

In the fourth year of Jiading (1211), he was promoted to Tongchuan prefecture (now Santai, Sichuan) < / I > luti point prison official < I > (supervisor) < / I >.

In the eighth year of Jiading (1215), he was also promoted to Changping by his native Road, and later changed to be a transit judge. As a neo Confucianist, Wei liaoweng saw that both Zhu Xi and Zhang Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty had given posthumous titles. In the spring of the next year, he asked Zhou Dunyi to give posthumous titles to Zhou Dunyi, as well as to Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, on the ground that Zhou Dunyi once held an official post in Hezhou. Under the repeated requests of Wei liaoweng, it was not until 1220 that the imperial court granted Zhou Dunyi the posthumous title of "Yuan", Cheng Hao the posthumous title of "Chun", and Cheng Yi the posthumous title of "Zheng". Wei Weng further applied for the posthumous title of Zhang Zai, and asked the four people to be worshipped in the Confucius Temple. Although the imperial court later granted Zhang Zai the posthumous title of "Ming", it did not agree to sacrifice the four people in the Confucius Temple. Nevertheless, the posthumous titles given to the four founders of Neo Confucianism, who did not meet the usual posthumous titles, greatly improved the prestige of Neo Confucianism and laid a foundation for the later achievement of the exclusive status of Neo Confucianism.

In the ninth year of Jiading (1216), Wei liaoweng once represented Suining prefecture (now Sichuan) as a road supervisor.

In the spring of 1218, he was appointed as the magistrate of Luzhou (now Luzhou, Sichuan) and also in charge of the affairs of the pacification Department of Tongchuan Fu Road. After his mother died, he became the magistrate of Tongchuan.

In the 14th year of Jiading (1221), the imperial court promoted Weng Ren to Tongchuan road and promoted some criminal and prison affairs.

Twists and turns of official Dynasty

In 1224, after emperor LiZong of Song Dynasty ascended the throne, current affairs changed. Wei liaoweng became ill after a long period of anxiety. He asked to retire three times, but he was not allowed to do so. He also served as the living man. At that time, because "thunder is not at the right time" < I > (Thunder thunders according to the season, but not at the right time) < / I > thought that it was abnormal, LiZong was not at ease. Wei liaoweng came to the right, expounded Neo Confucianism and political opinions, pointed out the role of "heart", and sought for long-term stability for LiZong. He also advised LiZong to listen to different opinions fairly and treat people and things equally.

In the first month of the first year of Baoqing (1225), Zhao Hong, the former crown prince and later deposed as king Ji, died suddenly. Because LiZong was supported by Shi Miyuan without authorization, and the former crown prince Zhao Hong was deposed by Jiao Zhao. Shi Miyuan always regarded Zhao Hong as an eyesore. Therefore, the officials in charge of the funeral were sloppy, and the burial ceremony did not meet the standard. There was a lot of rumors among the people. When Wei liaoweng visited LiZong, he would admonish LiZong to forgive him and bury Zhao Hong so as to calm down the rumors. Only Wei liaoweng, Hong jiekui, Hu Mengyu and Zhang Zhongshu, the ministers in the court, quoted scriptures and expostulated directly, and Wei liaoweng was even more indignant and resigned with illness. At this time, you Zhengyan said that Li Zhixiao impeached Hu Mengyu and demoted him to Lingnan. Wei liaoweng bid farewell to him. Li Zhixiao accused Wei liaoweng of advocating different theories and preparing to write a letter of impeachment, but Shi Miyuan was particularly tolerant. Within two days, Zhu duanchang, a counsellor, impeached him for deceiving the world, stealing fame and slandering the country. The court demoted Wei liaoweng to live in Jingzhou. Soon, Wei liaoweng entered the court again, and Shi Miyuan wanted to win over him. Therefore, Wei liaoweng has been promoted step by step, and did not occupy an important position. In three years, his footprints spread all over the country. At that time, many scholars from Jiangnan, Jinghu and Liangzhe came to seek advice with books on their backs. During this period, Wei liaoweng was hardworking and respectful, and devoted himself to imparting the knowledge of Neo Confucianism. He also wrote the essentials of the nine classics, a total of 263 volumes, which became a better work at that time.

In 1231, Wei liaoweng returned to his post and was in charge of Chongyou temple in Wuyishan.

In the fifth year of shaoding (1232), Wei liaoweng raised the Taiping Xingguo palace in Jiangzhou. Soon, when he learned about Suining, he refused to accept it. Later, he was promoted to Baozhang Pavilion, Tongchuan road pacifier and Luzhou magistrate. Luzhou is a big fan Ping, which controls the border area of 2000 Li, but the military equipment is not repaired, and the city outline is abandoned. In Wei Dynasty, Weng naizou asked to repair the city buildings, walls and battlements of Luzhou, add weapons, train shield hands, declare military discipline, set up schools, exempt taxes, restore social warehouses, build tombs, and build nursing homes. Only a few months after he took office, there was a situation in which all kinds of wastes were flourishing.

Urgent admonishment of Huichao

In 1233, when Shi Miyuan died and Li Zong was in charge, Wei liaoweng was promoted to the Chinese Pavilion and remained in his original post. Since entering the dynasty, Wei liaoweng saw some high officials and dignitaries monopolizing power, abolishing laws and disciplines without rules and regulations, which led to the corruption of the political power. On the way to his post, he pointed out that there were ten disadvantages in current politics, and suggested that LiZong should restore the good tradition to show his attitude. Among his ten proposals for rectifying the government, the second and third are about restoring the laws and regulations of the two governments and restoring the discipline of the capital, so as to gather together and strictly clarify the court platform, and the sixth is about restoring the system of admonishment, so as to openly advance and retreat talents. The ten proposals discussed more than ten thousand words, quoted facts, pointed out the shortcomings of the times, argued right and wrong, emphasized interests, and were deeply inspired and shocked by the reading of LiZong,

Chinese PinYin : Wei Le Weng