Gao Yandi

Gao Yandi

Gao Yandi (1823-1886) was born in Shanyang, Jiangsu Province (now Huai'an City). Daoguang was born in Xincheng in the third year of Qing Dynasty.

Personal profile

Father Shi Kui (1792-1866), the word yingdou, No. Zifeng. Daoguang Jichou (1829) became a scholar. In 1832, he took his family to Sichuan and went to Shu. On behalf of the government of Chengdu, he was appointed to Danling county and Jianzhou. He was promoted to governor of Pengzhou. Gao Shikui was a solid official, concerned about the suffering of the people, and promoted the advantages and eliminated the disadvantages. He personally managed the cashier of Pingtan rice and grain, prevented the erosion of Li Xu, donated money to build a clean school, taught for the students, and followed the four customs. In the winter of 1911 (1851), he returned home from his illness. In February of the next year, he boarded a boat from Langzhong and arrived in Huaihe on April 24. He lived in Xichang street, adjacent to Ding Jianqing (Yan). Xianfeng Yimao (1855) was a lecturer of Kuiwen academy, a professor and apprentice. He attached great importance to the study of Confucian classics. Xu Jia, a famous scholar of Huai'an in the late Qing Dynasty, was a teacher of Kuiwen academy, and Duan chaoduan often visited the school. Xu Jia's Binhua congbi: "it's the teacher's duty to award talents, to foster good people, to be warm as spring, and to return the scholars. "Xu Jing Zhai Shi Cao" is a volume with a broad demeanor and no affectation. "Nancheng reed song" looks up to the present and the past, and its critics are better than Gu Tinglin's huaidong poetry and Wu Meicun's linhuai old prostitute line. " "Teachers do not read books, they are pure academically, they do not use their academic names, and they have no intention of selecting their best friends for poetry." (Duan chaoduan's "chunhuage Wencun · < Ming Shichao >) Bingyin (1866) died of illness in August, and died at the age of 75. He was worshipped in Kuiwen Academy.

Personal life

When he was ten years old, his brother Yan en went to Sichuan with his father. When he was eighteen years old, the outbreak of the opium war shocked him greatly. He once wanted to serve the country in the army, "to drive the territory, life and death is not the plan.". In the winter of this year, my elder brother Yan en died of illness, and Yandi had no one to serve his relatives, so he changed his mind. "To study in an old school is to be practical, and I disdain to include chapters and sentences. The origin and development of the governance of chaos, academic correctness and falsehood, research heart search, without a little ambiguity (Qiu Songsheng's Mr. Gao Xingshu) studied in Sichuan from Chengdu, Mr. Fan Zhupo. His classmates include fan Weichen, fan tinan (the two are the sons of Zhupo), Li fantang (ziyanmo, danlengren) and Bao Yufeng (Huayin ren). They often discuss the current situation together, explore the way to save the world, and write many words criticizing the current situation. in the spring of the first year of Xianfeng (1851), Gao Yandi went from Sichuan to Beijing because of the "dangerous water route in Sichuan, so he was not allowed to go back to Yingjun County for the test", and he did not sell it. "To and fro ten thousand li, the rise and fall of the mountains and rivers and historical sites must linger, and then go." Some poems are recorded in Yongcui Shanfang poetry collection. Gao Yan, in the first place, had a "noble man will have the life of the Lord to test", heard that Yan was the first, and sent someone to "recruit". But Gao Yandi said, "the more the reader has his own points, and the more he pays attention to the people who pay attention to cloth and clothes." Politeness does not go. In 1852, Gao Shikui was dismissed from Sichuan, and then Yandi returned to China. Soon after, he went to Beijing Taixue to study. In the autumn of 1858, he went back to Huaihe with Xu Jia. At that time, the revolutionary fire of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom quickly spread to several provinces in the south of the Yangtze River, and the Nien army activities in the north of the Yangtze River were also very active. The Qing government resorted to "suppressing the bandits" to increase taxes, and the people suffered, which made the place quite restless. "If you don't see a brave enemy, it's in vain to Sao Li Lu.". (two songs of military prosperity) he wrote in "ten songs of continued little girl": "it's said that the general broke the thief, and Yin Qinglei, though he didn't bind Wu Yuanji, carried the geese and ducks in Hexi. (original note: Gong Yaolun, the Zhenjun army, went out to transport the Hexi River and came back after plundering geese and ducks. ）”His poems vividly depict the ugly behavior of Qing army officers and soldiers in the name of "breaking thieves". In the middle of the winter of 1864, after Jiangning was "recovered", it was still not sold in the local examination. In 1866, his father Gao Shikui died of illness, and Gao Yandi was determined to write a book. There are ten thousand volumes in my family's collection, which can distinguish the false from the false Mr. Wang is a person who has been involved in the world, who is independent and independent, and who is able to benefit from the Confucian classics of the Han Dynasty. " As Gao Yan devoted himself to his studies and became a well-known scholar, local officials often visited him and asked him for advice. He "talks about all the things that can be said" and those mediocre officials who have no knowledge, no matter how high their positions are, are all turned away. Wu Tang, the governor of Cao, had close contacts with him. When he was transferred to governor of Sichuan, he was asked to accompany him. Sun Yunjin, the governor of Huai'an, asked him to come out of the mountain to be the "lecturer" of Lizheng Academy. Gao said: "in this world, there is a great need for utilitarianism, and the school has not been prosperous for a long time. What can we do if we are in the name of the speaker and can't help the world to establish religion? " I still have no choice but to say goodbye. In 1872, Cao governor Zhang Zhaodong, Yanding and Yan Zongli compiled Shanyang County annals, including Wu kuntian, Gao Yandi, Ding Shouheng, Wang Chen, Yang dinglai, he Qijie, Lu Zhen and Wang Bin. It was published the following year. In Duan chaoduan's collection of Huai works, there is a saying that In fact, Gao zishang (Yandi), Wu Jiaxuan (kuntian) and Lu Zhongshi (Chen) were the three people, and the others were just listed. He Zizhen (named Shaoji), the chief editor of the book, never asked anything about the compilation of the annals. The teacher of Zhetang (Ding Yan) was old and forgetful. The style of the book is simple and elegant, which is better than the old one In 1882, Cao Du Li Peijing, Huai Yang Haidao GUI Songqing, and Huai'an Prefecture magistrate sun Yunjin decided to compile Huai'an official records. Wu kuntian and Gao Yandi were appointed as the chief editors, while Duan chaoduan and Chen Xunzhi were appointed as the sub editors. Duan chaoduan also wrote in the collection of huaizhu that " To share a number of doors, to dust redundant lead rate, a little compilation, poor also only compiled on the official one. When Jia Weng (Wu kuntian) old disease, Yu Duzi on the first hand. The style regards the old ambition as clean. " He compiled Xuyi county annals with Wang Xiyuan of Xuyi. He died on November 11, the 12th year of Guangxu at the age of 64.

work

Gao Yandi was not satisfied with his fame in his whole life. He was only a "supervisor". However, his knowledge was admired by officials and scholars. The scholar envoy Huang Shulan (named tifang) played a role in the imperial court with his learning, and Gao Yandi got the title of "imperial imperial edict". His works include eight volumes of Huai'an Fu Zhi, Shanyang County Zhi, Xuyi county Zhi, Laozi Zhengyi, Guangyun Chongwen Buzhu, Yongcui Shanfang Ji, gist of the paper, selected modern style poems of Five Dynasties, selected old poems of Shanyang, and suwu simafa Buzhu. Gao Yandi is a famous scholar in Huai'an. He has compiled Huai'an Fu Zhi and Shanyang Xian Zhi all over the world. The author gives a brief introduction to his works, which are Yongcui Shanfang Ji and Laozi Zhengyi. Gao Yandi didn't get an official post in his whole life. However, he was famous for his poems and prose in the countryside. As we all know, this is the last moment when China's feudal society is about to collapse. In the Qing Dynasty, political corruption and foreign aggression became more and more urgent. Despite the lack of national strength and backward technology, the people could not make ends meet, the rulers still had the dream of "Oriental Empire" and were arrogant. The British Cannons opened the door of the feudal empire, but the roar of the cannons did not sober them up. In the face of foreign invasion, although Lin Zexu's generation had the ambition of "fighting against foreigners", they were constrained by various aspects and were unable to return to heaven. The backward productivity and low level of production doomed the Qing Dynasty to failure in the Opium War. Gao Yandi had a profound understanding of this: "it's not sad that the southeast barbarian disaster will happen and the emperor will not be able to resist it. It will be decided by years later. At the beginning, the Chinese people were too proud of Chengping, and they were used to hearing about the noble and humble of the Huayi people. They were arrogant and arrogant. They thought that the island barbarians would not be able to cross the ocean with me in the end. They also heard about the rapidity of the gunboats and did not believe them. They did not discuss the false and real situation of the enemy For the sake of protection The situation of China is as clear as the palm of an outsider's hand. If you don't hear about it here, one or two of the most important officials will bear the expectations of the world, and those who have the ambition of fighting foreigners are not familiar with it. In order to prevent music, and want to Lingzhi gas If you do not know how to secure a lax heart, it is not enough to be a fierce flame; if you use decadent and dull equipment, you can't fight against firm interests. " (after Wang Yicheng's words) the Qing Dynasty's blind optimism and arrogance, "stealing and calming the lax people's hearts" and "decadent and dreary equipment" were indeed the key to the failure of the war. The bewildered rulers of the Qing Dynasty could only "do good to the later" with the compensation of land cutting, and then Gao Yandi wrote sadly: "Wu Hu The gold coin alliance is suitable for self stealing and self laziness, not for long-term safety. There are sixty-four chapters in four volumes of Yongcui Mountain House collection. Gao Yandi studied Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty, inherited Gu Yanwu and Huang Zongxi in the early Qing Dynasty, who said that "learning is valuable and applying is practical". He was determined to "be determined by the people, not determined to go his own way" and quietly completed his journey of life. During the reign of emperor KangQian in Qing Dynasty, most of the intellectuals devoted themselves to exegesis because of the guidance and advocacy of the leaders. The trend of Eight Legged prose gradually flourished, and the trend of "learning for application" gradually declined. Gao Yandi "disdains the study of tie Kuo Zhang Ju", inherits the fine tradition of "learning for application" in ancient China, which is very valuable. The content of the article is "the classics of Han and Tang Dynasties, the name and principle of Yiluo", "down to the common politics of soldiers and peasants, it is said to be clear." His representative works on name and reality and on Li and Shang are indeed rare excellent works handed down from generation to generation. At the beginning of Ming Shi Lun, it is put forward that "what is name? It is called Gong ye, Shang ye, Nong ye and Shi Ye", "what is reality? It is said that Gong ye will be able to rule, hold rope and ink, carry axe and Jin, and make instruments and palaces; Shang ye will be able to pass the high and the low, win in a strange way, and have everything or not, which should be asked by market followers; Nong ye will be able to distinguish the suitable land, know five kinds, know the morning and the evening, cultivate quickly, and get more in the early time; scholars will be able to establish friendship, understand the past and the present, and reach the ruling style, To serve as a meritorious service. " No matter what kind of occupation a person is engaged in, he must be consistent with his "name" and "reality", and "different career is attributed to usefulness". Through a sober observation of the society at that time, Gao Yandi believed that he was engaged in work

Chinese PinYin : Gao Yan Di