Gao Qipei

Gao Qipei

Gao Qipei (1660-1734, a work 1672-1734) was named Wei Zhi. He was named qieyuan, Nancun, shuqiren and Taoist. There were many other names, including outsiders from Shanhaiguan, creators and so on. Tieling (now Liaoning) people, Han people inlaid with yellow flag. Qing Dynasty officials, painters, the founder of finger painting. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, the governor of Suzhou moved to Sichuan Province as an envoy. During the reign of Emperor Yongzheng, he promoted the governor and then left. Gongshi is good at painting. The characters and landscapes he painted are all dark and thick. He is especially good at finger painting, so he did not use pen in his old age.

Life of the characters

Gao Qipei was born in 1660, the 17th year of Shunzhi, Qing Dynasty, and died in 1734, the 12th year of Yongzheng. He was a famous writer (1672-1734). He was 75 years old. The word Wei Zhi, also known as Wei San, is called Qiyuan, or Shu Qiren, also known as Nancun, a native of Tieling (now Liaoning). Gongshi. When he was young, he studied traditional painting. Influenced by Wu Wei, he began to paint with his fingers in his middle age. His paintings of flowers, trees, birds, animals, fish, dragons and figures were simple and vivid. It's fun. He also wrote qieyuan Shichao.

According to the records of Tieling county annals, he was the fifth son of Gao Tianjue, the commander of Qingqi in the Qing and Han Dynasties, who was a descendant of a famous official. Later, because of his elder brother's military achievements, Yongzheng emperor changed the Han Army to set yellow flag. Gao Qipei studied painting at the age of eight. He has been a model painter for more than ten years. When his uncle Gao chengjue was an official in Guangdong, Wu Wei, a teacher in the government of Guangdong, was able to paint with his finger. Gao Qipei was deeply influenced by him. When he was 17 years old, he lost his father and was raised by his uncle Gao chengjue. He did not take the imperial examination. In 1694, Zuyin became the herdsman of Yaozhou. The next year, he became the Minister of Yu. In the 40th year of Kangxi (1701), he was the magistrate of Suzhou. Two years later, he moved to wailang. In the 45th year of Kangxi's reign (1706), he visited wenchudao, Zhejiang Province. Later, he was appointed as the youth sports envoy of the Department, and lost his official position because he owed salt class. In 1715, Gao Qipei returned to his official career and served as the governor of Shuining road in southern Sichuan for six years. In 1720, Gao Qipei was promoted to the post of governor of Sichuan and served in Chengdu. In the first year of Yongzheng (1723), he moved to Guanglu and was promoted to the right Minister of the Ministry of punishment in September. In the second year, he was promoted to be the commander-in-chief of the Han Army in the red flag, and still led the right servant of the Ministry of punishment. In July of 1727, Yongzheng was dismissed from office because of his failure in his tenure as the right servant of the Ministry of punishment. He was 67 years old. Although he lived in a foreign country for a long time and traveled in the official sea, he did not forget his hometown. His paintings were often titled "Tieling gaoqipei finger painting", "Tieling gaoqilang" and "Tieling Gukuang", so people called him "gaotieling".

In his later years, Gao Qipei's finger painting was well-known in North Korea, but he still painted "his nails were so damaged that he sucked blood and burned candles every day.". Yongzheng eight years (1730), Yingzhao Yuanmingyuan Ruyi Museum painting three years, created the "Yangtze River Wanli map" and other fine silk fine brushwork. Gao Bing's "finger painting theory" records that Gao Qipei once painted a portrait of Lu shuntu, the Minister of the Ministry of war, and drew a portrait of Gao and a real person. After the painting was finished, Lu Shun was overjoyed and said, "it's amazing! It's the way to go

Main achievements

Gao Qipei is the teacher of "Yangzhou Eight strange Li Zhen". His artistic talent is outstanding. He can write poems and draw. His paintings of pavilions, figures, flowers and birds, fish and insects on fine silk are exquisite, colorful and exquisite. After copying a large number of works of former celebrities and laying a solid foundation, he created a new road. He boldly created a unique expression technique of "giving up the pen and seeking it from the hand". "Gao Qiyuan is good at finger painting. He paints people, landscapes, flowers and birds, fish and insects, birds and beasts. He is very talented and has a wonderful and interesting feeling. He can get it by hand and pays attention to it all over the world.". Gao Qipei's finger paintings have the magic of "chiding the stone to become a sheep". When he created landscapes, figures, flowers and birds, and animals, he was all ready to "carve dozens of pictures No one can stop The number of paintings he painted in his life was amazing. As his nephew Gao Bing said in his article on finger painting, "from weak crown to seventy, there are no less than 50000 or 60000 pieces.". Unfortunately, most of them have long been lost. In the past, Tieling County Cultural Center had four pieces of bamboo in spring, summer, autumn and winter. Gao Qipei (written by Yang Renkai), published by Shanghai Publishing House, makes a detailed discussion on his life and creative road, and points out that his greatest contribution is: "the new title material and the different structure have a certain influence on the painting art at that time and later."

Gongshi is the author of qieyuan Shichao.

Main works

His works include: "full tiger diagram", "goose goose chart", "angry Zhong Kuei Tu", "Wutong magpie diagram", "Qiu song Mo Hou Tu", "Gao Gang independence map", "rice ear Mantis diagram", "Song Yin Xiao Qi diagram", "finger painting character" volume (ten pages).

Family origin

Gao Shangyi, Gao Qipei's grandfather, lived in Tieling. There is the name of Gao Shangyi in the epitaph of Yongning Temple rebuilt in Fanhe at the end of Ming Dynasty. After Kaiyuan and Tieling were captured by Houjin, Gao Shangyi defected to Houjin and made contributions to Songshan and Xingshan. In the second year of emperor Taiji's Tiancong reign, he was awarded the post of second-class light vehicle captain by military merit. After that, he entered the pass from long and led the Hangzhou garrison at the beginning of Shunzhi. Gao Shangyi "entered the pass from the dragon" and brought out senior officials for the GAOs in Tieling. Among the descendants, such as Gao Tianjue, Gao chengjue, Gao yinjue, Gao xijue, Gao Qiwei, Gao Qiren, Gao Qiyou, Gao Qishen and Gao Qilun were all senior officials of the Qing Dynasty. Gao Tianjue, the son of Gao Shangyi, was Gao Qipei's father. He was a Gongsheng in Tieling and later a bachelor. According to the Qing Dynasty "Guochao xianzhengshi Lue", gongshao read letters, good at riding and shooting, generous and righteous. In 1647, he served as the magistrate of Gaoyuan County in Shandong Province, and soon became the magistrate of Xinyang Prefecture and Changsha Prefecture in Henan Province. In 1659, Gao Qipei was born in Jianchang County, Jiangxi Province. In the 13th year of Kangxi (1674), Gao Tianjue was promoted to Lianghuai salt transportation. He didn't go to the post. It happened that Geng Jingzhong rebelled against Fujian and led the party into Jiangxi. Some people suggested that Gao Tianjue leave here as soon as possible. Gao Tianjue replied, "I've been guarding this land for 16 years, but I can't go as soon as I accept it. I should die for this city ear." so he led dozens of family members to resist the thief Wannian bridge. The Deputy General of the city guards will bring down the thieves, take advantage of the heavenly marquis to fight, bind them from behind and offer them to the thieves. He was sent to Fujian, unyielding and imprisoned. He was killed on September 4, 1676, in the 15th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, for conspiring to meet the Qing army. Later, Gao Tianjue was sent to Taipusi by the imperial court. In 1707, Gao Qipei asked Emperor Kangxi to be his father for a plaque. Kangxi personally wrote a four character plaque, which was hung in Gao's ancestral hall. Later, he applied for his father's posthumous title, and Kangxi granted him the posthumous title of "Zhonglie". His father, Gao Tianjue, was called the loyal Lord. He was worshipped in Zhaozhong temple.

Gao Qipei's elder brother has a high position, and his character is appropriate. At the beginning, it was raised by the pen style. In the 12th year of Kangxi (1673), Wu Sangui was attacked and stationed in Xiangyang. After that, he led the army to resist the rebellion in Yunyang and led the general to fight against Gerdan. In the 39th year of Kangxi (1700), he was awarded deputy general Yongchang of Gansu Province. In 1701, he moved to Xiangyang of Huguang. Kangxi 52 years (1713) promoted Huguang Jiangnan governor, the Department of two river governor. In the third year of Yongzheng (1725), he was granted the Bachelor of wenyuange and the Minister of rites, and the prince Shaofu. Yongzheng five years (1727) in the first month, died, posthumous "Wenke", into the worship of Xianliang temple.

Gao Qimao, the son of Gao yinjue, is a cousin of Gao Qipei. Kangxi 33 years (1694) Jinshi. He was a good scholar and moved to the cabinet. He is good at poetry, calligraphy and painting, and has a collection of memorials and poems handed down from generation to generation. In the 59th year of Kangxi, he was granted the governor of Guangxi. After Yongzheng succeeded to the throne, he was promoted to governor of Yunnan and Guizhou. In the second year of Yongzheng reign, the division was established in Qinghai. In the third year of Yongzheng reign, he was appointed as Minister of the Ministry of war of Jin Dynasty and transferred to the governor of Zhejiang and Fujian provinces. He became the crown prince and Taibao with outstanding reputation.

Chinese PinYin : Gao Qi Pei