Gao Kegong

Gao Kegong

Gao Kegong (1248-1310), with the word Yanjing and the name Fangshan, is the son of sevei (now Uygur nationality). His ancestors came from the western regions. They first settled in Datong, then moved to Yanjing (now Beijing), and their ancestral home was in the western regions (now Xinjiang). He was selected as the official of the Ministry of justice by paying tribute to the history of the Ministry of industry in the capital. He was promoted to the eastern and Western roads of Zhuoshan according to the experience of chasi, and to the southern road of Lihe according to the experience of chasi. He first learned two meters of landscape painting, and later learned Dong Yuan's and Li Cheng's brushwork. He specialized in freehand brushwork. He was also good at ink and bamboo painting, and had excellent attainments in parallel with wenhuzhou.

Life

My grandfather was famous in the Han Dynasty. His father's name was Heng, and his name was Jiafu. He studied Confucian classics and Neo Confucianism, and attached great importance to conduct. He was recommended by officials and celebrities. However, he advocated elegance and was not happy with his official career. In his later years, he retired to Fangshan, the capital city, and gave birth to five sons. Kegong was his eldest son. Influenced by his father in his early years, Kegong studied the profound meaning of Confucian classics, recited it orally and studied it deeply. From 1275, he first filled in the local officials, and later became the head of the household department. He gradually became famous for his elegance between the official officials and Kui Ru Shuo Yan.

In the 22nd and 23rd years of the Zhiyuan Dynasty, Gao Kegong served successively as a judge of criminal investigation in Henan Road and Shandong Xidao road. In the 24th year, he was promoted to the censor of supervision. Taichen said that he was competent in handling affairs, had a good command of laws, and had a good command of principles. The next year, sang Ge was the prime minister, and he was selected as the governor of the right division. The next year, he was sent to the provinces of Jianghuai, and his administration was called "peaceful and forgiving". After returning the capital, he was granted the title of doctor of the Ministry of war. Soon after, sang Ge was executed, and the court called Gao Kegong an expert of duanjie and selected him as the doctor of Jianghuai province. During his term of office, he was a Confucian, dismissed the corrupt administration, and recommended talents. At that time, most of the public fields in the west of Zhejiang Province were false, and Xingsheng ordered Gao Kegong to check them. Ke Gong believes that the south of the Yangtze River transports 4 million tons of grain per year, and Western Zhejiang accounts for two-thirds of the total. There are more than 7.151 million hectares of public land, and 1.3 million tons of grain. The rent of grain is nearly 20 times that of civilian land. The rent of public land is very heavy. The reason is that Jia Sidao seized public land, harassed the people, and the civilian land was limited The public, the officials and the people should pay attention to the good law, not to harass again. His opinion was not adopted. Later, a finance minister was ordered by the court to Hangzhou to manage grain crops and increase taxes in eastern Zhejiang. Ou and Wu areas were deeply disturbed by this. Since the provincial government came into power, they all followed the orders and made promises. However, Gao Kegong thought that this was seriously injuring the people, refused to sign his name and burned a number of manager's books.

Hangzhou recruits people to take care of the official warehouse every year. In case of profiteering, the palace and the Treasury will be wasted, and the people will be unable to repay by selling their children. Gao Kegong, on the other hand, chose a man in the state or county to be the corvee servant of Qian. After one year's service, he was promoted to his post, and the common people were exempt from recruitment. Since then, Hangzhou has taken this as a routine. The tax department often listed instruments of torture in the door to punish tax evaders. Ke Gong summoned tax department officials and asked how much tax revenue was fixed. He replied that it was not enough. Ke Gong said: I will make it clear to my boss, but it is not a competent act to show that this instrument of torture, combined with the threat. The next morning, when I went to the dental department of the tax department, I found that the instruments of torture had gone, but after that, there was a surplus in the tax revenue. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, fire prohibition was still enforced in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Ke Gong believes that civilians rely on manual means to make a living. If it is forbidden to light a fire at night due to frequent fires, then small houses are so small that it is necessary to light a light at night, so they have to try to hide. As a result, fires happen frequently. Therefore, he cancelled the ban, which won the support of the Hangzhou people.

Jianghuai province changed its name to Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and Gao Kegong returned to Zhongshu as a doctor. Yuanzhen two years (1296), promoted to Shanxi and Hebei Daolian visit deputy envoy. In the first year of Dade (1297), Chang Shiwen was elected to serve as the censor of Xingtai in the south of the Yangtze River, and he was also promoted to his post. Most people called him the virtue of humility. Wang Jingfu and Ke Gong shared the same duty of Taiwan and province. They had close friendship and money, but later they became dissolute. They often slandered and embarrassed people when drinking. Ke Gong was not moved, saying that "the interest of respecting father is still high, so we should not abandon it with minor mistakes", and strongly recommended it to the court. During his term of office, he suggested that the imperial court issued imperial edicts and discussed the implementation of the Gongju law. However, the powerful officials sold their officials for personal gain, drew others from the same class and hindered its implementation, resulting in the lack of talents in the world. Therefore, the Gongju law should be implemented immediately. He also talked about the school, the selection of talents, the elimination of redundant officials, the increase of officials' salaries, and the caution of punishment and imprisonment. He was always at odds with others, but only the censor agreed with him. In the third year of Dade's reign, he was transferred to be the Minister of the Ministry of industry, and then became a direct academician of the Imperial Academy.

In the sixth year of Dade, he was granted the official minister. The following year, after the great earthquake in Hedong (today's Shanxi), Gao Kegong was sent to Pingyang to relieve hunger and bury to death. He tried unjust cases and rehabilitated himself. In the eighth year of Dade, he was the Minister of the Ministry of punishment. Some people accused the censor of perverting the law when asking a case, and Yuan Chengzong ordered a case to be put on file. In order to avoid involvement, the officials who jointly handled the case with the censor took sides with the complainants one after another, so the censor pleaded guilty. Although he was pardoned later, he still discussed adding punishment. Gao Kegong had a deep insight into the matter, and insisted that the joint clerks should be guilty of the same crime as the censor, and his words were inconsistent with the ruling intention. However, during the court debate, he never changed his original intention. After he was promoted to minister of the Ministry of punishment, he also suggested that the cultivation of penalty was originally an auxiliary means to educate humanity, and humanity was no greater than the order of monarchs and ministers, fathers and sons, couples and brothers. Now, the crime of son accusing his father, the crime of woman accusing her husband, the crime of brother testifying against her brother, the crime of slave suing his master, the crime of torture and plunder, and the crime of great damage to the morals should be banned. There are also prisoners in custody, who die in prison at least a few hundred times a year. All these prove that the administration of the country is hindered by the harmony of yin and Yang and needs to be improved. In the Ministry of punishment, he discussed with the same officials and refused to make peace with them. Soon, he was appointed the manager of Daming Road.

When he returned to the capital in February 1310, he felt cold and died in early September. A son name cabinet, once served as secretary, author Lang.

Painting achievement

Ke Gongsheng is magnanimous and easy-going. He is at a loss with the world. When he meets a confidant, he will make friends with him and never doubt it. There are two hectares of farmland in Fangshan. Besides, there is no money left. As a Semu family, he had a high level of Chinese culture. Before his death, he was buried in Zhuwen public law. Undoubtedly, he was a representative of Chinese culture. When he was an official in the south, he loved the landscape of Qiantang. In his spare time, he called his caddies to carry wine and climb mountains with his staff for days. The painting is famous for its landscape and ink bamboo, as well as LAN Hui Mei Ju. He learned from Er Zhu, Dong Yuan, Li Cheng and Ju ran, and from Huang Hua. The poet of the time said: "who is proud of modern Danqing? There is Zhao in the South and Wei in the north." ②, opposite to Zhao Mengfu in the north and south, he was the leader of a generation of painting circles. Later generations have said: "who was the first to draw bamboo in the former dynasty, and Gao Gongmiao was the best in Shangshu.". Landscape is the main fashion of the generation, the so-called "picture of the world, green mountains and white clouds, the rate is still high Fangshan". When he was an official in Jiangnan, he often made friends with famous scholars such as Li Zhongfang, Liang Gongfu, Xian yuboji, Liu Guan and Yu Ji to exchange skills. He was especially close to Zhao Mengfu and often cooperated with him. Xia Wenyan, the author of the treasure book of painting, said that his paintings are "strange rocks and waves, beaches and water outlets, drying locks and splashing dye, and the author is fresh". It can be seen that he likes to use ink splashing for freehand brushwork with both style and spirit. After his death, a piece of ink was worth hundreds of thousands of yuan. Therefore, there were many authors who deliberately copied it, and there were many counterfeits handed down from generation to generation. Zhao Mengfu once wrote a poem in the painting of Mo Zhu Po Shi: "gaohou started his business, while Yuli was in the misty rain. How many people in the world can understand this, Xiao Han and Bi Qi autumn wind. "

Literary achievements

At the same time, he has both the name of poetry, the style of poetry "surpassing the spirit and rhyme", and a school of extraordinary beauty. 6. Yuanwenlei selects five poets from the western regions, and his poems are second only to mazuchang in quantity. Besides, he is also good at appreciating calligraphy, famous paintings and ancient objects. The anthologies include Fangshan anthologies (Selected Poems of the Yuan Dynasty), gaoshangshu anthologies (Research on Shigutang paintings, with Wang Shixi's postscript) and Gaowen Jiangong anthologies (bibliography of qianqingtang).

Selected works

Poetry

Send a friend

》

Parallel along the embankment step late sunny, wild incense traction Lin Jiong.

But it was a dream of Jiangnan. I found the Xicao night hall.

《

Go to Xinzhou

》

Two thousand miles to the beautiful landscape, countless Begonia official road side.

The wind sent the red horse off, spring is busier than passers-by.

Instant two

Jiming on the horse, Daixing also, neighboring people meet difficult.

Once Acacia look back, two thousand miles away to see each other.

To the master of England

For love poetry lazy meditation, five lakes to buy fishing boats.

When he was looking for clouds, he was either beside the plum or beside the water.

"The bamboo nest painting of Madame Tiguan"

Cloud tip dew leaf autumn sound ancient, ten thousand jade Cong deep green Jiao dance.

This gentleman plans to knot the year cold alliance, stands the misty rain with wat mutually.

After rain mountain window slanting sun, with smoke frost Festival is always suitable for autumn.

The frozen thunder burst out a thousand cliff emeralds.

Zhao Zi'ang's spring scenery imitating Xiao Li for yuan Qingrong

The spring forest is like a dye decorated brook, and several secluded dwellings lie on the blue peak.

It's not that the two Wengs have been in love for a long time, and the white clouds have never met.

Gao Kegong is a famous poet and painter in Yuan Dynasty. The word Yanjing, Fangshan, Hui. His ancestors were from the western regions, and later moved eastward to Datong, Shanxi, China. Some literati friends of the Yuan Dynasty have described the image of Gao Kegong. Zhu Derun said, "the Marquis of gaohou is a long bearded guest in Huihe, spitting ice Wan as autumn color." Zhang Yu: "I know Fangshan purple bearded old man, Yahao Shanze is fond of wine." There are also "the high Marquis of the western regions loves the mountain, so the king looks at each other because of the ice and snow"; "the talented people of the western regions draw like poems, and the clouds and mountains are full of ink" and "the high envoy of Fangshan is the outstanding talent of the western regions". Wubodushi was the son-in-law of Gao Kegong. His father, haruddin, was a professor of Huihui national studies in the Yuan Dynasty. He also wanted to be a non literate man.

Gao Kegong was intelligent and eager to learn when he was young. He adhered to family learning, studied hard and read classics and history. The 12th year of Yuan Zhi Yuan (1275)

Chinese PinYin : Gao Ke Gong