Ma Zhongxi

Ma Zhongxi

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Ma Zhongxi (1446-1512) was an official and writer in Ming Dynasty. The word Tianlu, Dongtian, ancestral capital, ancestors to avoid war in the early Ming Dynasty moved to the old city (now Hebei old city) county. In the 11th year of Chenghua, he was a Jinshi and a censor. Taking military affairs as the court's crime, he died in prison. Li Mengyang, Kang Hai, and Wang Jiusi once studied under him. He is the author of Dongtian collection.

brief account of the author's life

Cry for your father

Mazhongxi's ancestral home is Dadu (today's Beijing area). In the early Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, the ancestors of Ma moved from Dadu to Gucheng County of hejianfu, and later settled in Mazhuang (today's dongmazhuang, Xiazhuang Township, Gucheng County). My grandfather Ma Xian presented it to the right deputy censor of ducha yuan. Ma Wei, his father, was once the governor of the Tang Dynasty. Because his direct admonition violated Wang's will, he was put in a prison car and escorted to the capital. His family was also detained. Ma Zhongxi was not arrested because he was young. He went to the imperial envoy's office to complain. The censor told Wang about it, and finally his family was released. Later, Ma Zhongxi was ordered by his mother to go to the capital to plead for wrongs, and finally made his father plead for wrongs. Ma Wei finally went to Chuzhou Prefecture of Zhejiang Province.

Ups and downs of official life

In 1474, Ma Zhongxi was the first to take part in the rural examination of senior high school. In 1475, Ma Zhongxi became a Jinshi and gave the criminal law to Shizhong. At that time, Wantong, the younger brother of Princess Wan, relied on her elder sister's power and was arrogant and illegal. Ma Zhongxi impeached twice and was punished twice outside the Meridian Gate. However, he still had the nature of being jealous of evil. Eunuchs Wang Zhi and Liang Fang committed many crimes, and Ma Zhongxi exposed them in Shangshu. He failed to be promoted for nine years because he repeatedly exposed the illegal acts of powerful people. After investigation of his achievements, he finally transferred to Yunnan Qianshi, Shaanxi Qianshi, and vice minister of supervision. Hongzhi five years (1492), called for Dali youshaoqing. Nanjing garrison eunuch Jiang Cong, army doctor Lou Xing and commander Shi Wentong exposed each other, implicating hundreds of people. Zhongxi, together with Zhao Zhong, the eunuch of Si Li, soon came to the conclusion that Lou Xing was removed from his name and Jiang Cong was sentenced to jail. Soon he was promoted to the rank of right deputy capital censor and governor Xuanfu. During his term of office, Ma Yi, a corrupt and fatuous general officer, was impeached and removed from office, and the following private armies were removed and incorporated into the army. The border bandits once attacked the border, and Ma Zhongxi led the army to defeat them. During his three years in office, he left his hometown because of illness and lived in seclusion in the old city for seven years.

After emperor Wuzong ascended the throne in the first year of Zhengde (1506), the officials of the Ming Dynasty took turns to play "fan shisan Shu" and asked for the appointment of Ma Zhongxi. At that time, Liu Jin's confidant and Liaodong's eunuch Zhu Xiu were good at opening official stores, dominating the horse market and making a fortune. Ma Zhongxi was impeached when he found out the crime. Liu Jin was very angry and ordered to transfer him to work in Nanjing industry department the next year. Ma Zhongxi left his post again and returned home. In order to put him to death, Liu Jin lied about his "invasion and theft of the border reserve", arrested Ma Zhongxi and put him in prison in Beijing, and took him to Liaodong in a prison car to humiliate him wantonly. When he appeared in Liaodong County in shackles, the vast number of soldiers and civilians witnessed the rampant treachery and the fall of Zhongliang, and mutinied under the county government and the city. In order to take the overall situation into consideration, Ma Zhongxi explained the reason to the siege crowd, so that the turmoil could be calmed down. Liu Jin did not dare to punish Ma Zhongxi's death after hearing the news. He just stripped him of his official position and made him return home to "think about his faults".

Ma Zhongxi returned home in depression for the third time. On his way back by boat, he was filled with emotion, so he wrote a poem "giving back"

The south wind on the river sent the North ship, and Jiu ordered him to return to the field again.

I have more than 8000 days in office, which is more than six years old.

Jianguo Danfeng CI que, the hometown of Huang Ju to fence side.

There's nothing in the bag, but the store man.

Unjust death in prison

In 1510, Liu Jin fell out of favor and was killed. Ma Zhongxi came out of the mountain again and was granted the title of the left Deputy censor of the duchayuan. In March of that year, a peasant uprising led by Liu Liu and Liu Qi broke out in Hebei Province. The rebel army cut off the pass and captured the city, which was invincible and shook the capital. Wuzong dispatched troops from Mazhong to destroy the rebels. Ma Zhongxi knew that the peasants' disorder was caused by the abuse of corrupt officials. Therefore, on the one hand, he suppressed by force, and on the other hand, he urged to appease. He personally brought wine and food to Liu Liu Liu and Liu Qi's camp to "comfort him sincerely". The leaders of the rebel army also admired Ma Zhongxi and agreed not to invade the family of madutang in the old city. As a result, the court to attack Ma Zhongxi sycophants with eloquence, one after another on the Shu impeachment, saying that his "home so longitudinal thief.". The court believed in slander and sent it to the capital for the crime of "perpetrating thieves". In the seventh year of Zhengde (1512), Ma Zhongxi died in prison before he was judged.

Injustice undone

In the 11th year of Zhengde (1516), Lu Yong, the censor, pursued Xi Yuan in the lawsuit and said: "the thief was actually willing to surrender, but Xu Chengfang, the money officer, was worried about it and secretly asked for more troops. He was suspicious of the thief's intentions. When the thief was asked to surrender again, he just arrived at the gate of the army, and Ma Zhongxi's car was on the way The imperial court then restored the official position of Ma Zhongxi, offering sacrifices and shade. Jiajing nine years (1530), title worship Xiangxian temple, Xuanfu military and civilian built Zhaode temple. The people of the old city also built a special temple for him. Until the period of the Republic of China, the relics still exist.

Literary achievements

Ma Zhongxi is good at prose, he can not rely on his family and stand on his own. His fable "the legend of the wolf in the middle mountain" describes that Mr. Dongguo saves the wolf with a "universal love" heart and is in danger of being hurt by the wolf. It shows that we should never speak of kindness or have any illusions about the villains like wolves. It is said that this work satirizes Li Mengyang's kindness of being rescued by Kanghai (i.e., the biography of Zhongshan wolf was written by Yao he in Tang Dynasty or Xie Liang in Song Dynasty, but Ma Zhongxi only revised it). "The legend of Coyote" is gorgeous and beautiful, the story is thought-provoking, loved by later generations. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was adapted many times and put on the stage. In modern times, it has been put on the screen. Ma Zhongxi is also a worker of poetry. His poetry is good at describing scenery, especially expressing his feelings and lamenting the rise and fall of the country. After Ma Zhongxi's death, his son Ma Shiyan compiled his poems and essays into six volumes of Dongtian manuscripts, which are preserved today. Sun Xu of Tongyi wrote a preface to his collection, saying that his poems were worse than those of Xu Hun of Tang Dynasty, and the better were Liu Changqing and Lu guimeng. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Jia Tang, a native, published another 15 volumes of Dongtian collection.

Historical records

The 75th Ma Zhongxi in 187 biographies of Ming history

Ma Zhongxi, the word Tianlu, is a native of the old city. Fu Wei, a long history of the Tang Dynasty, remonstrated against the king, sent his weapons to the capital, and did his best to his family. In order to avoid the young, Zhongxi ran to sue the censor. The censor spoke to the king and explained his family. Fu Feng's mother went to the capital to complain, but his father got white and ended up in the prefecture magistrate. Zhongxi ranked first in Chenghua's ten-year rural examination. Next year, it will become a Jinshi and give the criminal division to Shizhong. Wan Guifei's younger brother is arrogant, and then he is spared and scolded, and then he is held by the staff. The princess invaded the fields of the capital and returned them to the people. He also tried to impeach Wang Zhi for his crime of violating the law. He was the Vice Minister of Shaanxi Province.

Hongzhi five years, called for Dali right Shaoqing. Jiang Cong, the Nanjing garrison eunuch, criticizes Lou Xing, a doctor in the Army Department, and Shi Wentong, the commander of the Army Department. Zhongxi, together with the eunuch Zhao Zhong of Si Li, went there, and the news came true. Cong was sentenced to jail. He promoted the right deputy capital censor and the governor Xuanfu. Impeached Ma Yi, the corrupt commander in chief, and turned to be a private Sergeant under the garrison. If the enemy tries to break the border, the governor will be defeated. It is recommended by Chinese and foreign friends.

Emperor Wuzong ascended the throne and began to pacify Liaodong. He also stationed land in the army and impeached Zhu Xiu, the eunuch of the town, for the crimes of setting up an official shop and being good at horse market. In the first year of Zhengde, he joined the Ministry of war. At the beginning of Liu Jin's ambition, his party Zhu Ying made contributions to hundreds of people. Yan Zhongyu, the book of history, made it, but Zhongxi could not. Jin Dahui, the Chinese government aims to reform the Nanjing Ministry of industry. Next year, he will become an official. In the winter, he was arrested by imperial edict and sent weapons to Liaodong to compensate for the rotten millet. Over age, denounce for the people. Jin Zhu, Fu Datong. It is well-known for its incorruptible officials who have been responsible for the corruption. In March of the sixth year, Liu Liu, the thief, and so on, Yang Yiqing, the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs, suggested that the minister should be sent to control the Taoist soldiers. He recommended Zhongxi as the commander in chief of military affairs of the right capital, and together with huianbo and Zhang Wei, he banned the army to the south.

Liu has six favourites and his younger brother, seven Chen, is also from Wen'an. He is brave and good at riding and shooting. First of all, there is a company suffering from theft, called Chong, Chen and his party Yang Hu, Qi Yanming, etc. to arrest, frequent meritorious. Liang Hongzheng, a member of Liu Jin's family, bribed Yu Chong, who was not allowed to be framed as a thief. He sent Ning Gao and Liu Shangyi to capture them and break their homes. Pet and so on are Zhang Mao. Maojia high-rise heavy house, Fubi deep cellar, Su Zhao fled for the Lord. The eunuch Zhang Zhong and his neighbor, Mao Jie, were brothers. Ma Yongcheng, Gu Dayong and Yu jingdai got to go in and out of the leopard room, served the emperor and played Cuju, while Chengjian was a thief. The latter was defeated by Hejian general yuan Biao. Mao is embarrassed and asks Yu Zhong for help. They are loyal to wine and private, and invite Mao and Biao to sit in the East and West. When he was drunk, he raised the cup with the name of Biao, and said, "Yan Shi, my younger brother, I have never been in trouble since now." He also raised the cup, which belonged to Mao, and said, "Mr. Yuan is good at it. You should be careful not to invade the river." Biao is only afraid of loyalty. Mao was captured by Ning Gao, and Chong and other officials led him to surrender to Beijing. Loyalty and immortality became a request to the emperor, and said: "must offer ten thousand gold is amnesty." Pet, Chen can't do, escape. After Jin Zhu, there was an imperial edict to surrender himself. A good official is a good one. The Ministry of war pardoned him and ordered him to be arrested. Pet, such as fear to bundle, not a few rebellious. When the party members arrived, they fell into the city and killed the generals.

Zhongxi and others were ordered to leave the army, defeated the thief in Zhangde, defeated Hejian, and entered the zuodou imperial censor. However, the thief is blazing, and the generals are afraid and cowardly. They dare not take the lead or tie up with him. Sang Yu, the general, met the thief in Wen'an village. Pet, Chen embarrassed Cu, jump people's upstairs, want to cry. Yu Su was bribed by thieves, so it was postponed. In a moment, Yanming arrived with a broadsword, killing dozens of people and shouting downstairs. Pet, Chen know to save, out, shot several people. Yu was defeated. General song Zhenyu's thief, Zaoqiang, failed to deliver a single shot, so the city fell and 7000 people died.

At that time, Chong and Chen invaded Shandong and Henan from Jifu, then went south to Huguang and arrived in Jiangxi. From south to north, we can see Bazhou. Yang Hu and others entered Shanxi Province from Hebei Province, and returned to Wen'an in the East. They joined with Chong and others and broke the city

Chinese PinYin : Ma Zhong Xi