Tao Zongyi

Tao Zongyi

Tao Zongyi (1329 ~ about 1412) was born in Huangyan, Taizhou, with the name of Jiucheng. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, he was a writer and historian. He studied hard since childhood, read a lot of books, learned a lot, and was good at painting and calligraphy.

The idiom "Jiye Chengshu" tells the story of Tao Zongyi.

From the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Tao Zongyi avoided the chaos of Songjiang Huating, and wrote notes after farming. From the end of the Yuan Dynasty to the end of the Zheng Dynasty, more than 580 articles were collected by his students, and they were compiled into 30 volumes of "the record of stopping farming", or "the record of stopping farming in Nancun", which recorded the anecdotes, the system of laws and regulations of the Yuan Dynasty, and the situation of peasant uprisings in Southeast China. His works include Nancun Poetry Anthology (Volume 4), guofengzunjing (Volume 1), canglangpuge (Volume 1), shushihuiyao (Volume 9), sishubeiyi (Volume 2), seal examination (Volume 1), Chunhua tiekao (Volume 1), Lanting Tiemu (Volume 1) and Shuo Ying (volume 100).

Tao Zongyi is the first authoritative book on the history of books in China.

Life of the characters

According to historical records, Tao Zongyi is the 13th grandson of Tao's ancestor Taihe Gong. He was born in the old house of xiatao village, fengjiang street, where he spent his youth. Tao Zongyi (1329 ~ about 1412) entered the family of Fei Xiong, who was a grain carrier in Songjiang city. He lived with his wife Yuanzhen in the South Village of Sijing, where he built a thatched cottage and taught. From then on, he abandoned the imperial examination and declined the recommendation of Zhejiang Shuai Tai Buhua, Nantai censor Chou Lu and Taiwei Zhang Shicheng. After school, he cultivates the land and works hard. He is known as "a person who is honest and upright, always in Chongqing." In the spare time of teaching, I talked with my disciples about the past and the present, and got what I got. I recorded the leaves, stored them in the urn, buried them under the tree, accumulated ten urn in 10 years, and then asked the disciples to dig them out for sorting out and copying. I got 30 volumes of the book, which is called "stopping farming record". In the 26th year of Zhizheng period (1366), it was compiled into 30 volumes of "records of farming in Nancun", recording the historical materials of the Yuan Dynasty, such as the laws and regulations, arts and culture anecdotes, opera poems, customs and customs, peasant uprisings, etc. After middle age, there are a large number of poems expressing homesickness. There is a sentence that "the scenery is not different, the sound of the country is far away, the dream goes back to the boat of Zhejiang at night", "the Fu goes back to Taizhou at night", and the poem that goes back to the hometown to worship and sweep says: "the river and the Han Dynasties are long-distance passenger flow, the first tombs look back, the tears are pouring." On the other hand, Tao Zongyi thinks that nuns and nuns can't enter women's boudoirs at will, so as to prevent "three aunts and six women" from communicating inside and outside and bringing about adultery. In the fourth and sixth years of Hongwu (1371 and 1373) of Ming Dynasty, the imperial court issued an imperial edict to recruit Confucians, and the magistrate recommended them twice. Tao Zongyi said with sick words: "it's not OK to be the father of nests, to be Xu you, to be Yan Ziling, to strike the earth and sing songs, to think that the grass people are peaceful." Song Lian said: "90% of the meaning, that a family can not be all officials, afraid of obstructing the road to the virtuous, so force words." He was an instructor in his later years. In March of 1396, the 29th year of Hongwu, he led the students to the Ministry of rites in Nanjing. Many of them passed the examination, and the Emperor gave them money. In the first year of Jianwen (1399), the temple was full of children and grandchildren, and Chongyang wrote a poem: "the festival of Chongyang is the same in ancient and modern times, and the old me is miserable and I have endless thoughts. When I'm drunk and I'm pregnant with my brother and sister, I don't know that the black hat is falling from the West. " He died in Songjiang in 1412.

personal works

Tao Zongyi left more than ten works for posterity, among which Shuo Ying was included in Yongle canon, and Ji Ye Cheng pian in Nan Cun Tuo Geng Lu was selected into contemporary primary school Chinese teaching materials. Many works were studied by scholars and experts from Zhejiang Academy of Social Sciences and Zhejiang University, and were collected in Taiwan Museum and Jilin Museum. Tao Zongyi is a famous historian and litterateur in Chinese history. His works include nine volumes of Shushi Huiyao, a collection of inscriptions on gold and stone tablets, a study of calligraphy theory and history, a collection of 617 famous works from Han, Wei, song and Yuan Dynasties, and a compilation of 100 volumes of Shuo Ying. He also wrote four volumes of Nancun poetry anthology and two volumes of four books, as well as ancient Tang Lei Yuan, Cao mang private ride, you zhi sequel, Gu Ke Cong Chao, Yuan's Ye Ting Ji, Jin Dan Mi Yu, Canglang fan Ge, Guo Feng Zun Jing, Chunhua tie Kao, etc. He was a book collector in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. Ninety percent, South Village. Huang Yan moved to Shanghai from Huangyan and lived in the south of Sijing. In the sixth year of Hongwu (1373), he was knowledgeable in poetry and prose, good at calligraphy, poor in family, self-supporting in professor. He was once an instructor in Hongwu of Ming Dynasty. His works are very rich. In his later years, he had a good collection of books. The name of the building is "South Village thatched cottage". Extensive search of ancient books, especially more fine copies. The Shuo Ying series collected 617 kinds of books, including many uncommon novels at that time, many of which were handed down by this book. There are 108 kinds of bibliographies cited at the end of the book, which shows the essence of the book. In addition, there are 26 kinds of works, such as Nancun zhuogeng Lu, Nancun poetry anthology, four books left, ancient Tang Lei Yuan, Cao mang private ride, you zhi sequel, Gu Ke Cong Chao, Yuan's Ye Ting Ji, Jindan secret language, Canglang Zhuge, Guofeng Zunjing and Chunhua tiekao. He has printed 9 volumes of Book History Huiyao and 1 volume of supplement, including 174 volumes of Beitang shuchao by Yu Shinan of Tang Dynasty, 6 volumes of Baishi Taoist songs by Jiang Kui of Song Dynasty and 1 volume of other collections, and 8 volumes of Baiyun Ci by Zhang Yan of Song Dynasty.

Anecdotes and allusions

persevere

In the song and Yuan Dynasties, there was a man named Tao Zongyi who insisted on studying hard since he was a child. Even when he was working in the field, he didn't forget to read. There is no paper in the field. Whenever he thinks of, sees or hears something, he immediately picks up the leaves and records them. When he goes home, he stores them in a large earthen jar, and when they are full, he buries them under the tree. In this way, day after day, year after year, more than ten cans of leaves have been accumulated in ten years. Some people asked why Tao Zongyi did this, he said: "learning should be persistent." Later, he opened the pots one by one, took out the accumulated leaves, reorganized and revised them, and finally wrote a 30 volume record of stopping farming. Chuo Geng Lu recorded the political, economic, cultural and other aspects of the song and Yuan Dynasties, and became an important material for later generations to study the history of the song and Yuan Dynasties.

Character controversy

The time of Tao Zongyi's birth and death is not recorded in Ming history, Huangyan county annals and Songjiang Prefecture annals. According to the biography of Mr. Tao Nancun in cangluoji written by sun, a beginner of the Ming Dynasty, Mr. Tao Nancun said: "Mr. Tao's mind is full of essence and quality, but he is extraordinary. If he does not win, he will give up." When did you take the entrance examination? After the painting of Nancun thatched cottage by Wang Meng, the four great painters of the Yuan Dynasty (and Tao Zongyi are cousins in China), there is a hermit Zhang Shu's title "Nancun Fu and preface": "if you want to be famous in the 20th century and write about the affairs of the world, you should not brush your clothes. He returned to Tiantai (Huangyan) to guard Xianlong, shikouzhai to his hometown, and returned to Fuke, so he stayed in Yunjian (Songjiang) It shows that at the age of 20, Tao Zongyi failed in the entrance examination because he was taboo by the examiners for being frank about political affairs. "Shikou" refers to Fang Guozhen's uprising at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. According to the records of emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, Fang Guozhen's uprising took place in November of the eighth year of the reign of emperor Zhizheng of the Yuan Dynasty According to "xuzizhitongjian · Yuanji 25", there were eight candidates in guimao in March of the eighth year of Zhizheng Tao Zongyi took part in the examination, but failed. After he failed, "he will return to Tiantai to guard Xianlong", because his hometown Qingyang pottery is several miles away from Fang Guozhen's hometown Yangyu. So "return to Fuke, then stay in the clouds." In this year, Tao Zongyi was 20 years old. According to the calculation, Tao Zongyi was born in 1329, the second year of the Yuan Dynasty. According to the history of Ming Dynasty, Tao Zongyi led all the students to the Ministry of rites to read the Dagao in his 29th year of Hongwu's life. He gave the money back and died for a long time In the collection of poems of Nancun, it is said in the poem "I am ugly on October 28. I got the voice of Lin Xu, a native of the village, who told me that my brother's dream is not in the way, and I don't know the moon, the sun, and the earth." the poem says: "it's 12 years since I met each other in Baixia. The world is old, and the wind and rain are lonely. " "Jichou" is the seventh year of Yongle (1409). This is the last poem to mark the time in Nancun poetry collection. According to the history of Chen Meigong's calligraphy and painting, Wang Mian wrote an inscription for Tao Zongyi's painting of flying white bamboo in the early Ming Dynasty, saying that Tao lived at least ten years after Yongle.

Commemoration of later generations

In 2004, Luqiao District government established the "Tao Zongyi Memorial Hall" in Shibang mountain. In 2009, the Tao people spontaneously donated 350000 yuan to establish the "hometown of Tao Zongyi" in xiatao old house, where Tao Zongyi was born. In 2012, "the hometown of Tao Zongyi" was listed as the second batch of cultural relics protection sites in Luqiao District of Taizhou City (luwenguangxin [2012] No. 66).

Chinese PinYin : Tao Zong Yi