Liu youqiu

Liu youqiu

Liu youqiu (655-715) was born in Wuqiang County, Jizhou (now Wuqiang County, Hebei Province). The Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty.

Wu Zhou period, Jinshi background, granted Chaoyi County captain. He made friends with Li Longji, king of Linzi, took part in the coup d'etat of Tang Dynasty, and supported emperor Ruizong of Tang Dynasty. He successively served as the minister Youcheng, the Minister of household affairs, the minister and the Minister of the state of Xu, and was awarded the title of Duke Xu. In the first year of Xiantian, he planned to kill Princess Taiping and was exiled to Lingnan. After the coup d'etat, he returned to the central court and was granted the title of prime minister Zuo Jianxiao and supervisor Huangmen. Not reconciled with Zhongshu, Yao Chong was reduced to Prince Shaobao. With complaints in mind, the governor of muzhou and Hangzhou was released.

In the third year of Kaiyuan (715), he was awarded the governor of Chenzhou. He died of illness on the way to his post. At the age of 61, he was given the Minister of rites and posthumous title of literature. He was buried in Fengtai Village, Songzhuang Town, Mengjin County, Luoyang. During the three years of emperor Dezong's founding, he gave it to situ.

Life of the characters

Early deeds

Liu youqiu participated in the examination during the reign of Emperor Wu Zetian, and was appointed as the county captain of Langzhong. He was despised by the governor, so he abandoned his official position and was later awarded the county captain of Chaoyi.

As prime minister

In 710 (the first year of Jingyun), empress Wei intended to usurp the throne and poison emperor Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty. She changed Li chongmao, the king of Wen, into emperor, and was in court to listen to the emperor. Liu youqiu and Li Longji, the king of Linzi, secretly planned to launch the Tang Long coup with Zhong Shaojing, Ma Sizong, Xue Chongjian and others. After entering the palace to kill Wei, he issued more than 100 imperial edicts. The next day, Li chongmao appointed Li Dan, the prime minister, as the assistant minister, and made Li Longji king of Ping. Liu you asked to be promoted to Zhongshu Sheren, to learn about government affairs, to become prime minister, and to give him the title of Zhongshan County man. Soon after, Li Dan accepted Li chongmao's throne and ascended to the throne for emperor Ruizong of Tang Dynasty. Liu youqiu, acting as Youcheng, was still the prime minister, and was granted the title of Yinqing Guanglu and Xu Guogong. At that time, Li Longji had made great contributions to the construction. All the officials proposed to be the crown prince, and Li Chengqi, the eldest son of the emperor, also strongly requested. Liu you said, "I heard that those who eradicate the world's calamities should enjoy the world's blessings. King Ping saved the country and the monarch was in danger. He was the most meritorious and virtuous. He should be the crown prince. " Then emperor Ruizong of Tang Dynasty made Li Longji the crown prince. In 711 (the second year of Jingyun), Liu you asked to be dismissed from office and became the Minister of the Ministry of household affairs. Soon after, he was transferred to the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs. In October of the same year, Liu you begged to enter the service. Emperor Ruizong of Tang Dynasty also granted him the privilege of saving him from death ten times, and allowed his descendants to inherit the title of Duke Xu from generation to generation.

Exile in Lingnan

In 712 (the first year of Xiantian), Li Longji, the crown prince, succeeded to the throne as Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and respected emperor Ruizong of the Tang Dynasty. Liu youqiu thought that the credit was above the officials, and that Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty would appoint him as the minister Zuo pushe and the commander of Zhongshu. Unexpectedly, Tang Xuanzong appointed Dou huaizhen as Zuo pushe and Cui Shi as Zhongshu Ling, while Liu youqiu was Shangshu's right pushe and tongzhongshu's junior. In his heart, the injustice and resentment are in color. at that time, the power of Princess Taiping fell to the government and the opposition, and most of the prime ministers went out of their doors. Liu youqiu plans to lead the Yulin army to kill Princess Taiping with general Zhang Wei of youyulin, and asks Zhang Weimi to report to Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty: "dou huaizhen, Cui Shi, Cenxi and others all rely on Princess Taiping to become prime ministers, and they plan to do wrong day and night. If your majesty does not get rid of them as soon as possible, how can the emperor be safe once the incident suddenly happens! I have worked out a plan with Liu you. I'll wait for your Majesty's order. " Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty thought it was. After that, Zhang Wei revealed the plot to Tang guangbin. When Tang Xuanzong learned that he was very scared, he quickly listed the crimes of Liu youqiu and others and reported them to Tang Ruizong. Liu youqiu was sent to prison. Before long, the law department played: "Liu you asked to alienate the emperor's close relatives, should be sentenced to death." Tang Xuanzong pleaded with Ruizong for Liu you's meritorious service to the state, hoping to exonerate him from his capital crime. Emperor Ruizong of the Tang Dynasty exiled Liu you to Lingnan, and Zhang Wei and Deng guangbin were also exiled. After Liu youqiu was exiled, Cui ordered Guangzhou governor Zhou Lizhen to kill him. On learning of the conspiracy, Wang Lei, the governor of Guizhou, detained Liu youqiu in Guizhou and ignored Zhou Lizhen's request for Liu youqiu's official documents. Later, Cui Shi put pressure on Wang several times to send Liu youqiu away. Wang Bi still ignored, and Liu you begged to be spared.

Die in anger

In 713 (the first year of Kaiyuan), Emperor Xuanzong launched a coup to kill Princess Taiping. Liu youqiu was recalled to the imperial court, promoted to doctor Jin ziguanglu, Minister Zuo pushe, Shangzhu state, and participated in military affairs. In December, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty changed the official system. Liu youqiu was appointed Prime Minister Zuo of Shangshu and supervisor of Huangmen. He was soon dismissed as prime minister and changed to Prince Shaobao. In 714 (the second year of Kaiyuan), Yao Chong played the emperor, claiming that Liu youqiu was depressed and unhappy as a casual official and complained. Tang Xuanzong then dismissed Liu Yu as a governor of the state of Hangzhou, and cut off six hundred seals, and later transferred them to the provincial governor. In 715 (the third year of Kaiyuan), Liu youqiu was transferred to Chenzhou. Angry, he died on his way to office at the age of 61. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty learned about it, he was granted the title of minister of rites and posthumous documents. In 782 (the third year of Jianzhong), Tang Dezong gave Liu youqiu the title of situ.

Anecdotes and allusions

During the Shenlong coup, Huan yanfan and others killed Zhang Yizhi's brother, but they did not kill Wu Sansi. Liu you asked for advice and said, "if you don't kill Wu, think twice, you will eventually die without a burial place. If we don't make early preparations now, it will be too late to wait for a catastrophe. " Huan yanfan didn't listen. Later, Wu Sansi stole imperial power and framed five people, including Huan yanfan, to death.

Character evaluation

Li Shi: in the Dragon Kingdom, Zhuwu was good at power. In the royal family, ruoyang, Wang yanfan and others promoted Zhongzong and Shao fuhongye. In the end of Jinglong, ruowei peeped at the Kingdom and violated tungangang. In the end of Jinglong, ruoguo, youqiu and other Xuanzong swept away evil and filth. Li Xun: Yao Yuanchong, song Jing, Liu youqiu, or the assistant prime minister's generation, led to Li Ping's transformation; or forgot to do favoritism and became the cause of Zhongxing. Liu Xu: Mr. Liu Xu is a man of unruly character. When he is lucky, he is able to make a decision and help himself to prosper. He is a man on foot in the dynasty. He takes the position of marquis in the evening. He does not despise death and attaches great importance to profit. He is not ashamed of being rich and unjust! Song Qi: the strategy of seeking peace, the fruit of Shaojing, the wisdom of daily use, and the argument of Ju are all sufficient to relieve the crisis. There are many ways, so when there are times, there must be success. If you don't need to be surprised, you will be dissatisfied. You can't be peaceful with us! Yao Chong advised not to be a meritorious official. However, waiting for you to wait for hate is too thin. Mao Zedong: Liu you was sixty-one years old and died of anger.

Posterity status

In 779 (the 14th year of Dali), Emperor Zong of Tang Dynasty evaluated the former dynasty's meritorious officials, and Liu youqiu ranked among the first eleven. In 780 (the first year of Jianzhong), Liu youqiu, Pei Ji, Liu Wenjing and other 34 people were regarded as meritorious officials by Tang Dezong. In 848 (the second year of Dazhong), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty hung the portraits of 37 meritorious officials in Lingyan Pavilion, among which there was "the left servant of Shangshu shooting Liu youqiu".

personal works

One of his poems and essays, Shuhuai, is included in the whole Tang poetry.

Historical records

Volume 97 of the old book of the Tang Dynasty, biography 47; volume 121 of the new book of the Tang Dynasty, biography 46; Volume 28 of Zizhitongjian, Tangji 24; Volume 29 of Zizhitongjian, Tangji 25; volume 210 of Zizhitongjian, Tangji 26; volume 211 of Zizhitongjian, Tangji 27

Chinese PinYin : Liu You Qiu