Liu Dingzhi

Liu Dingzhi

Liu Dingzhi (1409-1469, September 15) was a new man from Jiangxi Province. Ming Dynasty minister, writer.

In 1436, Liu Dingzhi became a Jinshi. Li Guan Hanlin, Prince Xi Ma, etc. In the second year of Chenghua (1466) of emperor Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty, Taichang Shaoqing joined zhiwenyuan Pavilion as a Bachelor of Arts, and the next year he joined the Ministry of industry as a right servant and a Bachelor of Arts. In the fourth year of Chenghua (1468), he moved to the Minister of rites and repeatedly expostulated on current affairs. After the death of empress Qian, Liu Dingzhi argued with his colleagues Peng Shi and Shang Fu, which eventually enabled him to be buried in Yuling. In 1469, Liu Dingzhi died in the 61st year. He was given the title of "Wen'an" as a gift to the Minister of rites.

Liu Dingzhi is upright and upright, but he is modest and diligent, especially in the name of literature. He is quick in literary thinking, profound in learning, good at literary and industrial poetry, and has written Liu Wen'an's collection of official documents, Zhouyi's Illustrated works, futailu's collection, daizhai's collection, etc. Huangming Jingshi Wenbian has Liu Wenan Gong Zhushu.

Source of pictures in the overview: Sancai tuhui

Life of the characters

Liu Dingzhi was born in 1409, the seventh year of Yongle, Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty. He was very clever when he was young. His father taught him to read and recited thousands of words every day. Seeing that he was studious, his father made him read widely, but prohibited him from writing articles. Ding often tries to write in private. One day, Liu Dingzhi was ill. When his father visited him, he found his poems of "sacrificing stove" and "chanting peach pulp". He exclaimed: "I have the talent to be attacked on all sides." I will be a great tool in the future. " In the tenth year of Xuande (1435), Liu Dingzhi won the imperial examination. In the first year of Zhengtong (1436), he won the first place in the imperial examination, and won the first place in the imperial examination. He was awarded the title of editor of Hanlin. In 1439, the capital was flooded and the whole city was flooded. Liu Dingzhi stated ten suggestions in response to the imperial edict, which were not adopted by the imperial court. In 1448, Liu Yinzhi, the younger brother of Liu Dingzhi, had a conflict with the villagers, implicated him and was arrested and jailed. Finally, the truth came out. Liu Dingzhi finished his term of editing and was promoted to minister. In 1450, Liu Dingzhi also spoke about the battle, defense, military training, selection, relocation, investigation and punishment of officials. All the words were the plan of running a country and a country and getting the praise of the emperor. In the third year of emperor Jingdi (1452), he was promoted to the Economic Bureau to wash horses. At that time, he first asked for the return of Dai Zong envoys. Liu Dingzhi quoted the old rules to ask for permission, but Dai Zong was unwilling to take back the captured Yingzong, so the matter was not immediately approved. Later, he was promoted to youchunfang and youshuzi. Tianshun changed the Yuan Dynasty (1457), served as the left counsellor of the general secretary, still served as the assistant lecturer of the Imperial Academy, and soon became a Bachelor of the Imperial Academy. In the eighth year of Tianshun (1464), Emperor Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty ascended the throne. He served as Shaoqing of Taichang, and served as a bachelor. In December of the second year of Chenghua (1466), he joined zhiwenyuan pavilion to participate in the government. In August of the third year of Chenghua (1467), he entered the Ministry of government and industry as a minister and a scholar. At that time, there were droughts in Jiangxi and Huguang, but local officials still collected taxes from the people. Shu Xianzong, Liu Ding, said: "now the national grain depot is sufficient and the reserves are abundant, but the people in Jiangxi, Huguang and other places have no income due to the disaster. They open their mouths to feed and still have to pay rent and taxes. This is not the emperor's original intention to love the people. Please show his sympathy." Moved by his words, Emperor Xianzong immediately ordered to stop levying taxes. In the fourth year of Chenghua (1468), Liu Dingzhi served as the Minister of rites and was still a scholar of the Imperial Academy. At that time, ten thousand concubines were in favor of the emperor. The empress seldom met emperor Xianzong. In order to establish the prince, the daughter of emperor Daizong was 15 years old (and hairpin), but she had not yet married. Liu Dingzhi took advantage of the long drought and talked about these things together in Shangshu. He also asked that the book written by Zhu Yuanzhang, the great ancestor, should be mentioned at the banquet, so as to get rid of the Heretical Cult and not let it harm the government and consume money. Xianzong kept it in the memorial. in June of the same year, Empress Dowager Qian (empress Qian of Xiaozhuang) died, and empress Zhou (empress Zhou of Xiaosu) did not want empress Qian to be buried with Yingzong. Xianzong ordered the eunuch Xia Shi and Huaien to call together the assistant ministers to discuss the funeral of Empress Dowager Qian. Minister Peng was the first to object. The next day, Emperor Xianzong called Peng Shi and Liu Dingzhi to discuss the matter again, but Peng Shi still insisted on discussing it. Xianzong said, "don't I know what you said? I'm just worried that once empress dowager Qian is buried, it will make it difficult for her mother (Empress Dowager Zhou) to be buried with her former Emperor. " Liu Dingzhi replied: "the way of filial piety is to keep righteousness, not to keep the orders of elders for a while!" Peng Shi and his cabinet minister Shang Fu also successively persuaded Xianzong. Xianzong said: "even if you don't listen to your mother's orders, can you be regarded as filial to your son?" Peng Shi suggested to Emperor Xianzong: "Empress Dowager qian can be buried on the left side of the former Emperor, and the right side of the Empress Dowager should be left to wait for the future of Empress Dowager Zhou." Liu Dingzhi, together with Peng Shi and Shang Fu, said in Shangshu: "the Empress Dowager is a Peixian emperor. She is in the middle palace. Her Majesty respects her as the Empress Dowager and issues an imperial edict to the world. The relationship between the emperor and his wife, your Majesty's mother and son's love, have great righteousness. Now the Empress Dowager Zi Palace should be buried together in Yuling, and her God should be attached to the temple. This is an unchangeable ceremony. Recently, I heard that I would choose another place to bury the Empress Dowager. I'm really afraid. In private, we think that your majesty hesitated because considering that the Empress Dowager should be respected with the former Emperor after her longevity, we are worried that the two empresses should be matched with the former Emperor, which is not in line with the ancestral system. However, in ancient times, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty respected his mother and Empress Dowager Bo, while empress Lu still attached a sacrifice to Changling. Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty worshipped his mother, imperial concubine Li Chen, while empress Liu was still attached to the temple. Now, if the system of mausoleum temple is a little inappropriate, it will be beautiful and ridiculed by later generations. " Ninety nine court officials, such as Li Bing, Minister of Li, Yao Kui, Minister of Li, also agreed that empress dowager Qian and Yingzong should be buried together. Emperor Xianzong was still worried about violating the will of Empress Dowager Zhou, and later issued an edict to choose another burial place for Empress Dowager Qian. More than 200 courtiers, including Yao Kui, fell down at the gate of Wenhua to cry. Xianzong ordered the courtiers to stop crying and retreat. The courtiers kowtowed and refused, saying: "I don't want to bury the Empress Dowager together. I will never dare to retreat." Kneel from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m. to Shenshi (3:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m.). Xianzong and Empress Dowager Zhou had no choice but to listen to the advice of Liu Dingzhi and others. Not long after, Liu Dingzhi fell ill and went to Shangshu for many times to ask for an official position. The emperor Xianzong issued an imperial edict to retain him, and sent the imperial doctor to see a doctor for him and the eunuch to reward him. Liu Dingzhi died of illness on August 10 (September 15) in the fifth year of Chenghua (1469). He was 61 years old. The posthumous title is Wen'an.

Character evaluation

General comments

Liu Dingzhi is upright and upright, but he is also very modest and diligent, especially in the name of literature. He is agile in literary thinking, broad in knowledge, vigorous and magnificent, and unpredictable. Although most of his shafts are from the three Soviet Union, he has been rational. It is implicit in poetry, and the concern for the country and the people is often revealed between the lines. In the middle of Ming Dynasty, Liu Dingzhi was well-known all over the world and was good at literary school. Although he was a fierce warrior, he was also admired. Once, the emperor ordered him to do "Yuanxiao poem", and the waiter stood waiting. Liu Dingzhi stretched out the paper according to the case, and made a hundred seven character quatrains, which was admirable. On another occasion, Liu Ding drafted nine documents in one day, writing without stopping. Since he joined the cabinet, the court has done a lot of work. Someone once asked him the names of the ministers of the Song Dynasty. Liu Dingzhi immediately listed their genealogy, just like the genealogy of the family. People admired his intelligence and erudition.

Historical evaluation

Liu Mao: this son has the ability to be attacked on all sides. It's not difficult to take the first place. Peng Shi: he is open-minded, modest and respectful. He talks with people in a warm and harmonious way, fearing to hurt them. No one is noble or humble. He is respectful. If he is timid, he will talk about things in his official position. His words are sharp and encouraging according to righteousness, even though he is brave For more than 30 years, he was famous for his literature. He wrote poems in writing, helped to write and changed. He became a master of his own. As for freehand brushwork, he was able to express what people didn't say. He had the pen power of Su's father and son. He was tireless in writing. Therefore, his articles were widely spread all over the world. Liu Xuan: Liu Wen'an's study, the history of the six classics, down to novels, acrobatics, and the book of interpreting the old, is everywhere. It is better to recite all one's life than to memorize others. It is written in hundreds of thousands of words. Most of them are Su's father and son. In his early years, he wrote the classics and strategies, which were handed down by his family. In 1887, it was well-known among the counties and cities. Biden was a Jinshi, so it was well-known all over the world. Many scholars are tired of writing in response to the public's response. In the early days, the changes in the northern part of the country, the internal and external chapters are sparse, but the public's play is well known. Liu Ji: Ding Zhi Shao Yingmin has thousands of words in his diary Even though his articles were ranked high and well-known in the world, he was frank, straightforward, and unpretentious. His own changes and his writing of ten things were all related to the affairs of the time. The president of the national history of China, who gave examples and deleted numerous summaries, made most of his contributions. Soon after he joined the cabinet, he produced many works for the time. He was not a manuscript, but weisihuan had his own style Since the beginning of the Republic of China, people who are able to write in the pavilions and pavilions, who are well-organized, have not been able to deal with many people, but they are quite archaic, and they are not able to deal with things. Peng Shao: he is extremely talented and has been attacked on all sides. Gao Gu hunxiong is unpredictable. After banquet, the prince washes the horse. Third, he wrote with the help of pen. Only the article of the public is famous all over the world. Not only at that time, but also in love. Up to now, the price of Ci is fixed. Li Dongyang: at the beginning of Jiying temple, the effect of wealth was extremely prosperous, and Liu Wen'an was the best. Tang Shu: literature is very advanced, and it is not easy to write. At the beginning of Chenghua, he ascended the secret Pavilion, folded doubts, reviewed ancient sayings, or chanted a hundred poems every day. With one stroke and nine rules, he was full of changes. In the orthodox era, there are ten current affairs. Jingtai, on the enemy ten things, and please send

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