Liu Ling
Liu Ling
Liu Ling (221-300 years) < / I >, born in peiguo (now Linhuan Town, Suixi County, Huaibei City, Anhui Province), is one of the Seven Sages of the bamboo forest in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and is also known as the Seven Sages of the bamboo forest together with Ruan Ji, Ji Kang, Shan Tao, Xiang Xiu, Wang Rong and Ruan Xian.
Liu Ling is a drunk and unruly man, known as "drunk Marquis". He is fond of Laozi and Zhuangzi, and pursues freedom and inaction. He once joined the army under Wang Rong's shogunate, a general of Jianwei, and was dismissed for inaction. In 266, the imperial court recruited Liu Ling as an official again, but Liu Ling refused.
Liu Ling's existing works are only "Ode to wine" and "Beimang guest house". His works vividly reflect the state of mind of the celebrities in Wei and Jin Dynasties, such as advocating metaphysics, being passive and decadent, and also showing contempt for the "Confucian" etiquette and yearning for nature. Later generations take Liu Ling as a typical example of scorning the etiquette and avoiding the world by drinking.
(the general picture is taken from the portrait of Liu Ling in the brick paintings of the Seven Sages in the bamboo grove and Rong Qiqi in the Southern Dynasties) < / I > < I >)
Life of the characters
Indulgent and capricious
Among the Seven Sages in the bamboo grove, Liu Ling is the one with the lowest social status. He is six feet tall (according to the research on Chinese weights and measures in the Han Dynasty, it is 23.5cm in modern times, so Liu Ling's height is less than one meter five in modern times), and his appearance is ugly. He is unrestrained. He always wants to live in the universe and reconcile all things. He never associates with others. He is silent and indifferent to the world. He only has a good relationship with Ruan Ji and Ji Kang. When he meets him, he talks and laughs. He is very speculative. He travels in the mountains and rivers hand in hand. He doesn't care whether he has property or not.
As a member of the Seven Sages in the bamboo grove, Liu Ling is addicted to alcohol. He often takes a pot of wine with him in a deer cart and makes people follow him with a spade, saying, "if I get drunk, I will be buried." Also issued a "I to heaven and earth as pillars, room for clothes, why do you into my?" My drunken talk.
Unwilling to be an official
Liu Ling once joined the army under Wang Rong, a general of Jianwei. After the establishment of Jin Dynasty, it took part in the countermeasures and advocated the rule of inaction. All the people of the same generation were promoted because of excellent examination, but Liu Ling was dismissed because of inaction.
In 266, the imperial court sent a special envoy to enlist Liu Ling as an official again. Liu Ling, on the other hand, did not want to be an official. When he heard that the special envoy of the imperial court had arrived at the entrance of the village, he quickly got drunk, took off his clothes and ran naked to the entrance of the village. After seeing Liu Ling, the special envoy of the imperial court realized that he was a drunk maniac, so he gave up. In the end, Liu Ling was no longer an official and died in his family.
Character thought
Liu Linghao's study of Laozi and Zhuangzi was not confined to etiquette and law in his life. He often drank alcohol, and even reached the state of "sick wine". Compared with Ji Kang, Ruan Ji and others, who are also "half drunk and half awake" while avoiding the world by drinking, they are more shocking. His good wine and his sad words are all expressed through his own behavior. At the beginning of the reign of emperor Tai, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty asked the imperial court, emphasizing the rule of inaction, which made the rulers feel useless. Liu Ling's "Ode to drinking virtue" claims that "only wine is the business, how can we know the rest". After drinking, he let "drunk and buried" and so on. On the surface, he looks like a drunkard. In essence, he is the representation of his idea of advocating nature and "governing by doing nothing", which is an expression of his independent personality and rebellious spirit.
personal works
Liu Ling's surviving works are only Beimang guest house and Ode to wine. Beimang guest house is an ancient style poem. In the first half of the poem, the scenery contains emotion; in the second half of the poem, the emotion is expressed by the scenery. It can be said that the level is clear and the cutting is appropriate, showing a kind of scattered charm in the plain and clear. "Ode to wine" is a parallel prose, which is light and flexible, free and unrestrained, vivid and humorous. Liu Ling's works vividly reflect the state of mind of the celebrities in Wei and Jin Dynasties, such as advocating metaphysics, being passive and decadent. They also show their contempt for the "Confucian ethics" and their yearning for nature.
Anecdotes and allusions
He Kairen buried
Liu Ling often sat in a deer cart with a pot of wine. He made his servant follow him with a spade and said, "if you die, you will bury me." He put life and death out of his way, and that's it.
Liu Ling's sick wine
[reference data: Liu Ling's illness, Liu Ling's wife, Wu Dou's, and Chu Jiu's]
Because of excessive drinking, Liu Ling felt sick and thirsty, so he asked his wife for a drink. His wife poured out the wine and destroyed the wine container. She cried and advised, "you drink too much. It's not a way to keep healthy. You must give up drinking!" Liu Ling said, "very good. But I can't stop myself. I can only pray to ghosts and gods and swear to stop drinking. Prepare the wine and meat for sacrifice. " The wife said, "I'll do as you told me." So he offered wine and meat to God and asked Liu Ling to pray and swear. Liu Ling knelt down and said, "I was born Liu Ling. Wine is my life. One drink at a time can eliminate the disease. Never listen to a woman's words. " Then he picked up the meat and wine and began to eat and drink. He was dejected and drunk.
Exposed as a house
Liu Ling often indulged in drinking, willful, sometimes took off his clothes and stayed naked in the house. Some people laughed at him when they saw him. Liu Ling said, "I treat heaven and earth as houses and houses as trousers. Why do you come to my trousers?"
Chicken rib Zunquan
Liu Ling once argued with others when he was drunk. The man grabbed his sleeve and waved his fist to fight. Liu Ling said slowly, "I'm as thin as chicken ribs. I can't make your fist comfortable." The man stopped fighting with a smile.
Related idioms
Lying on one's back: lying on one's back refers to lying on one's back while lying on the other's back. It is called drunkenness. From the biography of Liu Ling in the book of Jin.
Wudou jieji: it means to use Wudou liquor to cure alcoholic disease. The metaphor is very absurd. It comes from Rensheng, a new story of the world.
Chicken rib Zunquan: it means that the body is thin and vulnerable. From the biography of Liu Ling in the book of Jin.
Tao Wuwu: describes indulging in wine and indulging in arrogance. From the biography of Liu Ling in the book of Jin.
To use alcohol to relieve one's drunkenness is a metaphor for rescuing an emergency in a harmful way. It comes from Rensheng, a new story of the world.
Related couplet
Jia Dao is drunk, but Liu Ling is drunk.
Liu Ling asked whose family is good, but Li Bai said it's good here.
Huawu miscellaneous Maolu in the West Lake, do not open a beautiful place, stop radial to the cup in the Bank of liulingzhuang should be set Jiuxian.
Han Yu sent Qiong Jiang Yan to write Fu, while Liu Ling was drunk and Wang can ascended the building.
Character evaluation
Liu Yiqing of the Southern Song Dynasty: Liu Ling is six feet long, ugly and haggard, but leisurely and wooden.
Yan Yanzhi of the Southern Song Dynasty: Liu Lingshan closed the door, and Huai qingmie heard and saw. If the drum and bell are not happy, how can the glory dazzle. Tao Jing's daily drinking is not a waste feast. Although the ode to wine is short, I can see my deep heart from now on.
Wang Ji of Tang Dynasty: I hate not to meet Liu Ling and drink with my family.
Li Duan, Tang Dynasty: when a house is exposed, a curtain will be opened all day.
Yao he of Tang Dynasty: long envy Liu Ling generation, high sleep out of the world.
PI Rixiu: when he was young, he asked the emperor what he wanted to do. Please give it to Liu Ling as a drunk marquis.
Bai Juyi, Tang Dynasty: when the guests are scattered, they will have fun. When they are drunk, they will sing alone. The curtain of heaven and the ground, who Nai Liu Ling He.
Wei Zhuang of Tang Dynasty: Liu Ling avoided the world only to be intoxicated, but also to sing when she was hurt.
Su Shi of the Northern Song Dynasty: Duke Zhou wrote Jiugao, Duke Wei Wugong wrote Yijie, thinking that there was no one who could be confused and confused, and that there was no one who could be drunk. Liu Ling and Ruan Ji's disciples were famous for their authenticity. In the past, people were addicted to many things, but I can redeem them. To ask Liu Bolun, Hu ran pillow bad song.
Fan Zhongyan, Northern Song Dynasty: last night, he laughed at Cao Cao, Sun Quan and Liu Bei for reading Shu Zhi. Exhausted the mechanism, futile efforts, only three parts of the world. Think carefully with your fingers, fight like a communist, Liu Ling drunk? There is no centenary in the world. Less dementia, aging and gaunt. There are only some teenagers in the middle, who can't bear to tie up fame? A product and a thousand gold, ask white hair, how to avoid?
Sima Guang, Northern Song Dynasty: Liu Ling was addicted to wine. He often took a deer cart with a pot of wine to make people follow him, saying, "death will bury me." At that time, the literati and bureaucrats all thought that they were virtuous, and they were open-minded.
Ye mengde of Southern Song Dynasty: Jin people drink a lot, as for intoxication, they may not really care about wine. It's hard to cover the time, but wine can alienate the world. Chen Ping and Cao Shen have adopted this strategy since then When it came to Liu Ling's disciples, he wanted to use it to protect himself The drinker may not drink too much, and the drunk may not be really drunk!
Lu You's ten rhymes of salty fish in the Southern Song Dynasty: life has its own merits and demerits. When a hundred flowers bloom, it promotes a high banquet. Liu Ling is sick and thirsty. Why should we recommend long fish and big meat.
Zhou Bin, Ming Dynasty: you don't see he Xian you, Liu Canjun. You drink Gao Feng so far.
Song of drunkenness by Yu Qian of Ming Dynasty: Liu Ling is a good drinker, and Li Bai flies to heaven on a whale.
In modern times, Yu Jiaxi: Ziqi wrote Zhuangxian and Bolun wrote Jiude. Lingering charm, Mier unheard of, not enough to laugh, chat can be prepared to count.
Contemporary Yi Zhongtian: perhaps Liu Ling has clearly realized that no matter how she spent her life, she would eventually die. So why not go where it is, die where it is buried? Similarly, since life is meaningless, why not live as you like? In fact, this is also Liu Ling's way of life. He didn't confront Sima's regime as openly as Ji Kang or Ruan Ji. Instead, he talked about nothingness when he was recruited, which made the rulers feel useless. So Liu Ling ended up dead.
Historical records
Jin Shu · biography · Chapter 19 · biography of Liu Ling
New sayings of the world
Notes on biography of celebrities in Shishuoxinyu · literature
New sayings of the world: Paidiao
Zi Zhi Tong Jian, volume 78
Artistic image
Liu Bolun in Cui zouzhao's fantasy novels I was a bird man in those years and San Tu Zhi;
Shan Tianfang comments on Liu Ling in the legend of Liu Ling;
Liu Xiaolou, Li Fu'an, Hong Ying, Zhou Liansheng, Zheng Guifang, Zhang Junling and Zheng Xiangzhen all played Liu Ling in the Pingju opera "Liu Ling drunk".
Commemoration of later generations
Tomb site
Chinese PinYin : Liu Ling
Liu Ling
