Feng Yandeng

Feng Yandeng

Feng Yandeng (1175-1233), Zijun, hengxiweng, was born in Jizhou. Jin Zhangzong was a Jinshi in the second year of Chengan (1197). In the second year of Zhenyou (1213), he served as a magistrate of Hezhong Prefecture and a member of the left and right Department of Shangshu province. In the fifth year of Xingding (1221), he entered the Academy of national history as an editor and doctor Taichang. In the second year of Yuanguang (1223), he was in charge of dengwen drum Academy. In 1232, he was detained when he negotiated peace with the Yuan Dynasty. In 1232, he was released and served as a sacrificial wine servant. Later, he served as a servant of Li and Li. In the second year of Tianxing (1233), Bianliang was besieged by the yuan army. When Feng Yandeng fled, he was captured by the yuan army and committed suicide by throwing himself into a well. He died at the age of 58.

Personal life

Successful career

Feng Yandeng is the second son of Feng Shi. He was very savvy when he was young. When he reached adulthood, he had a successful career. In the second year of Cheng'an (1197), he passed the examination of Ci Fu Jinshi. He was transferred to Zhenbo and Deshun military judges. Taihe first year (1201) transferred to Bian Ning county magistrate. In the autumn and July of the first year of Da'an (1209), the frost reduced the yield of crops and made it difficult for the people to get food. Feng Yandeng opened a warehouse to distribute food, provided relief and loans, and saved and fed many people. In the second year of Zhenyou's reign (1213), he made up the history of Shangshu's provincial decrees, and soon served as a magistrate of Hezhong Prefecture and a member of Shangshu's left and right department, wailang. In the fifth year of Xingding (1221), he entered the Academy of national history as an editor and doctor Taichang.

Emissary experience

In the second year of Yuanguang (1223), he was in charge of dengwen drum academy, and also served as an imperial writer. He was ordered to send envoys to Xixia and was responsible for transporting envoys. In the seventh year of Zhengda (1231), he served as the son of the State Sacrificial wine. With the help of Hanlin, he served as the messenger of the state. In the eighth year of Zhengda (1232), he went to Guoxian barracks of the yuan army with his national credentials. A decree issued, asked him: "do you know Fengxiang Marshal?" "Yes," Feng replied Then he asked him, "what kind of person is he?" Feng Yandeng replied, "people who work very hard." He said to him: "if you can recruit Marshal Fengxiang, I will save you from death, or I will kill you." Feng Yandeng replied, "I've come to ask for peace with a letter. How can it be the messenger's responsibility to surrender? If you surrender, you will die. If you don't surrender, you will die. It's better to die today. " The next day, he asked Feng: "have you reconsidered the surrender?" Feng Yandeng answered as before. After the second and third time, he insisted on not answering. On the third day, he issued an imperial edict to Feng Yandeng, saying: "your crime should be dead, but I can't kill an emissary. You cherish your beard as you treat your life (cut off your beard)," he scolded and cut off Feng Yandeng's beard with a knife. Feng Yandeng was not moved, so he was detained in Fengzhou.

go to one 's death like a hero

In the first year of Tianxing (1232), Feng Yandeng was released. Jinaizong comforted him for a long time, and made him serve as a sacrificial wine. Later, he served as a minister of Li and Li, and was in charge of the Minister of punishment. In 1233, Yuan army besieged Bianjing. Feng Yandeng fled in a hurry and was captured by Yuan army cavalry. He planned to send him to the north. Feng Yandeng was generous and would rather die than be humiliated. He jumped into a well beside the city and died at the age of 58.

Main achievements

Feng Yandeng is gifted in poetry. When he was in bianning, he studied poetry with Zhao Xianxian, so he made great progress in the style and rhythm of poetry. The style of poetry is delicate, neat, exquisite and novel, and few of his peers can compare with him. The articles he wrote can embody profound thoughts and are strange and obscure. His poems were included in Zhongzhou collection, a total of 17 poems, a word. In his life, Feng Yandeng devoted himself to the study of the book of changes. During the period of Fengzhou's resettlement, I had only one book of changes with me. I studied it from morning to night, and I had a deep understanding of the principles in the book of changes. When he returned, he collected the words and sentences of his predecessors and compiled them into a book called xueyiji. Yuan Haowen thought that he chose to die calmly in the time of Bianjing's difficulty and life and death. He understood the truth of "knowing fate" in the book of changes.

Anecdotes and allusions

When Feng Yandeng was a child, he was gifted and very savvy. When he first started primary school, he said, "with me in our family, we don't have to rely on farming any more." There is a stream in front of Feng Yandeng's house in Jixiang, so he calls himself hengxiweng.

Character evaluation

Mr. Yishan's Anthology: you are sincere and generous. You are not good at talking and laughing. You are easy-going, but you are persistent in your life and death. When he first became an official, he had a reputation. The collection of Mr. Yishan's works: the sun is auspicious, the sun is good, the sun is beautiful, the sun is beautiful, and the sun is beautiful. The courage of a benevolent man is determined by his hardness, and his body is destroyed. Why is life so strong in the north, and the reward of heaven so rich and prosperous. Hengxi, Yangyang, planting monument, beside the tomb. When the soul comes and returns, it will be peaceful in its hometown, and it will not be possible to stay in the market. gui Qian Zhi: the public is sincere and generous, and the officials are also excellent. I've been learning for many years, and I've been reading books in the office. It can be said that poetry is new and ingenious. Zhongzhou collection: Zijun, a pure and elegant scholar, is good at Yi Zuo's biography and is a virtuous person. There is Qianfu style, and I want to write a hundred poems of the state Dynasty!

personal works

Some volumes of Hengxi Weng's works have been handed down to the world. a book named xueyiji is a collection of the words and sentences of previous studies on Yi ology. In the fifth volume of Zhongzhou collection, there are two poems, i.e. Yancheng daozhong, Yuanri longan daozhong, susanzhong temple, Daijun yangfuzhi and Yu, because of rhyme, Jihu qingkeping, Shehu Deshan, Xue, Huaqing Palace Museum, Xiyuan Dexi, suguanta Xiayuan on August 14, Tanchun Debo, etc《 There are two songs of "spring rain", "Tenghua Dechun", "lanziye wanjiexuan" and "taoshiyan". "Zhongzhou Yuefu" recorded his poem "yulouchun · ruiyunting in Yanhe".

Family members

Great grandfather: Feng Shi'an is famous for his superb medical skills in Hedong area. People in the village think that he is virtuous. Grandfather: Feng Cheng, a medical farmer. father: Feng Shi knew the truth of reading very well and liked to associate with Taoists and monks. Later, he used Jun GUI and was given to Zishan doctor and Shihping marquis. mother: Mrs. Liu, the first lady of Shiping County. wife and family: the fan family, the wife of the Marquis of Shiping County. son: Feng Yuan, general Guangwei, military Treasury Supervisor of Songzhou. Feng Ji, general Guangwei, military judge of Suizhou. Feng Heng, the commander of Zhongxian school, is the commander of Lingbao county. daughter: the eldest daughter, married to Zhang Zhen, an official in Xuyi Marshal's mansion. second daughter, married to the tax bureau of Hucheng. Grandson: Feng weisun, Feng zhongnu, Feng qiannu granddaughter: eldest granddaughter, married to Jinshi Xu Sheng. the young granddaughter is still unmarried.

Historical records

The history of Jin has its biography, zhongzhouji has its biography and recorded 18 poems, Yishan's anthology has its biography and inscriptions, guiqianzhi has its biography.

Chinese PinYin : Feng Yan Deng