Qin Huan

Qin Huan

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Character experience

background

Qin Huan, born in the 22nd year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty, was born into a poor Confucian family in Huai'an. "Zeng zuqin, yizhusheng, zugan, Guozi Jiansheng, kaotingmao, yizhusheng" (Gu Yunchen: "the sacred tablet of Qin Gong, the governor of Guangxi), congfuguangdi, a word tour," shaoyoucai Ming "is one of the" seven sons of Hezhong ". He wrote poems and calligraphy, and Wang Youling, the governor of Zhejiang, loved his talents and extended them to the screen.

Family status

Wife: Yang zhenshu, who is a good wife and mother, is also a talented woman who is good at poetry and painting. She is good at writing blue and writing the poem manuscript of meiyinglou (continued compilation of Shanyang County annals · characters). Tingjian died early in middle age and his family was in a difficult situation. Young Qin Huan was diligent in reading, which was appreciated by Guangdi and his wife. He took it with him and taught him at any time. "21 years old, known as Qi wenduangong, bu Zhu Sheng", after repeatedly failed in the exam, he taught apprentices at home. When Qin Huan was a young man, he suffered from the death of his wife and son, and went through the ups and downs of his life. These are two poems written by Qin Huan in mourning for his wife's death, vividly depicting his life before he became an official. Qin huannian was not confused, Fang "borrowed zhewei and supplemented Yimao branch in the mid-term election" ("continued compilation of Shanyang County annals · election"). In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), he became a Jinshi, and divided the household department "to serve as the principal". son: the eldest son died young. Qianpei, the youngest son, was named MuQing and Bingzi of Guangxu. Later, he was one of the famous tycoons in Huai'an City. General situation of official career: Qin Huan showed his "capable talent" once he ascended the official career. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, he "went through the League training with his minister Jia Zhen", and because of his meritorious service in "assisting in military affairs", he was awarded the title of "wailang" Tongzhi 5 years (1866) was sent to TongZhou acceptance of grain, "after the completion of the imperial edict to make up for the main thing, after that to yuanwailang and add four grades." In 2009, he was promoted to "General Office of donation room exemption office". Because Qin Huan was conscientious and loyal to the Qing Dynasty, he married Tongzhi emperor in 1872. He was transferred to "hold a grand wedding ceremony". After the ceremony, he added "three grades and wearing" to the imperial edict. Every three years, the Qing government regularly assessed the performance of civil and military officials, which was called "Jing Cha". Every time, Qin Huan got "one grade plus one grade". In a short period of more than ten years, he became a senior official of the Qing Dynasty.

Scenic spots of former residence

Qin Huan's former residence is located in the South Gate of Huai'an City. His former residence is still occupied by several households in hundreds of houses, which is still in use today. Qin Shaowen, the son of Qin Huan, is one of the famous tycoons in Huai'an City. The Qin family's courtyard is carved with beams and painted buildings, with hundreds of houses. The brick carvings of the gate and the main hall of "three bright and five dark" are very exquisite. The house has been renovated and expanded year by year, and the building is exquisite and unique. There are two brick carving gatehouses in the house. The carving is extremely exquisite, which can be called a unique. It is now preserved in the Shaohu garden.

Life of the characters

The 6th year of Guangxu

In 1880, Qin Huan was released from Beijing to Guilin. After he took office, he "set the academy as the first task by encouraging the style of writing and learning from scholars" and "those who ascended the top for a while would go out and go down.". As an official, Qin Huan was "kind to Kaimin, well aware of the sufferings of the people.". After the Opium War, the Qing Dynasty was faced with an irreparable situation of decline, with sharp national and class contradictions. The local officials are the local people. The "civil uprising" happened in Lingui County, and the "big officials sent troops to suppress it" while the common people "held a stalemate in the pass", which was very strong. Qin Huan wrote to the governor of Guangxi Ni Wenwei, "the other people want me, so I can't bear to face each other with a blade "Please go to the army", "then go alone, belong to the old man, speak openly to the interests", "the people are happy to disperse", calmed down the incident, so that the people will not be burned. In 1882, Qin Huan was transferred to Wuzhou Prefecture. At that time, after occupying Vietnam, the French imperialists infiltrated the invading forces into Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou. When the legal person came to Wuzhou, he would build a church to preach. "The Wu people came out of the way, and the situation was very serious. The French envoys arrived by boat, and tens of thousands of people" hugged "them. At this time, "the sound of guns roared everywhere." the French emissary was shocked and asked, "I came here with the help of the commercial Yamen. What did they do?" Qin Huan was very upright in the face of the aggressors: "you are not here to do business, but to preach. If you French can support our people and their families, the number of people in Wuzhou who believe in religion can't be counted." The emissary of the law called for Qin Huan's help. Qin Huan guided the people to disperse, and politely sent the emissary to the ship, "so that the urgent anchorage, remote Xie Yi go.". Here is "foreigners are afraid of the common people", that is, "the common people are afraid of the officials, and the officials are afraid of the foreigners". The gentry and people in Wuzhou praised Qin Huan for his reason and integrity in his struggle with foreigners. In 1885, when the Sino French war broke out, the main fighting faction of the Qing government took the leading position for a while. Facing the provocation of the French invaders, Feng Zicai, a veteran general, was appointed and the Nanyang army was transferred to the front line of Guangxi. Wuzhou is located at the intersection of Xijiang River and Guijiang river. It is an important hub of land and water transportation. Qin Huan actively participated in the preparation for the war and transported a large number of military materials. It was very expensive to transport a large number of military materials Qin Huan took out his own Fengyin to hire boat trackers without adding to the burden of the local people. Feng Zicai won the great victory in zhennanguan and conquered Liangshan, which was the first victory in the anti aggression war in modern Chinese history. After the Qing Dynasty awarded meritorious personnel, Qin Huan also "to help suppress the restoration of Liangshan", made great achievements, "reward plus two grades", and wrote a glorious page in his political career. In the summer of this year, Qin Huan "returned to Guilin to take up his post", which coincided with the flood, "the provincial river soared for several feet overnight, and the residents along the river drifted away", "huandeng city shed tears, and went to the four townships to explore the disaster", and he also petitioned the governor of Guangxi to "slow down the grain tax of this year, collect the low-cost food, bury the bones, and protect the people." The next year, there was a flood in Guilin, and the people were "hungry, rice and stone were expensive". On the one hand, Qin Huan ordered him to "set up a factory to feed the hungry, and first crush the grain of Yicang". On the other hand, he sent his staff to Guangdong to buy rice, and asked them to be tax-free along the way. "The tax in western Guangdong is a large amount," and the tax exemption can not be implemented. Qin Huan "thought that the matter was in power, and his priority was to save hunger, that is, to prevent chaos. He did not stop eating because of choking, and he was eager to give his business tax exemption with his seal." For a time, it was difficult for the grain transported by water to reach Guilin. Qin Huan sent people to buy rice in the nearby Quanzhou (now Quanzhou County of Guangxi), and "it was transported by Lu Xing at night". Considering that the cost of land transportation was too high, "Huan said," people's lives are important. If the cost is too heavy, they will make up for it. " 。”

15 years of Guangxu

Qin Huan was transferred to Guangxi as an inspector general to "supervise and handle cases issued by the province". In handling cases, he attached great importance to on-the-spot investigation, investigation and research, and often admonished his subordinate officials that they should not impose indiscriminate punishment on prisoners, and that they should "take care of their feelings and enforce the law impartially". In Guangxi, Qin Huan also served as an envoy, "acting salt law road", Qing Dynasty "National History Museum (Qin Huan) biography" said that his "life energy is extraordinary He praised him for "persuading people to sericulture, setting up a publishing house, discussing classes, connecting ditches, caring for the lonely and widowed, and giving them to the travelers." Several governors of Guangxi, Ni Wenwei, Li Bingheng and Shen Bingcheng, all recommended Qin Huan as "the first official".

The 16th year of Guangxu

Qin Huan "entered the shrine according to the order.". When Qin Huan left Guilin, he said, "those who praise virtue are full of QUS, and the old and young are holding their clothes for a hundred Li." he cried and said goodbye On his way to Beijing, Qin Huan accidentally injured his foot when he passed Huangzhou (now Huanggang county), Hubei Province, so he changed his way to "return to his native place and raise his bowels". The next year, he died in Huaihe at the age of 74. Qin Huan is the author of jianhongju anthology, jianhongju poetry anthology, jianhongju craftsmanship, shiwenganjiu anthology, etc. When Qin Huan was an official in Beijing, "the literature was famous all over the world, and his work jianhongju craft was very popular in Luoyang for a time." (Zhou Huang; preface to the old collection of Shi Wen GaN) "the economic development of Wen Zhang is moving to the right, and there are many people who attach themselves to the door and wall for a while." Enshou, a former governor of water transport, wrote in the preface to the collection of works of jianhongju: "twenty years ago, Cheng menlixue, the spring breeze turns into rain, as at present." He praised Qin Huan as an official, saying that "where the residents are rich, where the people think, there are steles in the mouth among the five governors." he said that "Wen is Mo Lei Xijing, Lang run Qinghua; Shi is Si Yin Six Dynasties." Wang Shutang, a former magistrate of Huai'an, also commented that "Mr. Guan Jingcao, who moved the court to the right with his articles, went out to guard Guilin and recommended Li jiansi, loved the people as his children, made decisions as his own, and made decisions as his own. "If you have true feelings, then you have true knowledge; if you have true knowledge, then you have true economy; if you can use your energy sincerely, you will be qualified; if you can abolish it, you will be promoted." Although these comments are praiseworthy, it is also true that they have caused a sensation in the government and the public. Most of Qin Huan's poems are "the works of a temporary reward", but his political essays are often novel, with solid arguments and characteristics. After analyzing all kinds of events at home and abroad in the 40 years since the Opium War, he thinks that the Qing government "made a mistake in peace at the beginning, then in war, at the same time in peace and war and peace after war". And Yu said that the only way to avoid any delay is to keep fighting. " He praised Lin Zexu as a "great man of a generation". The campaign should be both temporary and permanent. "I forbid our subjects to eat cigarettes. If they don't eat cigarettes, the city can't help but give up smoking." He cried out: "today's local officials are many in the past, but few in the present. In the past, people said that the economy was not enough to use, but I said that people were not able to use today, and they were safe enough to use?" these views are very insightful and valuable for reference.

Historical evaluation

Qin Huan was a capable feudal official with political mind. He had been in politics for 30 years, and his achievements were remarkable. He was loyal to the Qing government, from the maintenance of Feng

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