execrated Song capitulationist

execrated Song capitulationist

execrated Song capitulationist

(1090-1155), Chinese characters

Huizhi

Born in Huangzhou, native place: Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, prime minister, treacherous minister, representative of the moderates.

In the fifth year of Zhenghe (1115), Qin Hui became a scholar and was a scholar of Chinese Ci. During the reign of emperor qinzong of the Song Dynasty, he served successively as Zuo Sijian and Zhongcheng. In the second year of Jingkang (1127), Zhang bangchang was captured to Jin with emperor Hui and Emperor Qin because he wrote to Jin Shuai against the establishment of Zhang bangchang. In 1130, Qin Hui returned to Lin'an and advocated peace between Song Dynasty and Jin Dynasty. In the first year of Shaoxing (1131), he was promoted to know the political affairs, and then paid homage to the prime minister. The next year, he was impeached and dismissed. In the eighth year of Shaoxing (1138), he became prime minister again. He was in power for 19 years before and after that. He was granted the title of Duke of Qin and Wei, and won the favor of Emperor Gaozong. In the 25th year of Shaoxing (1155), Qin Hui died of illness at the age of 66. He was awarded the posthumous title of King Shen

Zhongxian

. In the second year of Kaixi (1206), Emperor ningzong of the Song Dynasty seized the title of Wang Jue and changed his posthumous title

Absurdity and ugliness

. In the first year of Jiading (1208), Shi Miyuan regained his title of king and posthumous title.

Qin Hui was a moderator in the court of the Southern Song Dynasty. He pursued the policy of secession of land, becoming a minister and paying tribute. During his second visit to the prime minister, he strongly denounced those who resisted the Jin Dynasty and prevented the recovery. At the same time, he accepted private parties, expelled dissidents and repeatedly set up big prisons. He was one of the famous treacherous ministers in Chinese history.

Life of the characters

Early experience

In the fifth year of Yuanyou (1090), Qin Hui was born in a boat by the river in Huangzhou, Hubei Province (now Huanggang Huangzhou District, Hubei Province). He first lived in Changzhou and then lived in Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province), so he was born in Jiangning. His father, Qin Minxue, was the magistrate of Yushan County and Jingjiang ancient county (now Yongfu County, Guangxi). Qin Hui was a teacher in a private school in his early years. He lived on the meager tuition. He was very dissatisfied with his living situation. He once wrote a poem saying, "if you get 300 mu of paddy field, you won't be the king of the monkey."

In the fifth year of Zhenghe (1115), Qin Hui became a scholar and a professor in Mizhou (today's Shandong Weifang Zhucheng). After that, he took the examination of Ci poetry and maoke, Ren Taixue and Xuezheng.

Many relatives of Qin Hui's wife, Wang's family, including his father-in-law, Wang Zhongshan, all fell into the category of scum. However, in the last years of the Northern Song Dynasty, he was a different performance.

At the beginning of the first year of Jingkang (1126) of emperor qinzong of the Song Dynasty, Qin Hui played up the Song Dynasty and thought that it was not appropriate to show too timid attitude towards the Jin army of the southern criminals and weaken his own strength. In November, the Jin soldiers besieged Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan Province), and sent envoys to ask for three towns. Qin Hui wrote a letter about the four things of military aircraft: calling 100 officials to discuss in detail, strengthening the garrison, resettling the Jin envoys outside the city, and cutting the Yanshan mountain at most. Without reply, Emperor qinzong appointed Qin Hui as a member of the staff side, wailang, and soon became an official, subordinate to Zhang bangchang, the land cutting envoy of Hebei Province. Qin Hui thought that this position was for peace, contrary to his own ideas, three on the memorial request to resign.

The government of the Northern Song Dynasty planned to cede Taiyuan, Zhongshan and Hejian in order to stop the war between song and Jin. Qin Hui and Cheng Xuan were sent by the song and Qin clans to escort King Su Zhao Shu to Jinying. The Jin Dynasty took zhao shu as a hostage and agreed to release zhao shu after peace negotiation. Qin Hui and others returned to Yanjing. Later, on the recommendation of Li Hui and Wu Kai, Qin Hui was appointed as the imperial censor and promoted to Zuo Sijian. When Wang Yun and Li Ruoshui went to Jinying again, they got to see the second marshal of the Jin army. It is said that the Jin soldiers insisted on cutting the land in the Northern Song Dynasty, otherwise they would attack Bianjing. In November, Emperor qinzong of the Song Dynasty summoned a hundred officials in Yanhe hall to discuss countermeasures. Fan Zongyin and other 70 people agreed to cede the land, while Qin Hui and other 36 people did not. Before long, Qin Hui was promoted to the rank of Zhongcheng.

Exile in the North

In November of the first year of Jingkang (1126), Bianjing was lost. Emperor qinzong of Song Dynasty surrendered and was detained in Jinying.

In February 1127, Emperor Huizong and Emperor qinzong of the Song Dynasty were abolished as common people. Mo and Wu Kai came back from Jinying and told the marshal of the Jin army that they wanted to establish a different surname as emperor. When Wang Shiyong was left behind, he called all the officials to discuss the establishment of Zhang bangchang, supervised the imperial censor Ma Shen, advocated the joint petition and preserved the Zhao family. Qin Hui expressed her support, so she wrote a petition to Jin Shuai, who begged for Zhao to be emperor and was detained in Jinying.

In March 1127, Zhang bangchang was established as the pseudo emperor of Chu and his capital was Jinling. In April, Qin Hui, together with emperor Hui and Emperor Qin, was detained by the Jin army to the north, passed Yanshan, and transferred to Korea. Zhang bangchang sent someone to deliver the book, and asked Jin to put it back to Sun Fu, Zhang Shuye and Qin Hui, but Jin Ting did not allow it. In May of the same year, Zhao Gou, king of Kang, ascended the throne in yingtianfu (now Shangqiu) and established the Southern Song Dynasty as Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty. After hearing the news, song Huizong wrote a letter to Jin Shuai and agreed to negotiate with Qin Hui, who bribed him with a generous gift. Emperor Taizong Wan Yansheng gave Qin Hui to his younger brother Talan (WAN Yanchang).

In April 1127, the first year of Emperor Gaozong's Jianyan reign, the Jin army drove Zhao Ji and Zhao Huan of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty northward and took Zhang Shuye, he Li, Sun Fu, Qin Hui, simapu and Chen Guoting away. When they arrived in the north, Sun Fu and others were obedient and unyielding, but Qin Hui gave in to coercion and inducement. Zhao Ji, the Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty, received the news of Emperor Gaozong's accession to the throne, and asked Qin Hui to draft a letter to beg for mercy from the chieftain of Jin, saying that he was willing to send someone to inform his son Zhao Gou that his children and grandchildren would always serve Jin zhengshuo and pay tribute to Jin. Later, Qin Hui didn't completely hide the matter, but also boasted about it. Song Huizong's contract of selling himself did not make him out of the predicament of being a prisoner. However, Qin Hui began to enjoy the leftovers of Nuzhen nobles. He appreciated Qin Hui very much and gave him ten thousand pieces of money and silk. It is said that Qin Hui through the "thick bribe", through the joint, this letter can be transmitted to the hand of sticky Han.

Return to the South

King Taizong gave Qin Hui to Talan.

In October 1127, the first year of Emperor Gaozong's Jianyan reign, Chen Guoting and others were exiled to Xianzhou in the Northeast (now the southeast of Beizhen County in Liaoning Province). However, Qin Hui remained in Yanshan Prefecture under the wing of Talan. He was first appointed as a "military staff officer" and then appointed as a "military staff officer". On one occasion, Wushu specially invited Qin Hui to a banquet, and "all those who served wine were concubines of the princes.".

In the third and fourth year of Jianyan (1129-1130), Talan was in charge of the huaidong battlefield. The details of how Qin Hui became an "adviser" are not known. What we know now is that he once wrote a letter of persuasion to the besieged Chuzhou (now Huai'an, Jiangsu Province). The battle of Chuzhou was one of the most heroic defensive battles at that time. Under the command of Zhao Li, the whole city's army and people were still unyielding even though they ran out of food and ate only bark and grass roots. On the day of the destruction of the city, the army and the people "suppressed the pain and healed the wounded in the street battle, although women and women also drowned the thieves in the water", and bravely died to answer the persuasion.

In the fourth year of Jianyan (1130), Talan led his troops to attack Shanyang (now Huai'an, Jiangsu Province), and Qin Hui accompanied the army. In October, Qin Hui left Jinying with his family and returned to Lin'an (now Hangzhou) by way of Shuizhai, the capital of Lianshui army. After Qin Hui returned to the Song Dynasty, she claimed to have killed the Jin soldiers who were watching her, robbed the boat and fled back. Most of the courtiers were skeptical. Prime Minister fan Zongyin and privy council Li Hui had a good relationship with Qin Hui and tried their best to recommend his loyalty.

Qin Hui returned to the imperial court and entered the opposition. He put forward the strategy of dividing the north and the south, that is, "if you want nothing to happen in the world, the South comes from the south, and the north comes from the north.". The Jin army was unable to cope with the attack of guerrillas in the north, but it was defeated one after another in the south. As a result, Talan changed the policy of purely military attack and regained the strategy of "supporting attack with peace". "South from south, north from North" is not only the plan of Talan in the southern and Northern Dynasties, but also the guideline of Qin Hui's political activities in the Southern Song Dynasty. Emperor Gaozong thought Qin Hui's loyalty was commendable. He appointed Qin Hui as the Minister of rites. Qin Hui's entourage was also changed to the official of Beijing. Even the boatman Sun Jing was appointed as chengxinlang.

In February of the first year of Shaoxing (1131), Qin Hui was promoted to an official. Fan Zongyin, the prime minister, suggested to discuss the abuse of rewards by the imperial court since Chongning and Daguan of Huizong. Qin Hui strongly supported it, but Gao Zong firmly opposed it. Qin Hui agreed with Gao Zong and tried to exclude fan Zongyin on this basis. In July, fan Zongyin dismissed his prime minister. Qin Hui threatened: "I have two strategies to stir up the world." Someone asked him why he didn't say it. Qin Hui said, "there is no prime minister now, so it can't be carried out." In August, Qin Hui was promoted to the post of youpushe, the official of tongzhongshu, and the official of Privy Council. In September, LV Yihao paid homage to his prime minister twice and took charge of the government with Qin Hui. Qin Hui conspired to seize Lu Yihao's power, so he let Dang Yu make a rumor, saying: "King Xuan of Zhou built internal affairs and fought against foreign enemies, so he was able to prosper. Today, he is in charge of internal affairs and foreign affairs." Emperor Gaozong ordered LV Yihao to be in charge of military affairs and Qin Hui to be in charge of government affairs.

Political disturbance

In the second year of Shaoxing (1132) in May, Qin Hui asked for the establishment of a political repair Bureau. He raised his case and led the government affairs with Zhai ruwen. Later, Qin Hui impeached Zhai ruwen to deal with the officials without authorization, and Zhai ruwen was dismissed. Qin Hui's party members Liu Yizhi and Zeng Tong also believed that there was no need to set up a political repair Bureau, but Qin Hui did not listen. Soon, some people talked about abolishing the political situation. Both of them said that they could not abolish it. In July, the imperial court abolished the political situation and dismissed Liu Yizhi as a living man.

Since he returned to the imperial palace of Jiangdu, LV Yihao planned to drive away Qin Hui. With Zhu SHENGFEI's help, he appointed Huang guinian as the imperial censor and Liu Wei as the right secretary. Huang guinian impeached Qin Hui's peace negotiation, destroyed the restoration, formed a party and monopolized power, which would not last long. He compared Qin Hui to Wang Mang and Dong Zhuo. Qin Hui also promoted Hu Anguo, Zhang Tao, Cheng Yu and other celebrities and entrusted them with important posts in order to exclude Lu Yihao.

LV Yihao asked Xi Yi for countermeasures. Xi Yi offered some advice. He regarded Qin Hui and his party members as friends. First of all, he wanted to get rid of Hu Anguo, the leader of the party. The imperial court ordered Zhu SHENGFEI to be the same governor, and wrote to Hu'an that it was not available. The imperial court ordered Zhu SHENGFEI to be Liquan Guan envoy and servant. Hu'an asked to resign, but Qin Hui repeatedly urged him to stay. Later, Zhang Tao, Hu Shijiang and Wu biaochen, members of Qin Hui's party, were dismissed from Shangshu province. In August, Emperor Gaozong called Qigu ceremony into the palace

Chinese PinYin : Qin Gui