Bai Xingjian

Bai Xingjian

Bai Xingjian (776-826), a writer of Tang Dynasty, was born in dongguozhai (now dongguosi village, Chengguan Township) in the west of Zheng City, Henan Province. The younger brother of the famous writer Bai Juyi. At the end of Zhenyuan Dynasty (805), he was a Jinshi. He was awarded the title of secretary, provincial scholar, Lei Qian's member, Wai Lang, master and guest doctor. He has 10 volumes of anthology with simple diction and his elder brother's style.

In 818, Bai Juyi was demoted as Sima of Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province). Bai Xingjian and Bai Juyi met in Jiangzhou. When Bai Juyi was appointed governor of Zhongzhou, Bai Xingjian also went up the river with his elder brother. In the 14th year of Yuanhe (819), on the way to Zhongzhou, Bai Xingjian, Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen met at huangniu gorge of Yiling, visited Sanyou cave of Xiling Gorge of the Yangtze River, recited poems and wrote Fu, known as "Sanyou cave cliff". At present, there are still stone statues of Bai Xingjian, Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen in Sanyou cave of Yichang city.

Later, Bai Xingjian joined the court with Bai Juyi, and successively took the posts of Zuo Shiyi, Si Menyuan wailang, master and guest doctor, etc.

Bai Xingjian has a beautiful writing style, and is the author of Legends of Tang Dynasty such as biography of Li Wa and three dreams. Bai Xingjian's Ode to heaven, earth, yin and Yang was discovered by French Sinologist Percy and from Dunhuang Grottoes and brought back to Paris. Later, it was translated into English by Dutch diplomat Gao luopei and became famous all over the world.

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His fu is especially precise, and all the literati learn from it. Bai Xingjian is famous for its legend. Li Wa's masterpiece. It is also known as the biography of the wife of the state of Ji. Zheng Sheng, a great Xingyang family, fell in love with Li WA, a prostitute in Chang'an. After many twists and turns, he died several times and finally got a happy ending (see Taiping Guangji). The story of Li Wa is full of ups and downs. The description of Li Wa and Zheng Sheng is appropriate, and the characters are more personalized; the description of some specific scenes is also very detailed and realistic, which shows the high achievement of realism in the legendary creation of Tang Dynasty. Bai Xingjian also wrote "Three Dreams", three things are short, the wording is simple, and the plot is quite strange. The article Fengyang scholars in Liaozhaizhiyi is influenced by it.

In addition, he wrote a Ode to heaven, earth, yin and Yang, and the full text was commented by Dutch embassy counselor Gao luopei: "this article has a beautiful style and provides a lot of materials about the living habits of the Tang Dynasty."

Life of the characters

At the end of Zhengyuan period (805), Emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty was a Jinshi in the examination of Bai Xing's bamboo slips and was awarded the title of secretary of provincial school.

In the middle of yuan he, Lu Tan became the governor of Dongchuan and called him as the chief secretary.

In the 12th year of Yuanhe (817), when Lutan died, he left the Dongchuan shogunate. In the spring of the next year, he took the Three Gorges waterway to Xunyang and reunited with his elder brother Bai Juyi, who was the Sima of Jiangzhou. Bai Juchang wrote two poems to record the story and to celebrate the reunion of his brothers.

In the spring of the fourteenth year of Yuanhe, Bai Xingjian went to Zhongzhou with her brother Bai Juyi. The next year (820), she returned to Chang'an, the capital city, with her brother. She appointed Zuo Shiyi and moved to wailang, a member of the Department, as well as a doctor. At the end of Changqing, zhenwushui's operation of farmland envoy he Bazhi's class was untrue, and the imperial court ordered Bai Xingjian to review it. After he verified the situation, he revealed he's fraud and committed suicide.

In the winter of 826, Bai Xingjian was 50 years old.

Representative works

Master Guqin

Xuan's father was poor and abstruse, and his teacher taught Su Qin.

A little special water lead, all distinguish Saint heart.

Mu De's voice is more than feeling, and his heart is deep.

It's cool to pass on the wonderful hand, and it can shake the empty forest.

Promote the tune to the wind, hold string day Shen.

In the end of the song, the feeling is endless, and I look up to my bosom friend through the ages.

Return to Mahua mountain

After the success of Muye, the king of Zhou had no time to fight.

Drive away the rest soap, drink the wine and let it fall on the mountain.

Day by day still go, with the wind from the evening.

Ice doubts longban, leaves fall like Yuguan.

Walk out under the Xianfeng, Tengyi Weishui Bay.

Fortunately, at the right time, Yanwu was no longer in the middle of the drum.

Where does spring come from

If you want to know where Chunsheng is, you should first come from mude.

At the beginning of the story, you can see the willow and the plum in duling.

Through the snow, the cold light disperses, the ice removing water mirror opens.

In the morning, I ride to the suburbs, and in the night, I go back by dipper.

Shu Qi changes in the air, new sound after rain.

It should be waiting for the balcony.

Literary achievements

Biography of Li wa

According to historical records, Bai Xing's bamboo slips are sensitive and have words. Fu is especially precise, and scholars all learn from it. Bai Xing's bamboo slips are famous for their legends. "The style of writing is brother style, especially the precision of Fu, and all the literati learn from it.". He has a collection of 20 volumes, but they are all lost. His legend, biography of Li WA, was recorded in Taiping Guangji and has been handed down to this day.

The novel briefly describes that a young master of Xingyang in Tianbao fell in love with Li Shi, a prostitute, when he went to Beijing to be a scholar. He ran out of money for more than a year, and his false mother abandoned it. Then he became ill with resentment and became an elegy singer. Once, he was found by his father in a song contest. He blamed him for insulting his family and whipped him to death. He was saved by his companions, but his whole body was festering and he became a beggar.

One day, Li wailed in the snow, which he heard. He mourned for himself, redeemed himself and cohabited with his son, and encouraged him to study. Born Jinshi and awarded Chengdu government to join the army. His father is suitable for Chengdu Yin, but his father and son recognize each other. The father felt the matter and prepared six rites to marry Li. More than ten years later, he became a senior official in the field, and Li was the wife of the state of Li. The story is pure fiction. In the society at that time, the love between scholars and prostitutes could not have a perfect result, which was more whimsical than Li's. This "happy ending" avoids the sharp contradiction of reality, and has become a model often used in later drama novels. But it also does reflect a kind and good wish of people, that is, they hope that the couple who have been suffering for a long time will finally get the ideal combination, and the readers will get a kind of illusory satisfaction of life from it.

Biography of Li Wa is one of the most excellent works in the legends of Tang and Song dynasties. It is said that it was written at the order of Li Gongzuo. Through the love story between a young man of Xingyang and Li WA, a famous prostitute, the novel shows a couple of young men and women with different origins. After all kinds of hardships, they finally win the theme of love and happiness. It creates the image of Li WA, a woman with low social status, lofty spiritual realm and sincere and kind feelings. It makes a sharp mockery of the self exalted Xingyang, which has a strong sense of humor It is of practical significance to oppose feudalism. Up to now, the image of Li wa still lives on the stage of drama.

Da Le Fu

Bai Xingjian's "Da Le Fu of heaven and earth, yin and Yang" (hereinafter referred to as "Da Le Fu") can be regarded as the most wonderful prose in ancient and modern times.

Da Le Fu, written by Bai Xingjian, is from Mingsha Mountain Grottoes in Dunhuang County, Gansu Province. It uses slang, which is related to the style of writing advocated by the new Yuefu movement advocated by Bai Juyi. This Fu is the only work in ancient times to describe the intercourse between men and women in the room in the form of literature. Its purpose is to narrate human relations, make peace with husband and wife, and family. It is a rare work of healthy sex literature. There is a general order in the beginning of this Fu. From the perspective of Confucian orthodoxy, this paper expounds the desirability and necessity of studying the sex of men and women. It shows that healthy sex is the best pleasure in the world. The author thinks that there is nothing happier in the world. As the author said, "there is no such thing as happiness, so it is called Da Le Fu".

The first paragraph is about the development of young boys and girls, their love of spring, and the ceremony of marriage. These are normal physiological phenomena and necessary for life.

In the second and third paragraphs, the author writes about the wedding night of the noble literati in his time and how the couple have sex after marriage. It mainly describes the frolic before sexual intercourse, the ten movements and the ten already in sexual intercourse

Bai Xingjian also wrote a story of three dreams, which can be seen in the original Shuo Ying. The three events are short in length, simple in diction, and bizarre in plot. The article Fengyang scholars in Liaozhaizhiyi is influenced by it.

Work content

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Li wa

Biography

It is also known as the biography of the wife of the state of Ji.

Li WA, the wife of the state of Wei, is also the advocator of Chang'an. The festival line is magnificent, has the full name. Therefore, the censor Bai Xing Jian is a biography. Among the Tianbao, there is the governor of Xingyang in Changzhou, whose name and surname are not written. He was highly respected at that time, and his family was very Yin. In the year of knowing one's life, one of his sons began to be weak. He had a lot of words and was very different from others. His father loved him and said, "this is my family. "When a scholar was given a gift from his hometown, he would be able to travel, which is the decoration of his clothes, chariots and horses, and the cost of his capital's salary.". He said: "when I look at your talents, I will be the leader in the first World War. It will be his ambition to prepare for two years. "Life is also conceited, as the palm of one's hand. From piling, more than a month to Chang'an, living in buzhengli. You will visit friends in the southwest. To Ming Ke Qu, see a house, the door is not very wide, and the room is strict, close a door. There is a baby with a pair of green maid standing, demon posture to wonderful, peerless. Life suddenly see it, do not feel stop for a long time, wandering can not go. It's a trick to drop the whip on the ground. Those who are waiting for the whip will take it. They are tired to look at her. She looks back and looks at her. She is so adored that she doesn't dare to speak. Born in your heart, if you have something wrong with it, you should inform your friend who is familiar with Chang'an. Friend said: "this narrow evil girl Li's house is also. "Said:" can I ask for a baby? "He said," Li's family is quite supportive. Those who have been in touch with each other before have many noble and powerful families. They have a wide range of income. They can't move their ambition without accumulating millions. "Sheng said:" if you have a problem with disharmony, though you have a million, how can you cherish it! "In the future, I will clean my clothes and go with my guests. If you close the door, you will find a servant in Russia. Sheng said, "whose is the first? "Shier didn't answer, but he left and called out," Yice Lang of the past. "Baby big Yue said:" Er Gu Zhi, I when the whole makeup easy to wear out. "I'm glad to hear it. But lead to Xiao wall, see a grandmother droop white on the bow, namely baby mother also. Before kneeling down to worship, Sheng said, "I'm glad to hear that there is a gap in this place

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