Bai Hua

Xiaoya Baihua

Xiaoya Baihua is a poem in the book of songs, the first poetry collection in ancient China. This is one of the many abandoned women poems in the book of songs. From the tone of the poem, the protagonist should be an aristocratic woman. There are eight chapters in the poem, four sentences in each chapter, and each chapter changes the meaning of Bixing. The first two sentences use Bixing, and the last two sentences express the feelings of sadness and loss after a woman's fall from grace, and portray the image of a pure, kind, straightforward and infatuated woman. The implication, the implication, has something to ponder.

Original works

Xiaoya Baihua

1. Baihuakan 2. Baimaoshuxi 3. My son is far away, so that I can be alone. Yingying Baiyun 6, Lubi Jianmao 7. Heaven's step is eight, but the son of heaven is nine. The pond flows northward for 10 days and soaks in the paddy field. Xiao Song is sad 11, read that Shuo person 12. He was 13 years old and 14 years old. Vibe is a great man. It's hard for me. the drum bell is in palace 16, and the sound is heard outside. Read the period 17, see me step 18. Bunting in Liang 19, crane in Lin 20. Vibe is a great man, it's hard for me. Yuan Yang is in the Liang Dynasty. His son is not virtuous. There are 23 stones and 24 shoes. My son is far away from me.

Note translation

Notes on words and sentences

Bai Hua: white flower. < li > < li > Jian: perennial herb, also known as Lu mang. < / Li > < li > white grass: also known as silk grass, because the leaves are like spears. < li > < li > far away: far away. < / Li > < li > Bi (B ǐ): make. < / Li > < li > Yingying: it is also called "grand", with a white appearance. < / Li > < li > dew: refers to the drop of moisture into dew, which also means moistening. < / Li > < li > Tianbu: fortune, destiny. < / Li > < li > it's better than that. When it comes to bad things. < / Li > < li > 滮 (BI ā o): the name of water, in the north of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. < / Li > < li > Xiaoge: it means singing while crying. Sad: sad and thinking. A tall man is a beauty. Here we should refer to the handsome man in his heart. < / Li > < li > firewood: firewood, here refers to firewood. Mulberry wood firewood. < / Li > < li > ang: me. The woman called herself. 煁 (SH é n): a walking stove for baking in winter. < li > < li > Lao: worry. < / Li > < li > drum Bell: ring the bell. Drum, beat. < / Li > < li > period (C ǎ o): sad and uneasy. < / Li > < li > Maimai: not happy. < / Li > < li > bunting (Q ī U): the name of a water bird. It has no hair on its head and neck and looks like a crane. It is also called a vulture. Beam: the fish beam, the dam to stop the fish. < / Li > < li > crane in the forest: crane is a noble bird, but it is in the forest, which means the person you love is far away. < li > < li > (J í) its left wing: mandarin ducks put their mouths in the left wing to rest. < / Li > < li > two, three, three, three, three, three, three, three, three, three, three, three, three, three, three, two, two, two, two, two, two, two, two, two, two, two, two, two, two, two, two, two, two, two. < / Li > < li > have flat: that is "flat", the shape of a stone. Riding on a stone is the stone you step on when you ride. < / Li > < li > shoes: step on, refers to step on the foot when riding. < / Li > < li > 疧 (Q í): lovesickness due to sadness.

Vernacular translation

Fragrant grass, white flowers, white grass bundle good for him. Now this man goes far away, leaving me alone. thick clouds and fog float in the air, moistening Kan grass and silk grass. How hard my fate is, he is not as good as Yunlu. The water slowly flows northward, infiltrating the green paddy fields. Side number side song heart pain, missing that person in the heart. Cut down the mulberry branch as firewood and burn it in the stove to warm your body. It breaks my heart to think of that bodybuilder. When you ring the bell in the palace, the sound must be heard outside. Remembrance disturbs me, but you see me as a passer-by. Ugly bald in the fish beam, noble crane in the woods. Think of that bodybuilding person, really torment my heart. A pair of mandarin ducks are sleeping soundly under the bridge of the fish. I hate this man who has no conscience and forgets me in an instant. flat, flat stone, though low, stepped on. It's hard to hate him for being so far away from me.

Creative background

"Preface to Mao's poetry" says: "Bai Hua, the people of Zhou Dynasty, is also the empress of you. After you king married Shen Nu, he got to praise Si and dethrone Shen Hou. Therefore, in the process of nationalization, concubines were taken as wives and iniquities were taken as ancestors. Wang Fu was able to govern, and the works of Zhou people were poems. " Zhu Xi's "differentiation of the preface to poetry" says: "this matter has a basis, and the preface covers it." It is believed that this was made by the people after Shen. This is quite creditable. It can be seen from many abandoned women's poems preserved in the book of songs that women in marriage are in a very unequal position, whether in the folk or in the upper class. If they encounter bad people, it is inevitable that they will be abandoned. Such historical facts can be seen from different angles in the poems of Ying Feng, Gu Feng, Wei Feng, Meng and Xiao Ya.

Appreciation of works

Overall appreciation

The poem consists of eight chapters, with four sentences in one chapter. In the first chapter, Kan Cao and Bai Mao are used together to reflect that it is common sense for couples to love each other. Among them, Kan Cao Bai Hua and Mao Cao's white symbolize purity and harmony of love, which is consistent with "Bai Mao Bao Zhi" and "Bai Mao Chun Shu" in Zhaonan wild dead bunting. It can be seen that "Bai Mao" was a common symbolic image at that time. Originally, the common sense is self-evident, but here it is "the son of the far, let me alone.". One is positive and the other is negative, which lays the tragic tone of the whole poem. The second chapter moistens the grass and thatch with white clouds and sweet dew, which is against the common sense of husband and wife. Although there is a direct correspondence and mapping between Baiyun Ganlu's moistening of Kan Cao and the unfairness of fate to the abandoned heroine, in fact, it seems to blame the heaven, but in fact, the target is this ungrateful husband. In the third chapter of the poem, the rice fields are irrigated by a pond flowing northward, which is opposite to the merciless husband's love for his wife. Although this chapter is the same as the first two chapters in terms of the method of rise, it uses things to describe people, and uses the common sense of heaven to counter the evil feelings of people. Therefore, Zheng Jian explained: "the water in the pond infiltrates the paddy field to make it reproduce, which means that the king is ungrateful after Shen, and the pond is inferior to Shen." But then the heroine's story changed from "son" to "master". As for "Shuo Ren", predecessors such as Kong Yingda quoted Wang Su and Sun Yu as saying that after Shuo Ren referred to Shen, Zhu Xi thought that Shuo Ren referred to you Wang. In the following two chapters of Kui's original poems, shuoren is alluded to the fact that things are out of place, implying that people are in an improper position. Zheng xuanjian interpreted "shuoren" as "a man of great demons, which is called Baosi", which is consistent with the poetic meaning. As soon as the conversation begins, the exclamation in the next chapter will appear natural and appropriate. the fourth chapter inherits the meaning of anti Xing in the first three chapters, that is to say, Sang's salary can not be used, and Xing's heroine's virtue is not appreciated by her husband, but abandoned. Contrary to his own fate, "vibe Shuo Ren", remembering that "demon man" seduced his husband to take his place, all these things are really distressing. The fifth chapter is about the sound of the bell. It must be known to all the Chinese people that it was abolished after the founding of the people's Republic of China. As the saying goes, "there is no impermeable wall", this is also called. He has been abandoned, but his heart never forgets, so he has an abandoned wife who "reads the son period"; since he has abandoned it, he must be tired of it first, so he has a ruthless husband who "looks at me step by step". In contrast, the kindness and obedience of the abandoned woman and the frivolity and ruthlessness of her husband are more obvious. The sixth chapter is similar to the fourth chapter in poetic meaning, which is based on the change of concubines. At the same time, there is a metaphorical relationship between the white and meekness of crane and the greedy and sinister of bunting and Shen Hou and Bao Si. The seduction of the "demon man" is really an important reason for the heroine's abandonment. No wonder she keeps on thinking of the demon man again and again. Chapter seven is about the immoral behavior of loving each other by the couple who always live together. Only when this chapter is read together with the fourth, fifth and sixth chapters can we have a deeper understanding of the resentment of abandoned women. She is actually saying: Although the charming woman is very attractive, if the husband considers the natural and human feelings instead of "two or three virtues", it will not have today's results. The last chapter of the poem is about the miserable fate of the dethroned after he was promoted by the low status of flat stone. The abandoned women have to consider their own fate, "the distance of their children, so that I can't forget.". In the face of the unknown future, we must be worried and become ill. Finally, it should be pointed out that the first chapter of the poem begins with an aria, three sentences end with "Xi", and the last chapter ends with an aria, which also ends with "Xi". The tone of each chapter in the middle is rapid, and it has the momentum of letting out the pain in the heart. Between the urgency, there is a lot of organization. When reading, there is a lingering feeling.

Comments on celebrities

Zhu Xi of Song Dynasty: Biye. After the king of you married Shen Nu, he got the commendation of Si and dethroned Shen Hou, so Shen Hou wrote this poem. If Baihua is regarded as Kan, then Baimao is regarded as a bundle. The two things are very small, just like the necessary use of each other. What son is so far away that I can be alone? " (Chapter 3) "the words of small water flowing slightly, can still be soaked and irrigated, the king's respect is great, but he can't pass his favor, so it makes me cry sad and read it." (Chapter 4) "Biye. Sang Xinyi is a good cook, but he is a candle burner. He is inferior to his Empress. " (Chapter 6) "Biye. Su said: the cranes all feed on fish. However, when cranes are used to live in the river, there is a time when they are clear and turbid. Today, he is in the Liang, and the crane is in the forest, he is full

Chinese PinYin : Bai Hua