Wang Yu

Wang Yu

Wang Yu, born on January 1, the eighth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, died on the winter solstice in the 38th year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (February 17, 1635 - December 21, 1699), with the name of Hongyou and the name of Jiyuan, was born in Taicang Prefecture of nanzhili.

Wang Yu was born in a famous family, and his ancestor was Wang of Taiyuan. His great grandfather Wang xijue was the first assistant in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. His ancestor Wang HENGGUAN went to the Hanlin academy to edit, and his father Wang Shimin went to Taichang Temple Shaoqing with yinguan, ranking first among the "four kings" of Wuzhong painting school. Wang Yu is the seventh son of Wang Shimin.

When he was young, Wang was taught by his fellow countryman Chen Hu. A little longer, he studied from Qian Qianyi and Wu Weiye, and his poetic style is similar to that of Wu Weiye. Together with Zhou Zhao, Xu Xu, Wang Yaosheng, Gu Mei, Wang Hao, Huang Yujian and his brothers Wang Kui, Wang Zhuan and Wang Bian, they are known as the "ten sons of Loudong".

Wang Yu has written such manuscripts as Bu Yan Ji and Lu Zhong Ji.

Life of the characters

The year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty

Wang Shi Min, the seventh son of Wang Shi Min, was born on January 1, 1635. (Note: according to Yan Dichang's history of Qing poetry, general catalogue of other collections of Qing people, general catalogue of collection of Qing people's poems and essays, and Jiang Qingbai's chronology of Qing people's life and death, Wang was born in the ninth year of Chongzhen. But according to the chronicle of Wang Chaosong written by Wang's elder brother, Wang's mother, Yihai was eight years old, born in the eighth year of Chongzhen on New Year's day. Therefore, he was born on New Year's day in the eighth year of Chongzhen In 1640, Wang Kai Meng was a student. Together with his fifth brother Wang, he went to school under Zeng Yishu. He was six years old. See the chronicle of Wang Chaosong: Geng Chen is 13 years old. He and his seven younger brothers are all educated by Zeng Shi.

Shunzhi year of Qing Dynasty

In the eighth year of Shunzhi (1651), Wang Yu and his sixth brother Wang Fu joined in the middle school as a scholar and a supplementary student. His teacher is Li Gu, the academic administrator of Su Song in Jiangnan. See "fengchanggong Chronicle" Volume 3: Zifu, Huo Tongbu, Dr. disciple members. After July 15, 1654, Wang Zhen and his elder brothers Wang Zhuan, Wang Zhen and Wang Fu went to Nanjing to take part in the rural examination. See the chronicle of Wang Chaosong: in July, I went to the province for an examination. Yu Tongjiang's teacher, seven younger brothers, and Yi Wang's family name was Liu. In 1657, a case of Dingyou imperial examination took place, in which Wu Zhaoqian, Wang's best friend, was involved and assigned to Ninggu pagoda. In more than ten years after this incident, Wang Yi wrote poems such as "he Wu hancha inquired about the criminal department's mouth Zhanyun", "Huai Wu hancha in prison", "Xi Wu Hongren Wen Xia Nan Huan", "Huai Wu hancha", "Xi Wu hancha returned to Xu Jian'an palace praise Yun", etc., in which he expressed his dissatisfaction with the cultural oppression of the Qing Dynasty. In the same year, Wu Weiye went to his mother's funeral and returned to Taicang in the south. Wang Baibai learned to write poems under his door. In 1659, Chen Hu compiled the poems of his disciples and concluded them into the second volume of congyouji. The first volume contains some of Wang's poems. In the same year, Du Jun often went to Wang Yu's house to play chess with him. From morning till night, they refused to stop for a while, so they became friends. In the 18th year of Shunzhi (1661), Wang Zhen wrote a farewell poem "sending Mr. Wen Jieshi back to southern Yunnan" for Wen Zuyao.

The year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty

In the fifth year of Kangxi (1666), Wang Zhen did not take part in the examination because of illness. See the letter of Xilu family sent to Wang Shimin, the elder brother of Wang Zhen: after the only seven younger brother suffered from carbuncle, he came back with three malaria cases and came back to Jingkou with the crowd. At the same time, the family was also poor because of illness. His brother wrote in his book: after the third malaria of the seventh brother, he turned into the malarial disease of the sun, which seemed to be cured, and the colder and hotter he became, which was like withered wax. The mother died of childbirth and illness for several months. She was dying and had only one breath left in her bed. All her children were suffering from malaria. The family was ill and had nothing to do with medicine. The cold clothes were exhausted and there was no millet in the bottle. In July of the 14th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (1675), Wang Zhen visited Du Jun in Jiming mountain and wrote poems as a gift. Among them, "although the mountains and rivers have been changed, the cangcang rocks are still there" and "the situation of parting has been revived, and tears are like numbness at this time." It expresses the thoughts of Wang Yu and Du Jun for their homeland. In 1676, Wang met Gu Yanwu in Beijing. See the second manuscript of Jiang Shanyu. In the summer of the same year, Wang Zhen and Wang Shizhen met in the capital, and they helped Wang Zhen to publish his book "collection of juqing". See preface of luzhongji. In the 23rd year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (1684), Wang Zhen wrote "after Mr. Ruan Ting, a family wine collector, gathered his friends to live in the Imperial Palace, he immediately separated the word" rain "from" cool "with the rhyme of Wei Suzhou's cloud, fresh water, rain and light Lotus". In the same year, Wang Yu wrote a preface to duanfeng poetry anthology by Mao Shizhu. In September of the 31st year of Kangxi (1692), Wang visited Wang Shizhen's house again and wrote thirteen poems about Ruan Ting's villa in Xicheng. In the autumn of 1698, the 37th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign, Wang Zhen came to Beijing with hemoptysis. In the same year, Wang Pei finished the manuscript of Lu Zhong Ji. In the 38th year of Kangxi's reign (1699), Wang came home in May, and his illness improved. See Wang Zhen's "Xi Qi Di's arrival at home and illness reduction". On November 1 (December 21), Wang Yu fell ill and died. It is said in the preface of Wang Zhen's Wai Hong you di that if you don't want to grow to the end of the day, you will become a eternal formula and mourn with your coffin.

Character evaluation

Chen Hu said in the volume of congyouji: "Taichang teaches his son to be strict, and he worships under the bed when he gets up in the morning. There is no such thing as "go" and "bosai" in order to change their feelings. Therefore, all the scholars have made great efforts to write poems and write books. They are as respectful as Wandan Jun of Han Dynasty. Li called good childe, do not ask can be known as Taiyuan. Hongyou is the youngest, and general you Wenyuan is also His poems in the Tang Dynasty, familiar in the chest, occasionally give a word, string Lianzhu Guan, chanting like flow. Therefore, his works, as well as the victory of the three changes of various schools, are solemn and stirring at the beginning, which is similar to Zi Mei, fresh and beautiful when compared, and graceful and restrained when compared. " Wu Weiye compiled the selected poems of ten sons of Taicang. He merged with his elder brothers, Kui, Zhuan, and he, and became a scholar of the time. Shen Deqian's Guochao Poetry Anthology: "Taiyuan's Wang family has many talents in Kunji, which is no less than Xie Guojiang, and Luzhong's one episode is particularly correct." Comments on Yao Ying's Shi Xiao Lu: Yu Kao Shi Zi Among them, Duanshi, Yiren and Hongyou are the most. According to Wang Shizhen's preface to the collected works of juqing, there are about two ways for ancient poems to be handed down in the latter: the works of climbing on the mountain are easy to be mysterious; the works of nostalgia are easy to be solemn and stirring This summer, when I met the capital, I published a volume of the collection of the Qing Dynasty. It is said that there are almost both the mysterious and the tragic If you don't make friends with others, you can't be more talented No doubt it will be handed down to later generations. " A review of the first edition of the collection of contributions from the senior officials of the state Dynasty The seven sons and the eight sons all inherited their family learning, including Kui, Kui and Kui "Songxin RI Lu" is recorded by Zhang Weiping. "Lu Zhong Ji · publishing instructions", a photocopy of Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, says: "when you were young, you suffered from the pain of national subjugation, the fall of Yiyou, and the great family in the south of the Yangtze River, they all suffered from the sharp attack. The Wangs in Taicang and the Wens in Changzhou are especially famous. Although he was very talented and well-known, he eventually resisted and was not an official, and he died in poverty. In the early days of his poems, he returned to the old people of Shengguo for a long time, because of the feeling of many camel spines and the thought of his homeland. In his later years, he traveled to Lingqiao in the south, to Lulong in the north, and to mountains and rivers. He and Gu Yanwu traveled all over the country. There were poems and the same feeling. "

personal works

Anthology

Bu Yan Ji

This collection was collected as early as the 17th year of Shunzhi in Taicang Shizi poetry anthology, and Buyan collection contains 100 poems.

Lu Zhong Ji

The last draft of this collection was written in 1698, the 37th year of Kangxi, one year before Wang's death. This book has ten volumes, including 695 poems from 1656 to 1697.

According to Qing Ji

Wang Yu, Wang Yu's fifth brother, recorded in his collection of Chaosong, and Wang Yu wrote the collection of juqing. In his preface to luzhongji, Wang Zhen said that Wang Shizhen wrote a preface to this collection, because this collection is an early work of Wang Zhen, which contains poems before the 14th year of Kangxi (1675), which is a repetition of luzhongji revised in his later years. It can be inferred that Wang he merged some poems in the collection of Ju Qing into the collection of Lu Zhong in his later years. Therefore, "according to the collection of Qing" has disappeared

Jinling collection

Wang Shizhen, a great poet of Qing Dynasty, wrote a preface for him. Now it's lost. In his Fen Gan Yu Hua, Wang Shi Zhen said: loujiang's ten sons, Hongyou's Wang Zhen's talent is especially high, and I try to preface his Jinling collection.

Ji Xin Ji

Ji Xin Ji Ji, a collection of poems written by ten poets including Wang Yu and Wang Shixiang, has been lost.

Poetry

Nostalgia for hometown

At the time of Ming Dynasty's death, Wang was only ten years old, but his poems were full of sighs about the rise and fall, and the feeling of camel spine. His yearning for his country runs through his poetry creation. Such as "Ye Wu Xiang Guo Ci", "Jiao Fang Lao Lao Lao Xing", "Jiashen may Shuo", sun Xiucai Fanzhi and Zhang Shenrong ran against Yu Kou Ji Chang and Si Er Ling. To Changping, he wrote poems such as 24 rhymes, Qinhuai leisure, zhibaimen, and eight poems of nostalgia.

Talent but not class

For example, in "return to Xushu, use Luo Zhao to admonish the East and make rhymes on the way back", there is a saying that "it's not my business to abandon your ambition, but it's still a cloth when you are down."

Friends gathering

For example, after the rain, Ruan Ting, a family wine collector, immediately took the rhyme of Wei Suzhou yundanshui as the rhyme and got the word "rain" and "cool", "13 poems about Ruan Ting's villa in Xicheng" and "send Mr. Wen Jieshi back to southern Yunnan"

Dissatisfaction with the Qing court

In the early Qing Dynasty, most of the literati refused to speak up in the face of the persecution of the Qing court. In the face of the Qing court's persecution of his friend Wu Zhaoqian in the Dingyou imperial examination case, Wang wrote a lot of poems to express his dissatisfaction with the Qing court. For example, he Wu hancha inquires the criminal Department of Kou Zhan Yun, Huai Wu hancha, Xi Wu hancha returns Xu Jian'an Gong Zanyun, Huai Wu hancha's two songs in prison, Xi Wu Hongren hears Xia Nanhuan, etc

Travel notes

Two rhymes of Mr. Gu Tinglin at Juyong Pass, two rhymes of Mr. Gu Tinglin at Liu Jianyi temple and Yellow River Song

Chinese PinYin : Wang Shu