Wang Yanhong

Wang Yanhong

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Wang Yanhong (1593-1642) was a poet in the late Ming Dynasty. Word back. Jintan people. During the Wanli period, he served as a tribute to Huating county (now Songjiang, Shanghai) and died as an official. Gongshi, especially YANTI. The more famous ones are "Lu Festival riverside banquet", "mourning for flowers", "watching the city tower", "Fu De BIE Meng Yi to Xie Jia", "chasing the twelve rhymes of yuxuanji, the female crown of the Tang Dynasty". His poems, such as Manjianghong, are deeply affectionate and popular. His works include Ni Lian Ji, Yi Yu Ji and Yi Yun Ji.

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family background

Wang family in Ming Dynasty is a famous family in Jintan. Wang Yanhong's ancestors are very glorious. Wang Zhen, Wang Qiao, and Wang KENTANG's three generations of Jinshi are all erudite scholars with remarkable achievements in official career. Wang Yanhong's grandfather, Wang Qijiang, whose name is Yuding, was a Gongsheng, Wang Qiao's eldest son, and Wang KENTANG's elder brother. He once served as a teacher in Pinghu, a professor in Zhangzhou, and a magistrate of Shexian county. Wang Yanhong's father, Wang Maokun, was renamed Lichang and was once a magistrate of Nan'an County in Fujian Province. Therefore, Wang Yanhong was born in a scholarly family and an official family. He married his wife he, who was the same age as him. His husband and wife loved each other and respected each other as a guest. He had a daughter, Wang Lang, who was a famous poetess in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty.

suffer many a setback during one 's life

Wang Yanhong's official career was poor and his life was full of setbacks. He lost his wife at the age of 36 and was not elected at the age of 41. In Chongzhen period, he was a year-old tribute officer in Huating County of Songjiang Prefecture. But at this time, he was already suffering from all kinds of diseases. In 1642, he died at the age of 50. In the Ming Dynasty, local Confucian government set up professors (from Jiupin), prefectures set up Xuezheng, counties set up Jiaoyu, and each set up two or three instructors as assistants. According to the modern saying, Wang Yanhong was only a county school instructor in his later years.

Characteristics of poetry

Wang Yanhong is a brilliant poet who is knowledgeable in ancient times, good at poetry and calligraphy. There are 1372 poems and 104 Ci poems in his two poetry collections of doubtful rain and doubtful clouds, among which there are about 1000 gorgeous poems describing love between men and women. These works are fluent in language, sincere in emotion and fragrant, and most of them are related to the poet's life experience. Wang Yanhong regards poetry writing as his life. He uses Dianli Jinggong's love poems to resolve his fame complex, uses profound and gorgeous love poems to express his yearning for a better spirit, and uses affectionate love poems to comfort his tortured soul on the road of imperial examination. The poetry collection is full of fragrant, infatuated, regretful, reminiscent and sad words, such as "the water country does not produce red beans, what to give you to help Acacia", "clearly lovely people are like the moon, indifferent and hard to find a way, separated by smoke", "the origin of half a moment is worth thousands of gold, only like a flower in a dark", "a few layers of fragrant trees, only separated by joy, not separated by sorrow". It's a pity that another collection of Wang Yanhong's poems, nilian, has been lost.

Influenced by the literary revivalism of the late Ming Dynasty, Wang Yanhong seriously studied and inherited the poetic styles of Li Shangyin, Han Luo, Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi in Tang Dynasty, especially made bold use of and explored Li Shangyin's profound and refined poetic style, which fully showed his strong points in expressing feelings. The dictionary of poetry appreciation of yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties (Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House) commented: "many poets of yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties studied Li Shang's implicit love poems, and Wang Cihui achieved the highest achievement."

The influence of poetry

He Shang recorded the influence of Wang Ci's Poems: "Wang Ci's poems were named Yanhong, later he was a scholar in Yunjian, and Yu followed his mother and grandson. I like to write erotic poems, but I like to write hundreds of them. When I see them, I can see that people's heart and spleen will be refreshed, and the customs will change. It's more than Xiaoyuan Baiyun. " Wang Ci's poems changed the customs in his hometown, which shows his strong appeal. Wrinkling water Xuan CI Yao was written in 1660 of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty at the latest, because there are many contents in Yi Sheng Chu Ji compiled by Wang Shizhen and Zou Zhimo in this year. He Shang's theory is naturally about the situation of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty or before. During the reign of Kangxi, Wang Cihui's poems were more popular and influential. For example, Chen Weisong once mentioned that Wang Cihui "spread the story of Wu Xia in the style of fragrant dowry" and Yan shengsun wrote a preface for the first edition of the collection of doubtful rain, which said: "today's collection of doubtful rain is very famous. It's written by the young people in Jiangzuo, who want to be a famous writer because they keep a pot in their home and irrigate the rest.".

Wang CI Hui's poems also had a certain impact on the creation of some important scholars at that time, including Wang Shi Zhen, who was in charge of the League of poetry, and Nalan Xingde, one of the three great poets in the early Qing Dynasty. Yuan Mei said in his book "re writing with Shen Da Da Bo that" the second time I came back, I was brilliant, Ruan Ting was concentrated, and I stole it from time to time. ". Yuan Mei didn't give any specific examples of "stealing" in Wang Shizhen's collection (named Ruan ting), but he may have some basis when he said these words. Wang Shizhen is really familiar with Wang Cihui ' Hundreds of love poems depict the sound and shadow, including those never seen by Yishan and Zhiguang. " If Wang Shizhen was not familiar with Wang Ci's poems, he could not make such an evaluation. Li Xu mentioned Wang Cihui's poems more than 70 times in his notes to Nalan Xingde's Ci poems. Although some of them are far fetched, there are many words in Nalan's Ci poems borrowed from Wang Cihui's Yi Yu Ji.

In the Qianlong period, although Yuan Mei highly praised this kind of poetry, Wang Cihui's poetry was gradually neglected because of Shen Deqian and others who dominated the mainstream poetry at that time. However, in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Wang CI Hui's poems became popular again, and it can be said that "Wang CI Hui fever" appeared. Among the readers of Wang Ci's poems, there are many famous scholars. For example, Zheng Boqi introduced in the later literary activities of the creation society that Wang Duqing hummed poems all day long when he was studying in Japan, including the collection of doubtful rain and the collection of doubtful clouds. Yu Dafu's letter to Sun Quan also mentioned that Wang Cihui had two volumes of doubtful rain and doubtful clouds, and quoted two poems of Wang Cihui. In Zatan July, he also specifically mentioned Wang Cihui's poem "river lantern Jingye nunnery in autumn night". According to Bing Xin's recollection in amphibians, her cousin copied Wang Cihui's poem as a love letter to a cousin. Although Bing Xin's cousin did not get the favor of that cousin, Bing Xin still considered it a "very good poem"; in my good friend mourning for Ms. Wang Shiying, Bing Xin said that she had also collected Wang Cihui's "bright and lovely people like the moon" and Huang Zhongze's poems“ One star is like the moon, watching for a long time ". In the book of life, Tang Zhen said that he also "loved Wang Cihui". In the book of learning history and literature, he said that he also read Wang Cihui's collection of doubtful rain and collection of doubtful clouds at the beginning.

There are many literati who have imitated Yi Yu Ji to write poems. For example, fan Zengxiang's "six idle things" indicates "follow the" doubtful rain collection "; Chen Diexian simply named his poetry collection" new doubtful rain collection "; in the" Autobiography of Congwen · a king ", Shen Congwen said:" as for women, the situation of imitating "doubtful rain collection" to write gorgeous poems has passed, I don't think women have any meaning any more. " This shows that when he was young, he had imitated "Yi Yu Ji" to write colorful poems. Moreover, Wang Cihui also had a certain influence on the creation of some novels. Xu Zhenya used Meng Xia's words to say that the poems in the collection of doubtful rain are beautiful and deep forever. Many of the poems in the soul of jade pear are imitations of the collection of doubtful rain. Luo Jialun once regarded the collection of doubtful rain as one of the "secret books" of Xu Zhenya's and Li Dingyi's novels. Zhang Henshui's spring Ming history is not only about Yang Xingyuan, the protagonist, but also Li Yun, the prostitute Love, or to write about her love with Li Dongqing, a talented woman, is all related to the collection of doubtful rain. Yang Xingyuan wrote three poems of "meet at first sight". Li Dongqing thinks that "it's almost indistinguishable in the collection of doubtful rain", and she compares "Ci Hui poem" with "Luo Fei color".

It is worth noting that Wang CI Hui also had a certain influence abroad. In Chuyan, the famous Japanese writer Nagai Hefeng said: The Best Western artists in our literary world are always called Chinese poems. If they don't show off the quiet and dry air, they will be bold and upright, and none of them can reveal the mystery and weakness of human mind. This may be achieved. However, I try to turn over Wang Cihui's collection of doubtful rain, which consists of four volumes. I find that all of them are in love, regret, recalling, haggard and sad words. The elegant form, the euphemism and the morbid feeling of his poems are often antagonistic to Charles Baudelaire. In the collection of Chinese poems, I don't know that it is as rich in physical beauty as the collection of doubtful rain. Les Fleurs Du MAL is characterized by the languor and decadence of Tang Dynasty.

Baudelaire is one of the greatest poets in the history of French literature. Yongjing Hefeng compares Wang Cihui with him, and his praise is beyond expression. And Yongjing Hefeng's point of view is now recognized by some western scholars, such as Professor Han Nan of Harvard University, who simply called Wang Cihui "Baudelaire of China".

Selected Poems

Flower and candle Poems

In April, the silkworms have been stripped. They are trapped in the wind and get married. I don't know how to weave mandarin duck brocade, but it's like sleeping for a few nights.

Hanci

Since the national color jade light cold, day as often suspected under the moon to see. Kuang Fu was in snow and moon at this time, and his white clothes were red and dry.

The night is far away, the road is far away, and the light of the moon floats across the bridge. If you want Gillian to burn a candle, you should change the third one.

The window tower is full of sunshine, the snow is bright, and the mirror is clear. For a long time since see also smile alone, not self-defense side Liqing.

[zouji makeup Pavilion]

This life you wish may reward, dare not tell Jian Xiu.

Chinese PinYin : Wang Yan Hong