Wang Hongyu

Wang Hongyu

Wang Hongjiao, a native of Ding'an County, Qiongzhou prefecture (now Hainan Province), Guangdong Province, was born in 1541 and died in his hometown of Ding'an in 1617. He was 76 years old. After his death, he was presented by the imperial court to the crown prince Shaobao for a funeral. Wang Hongjiao was a famous official and educator in Ming Dynasty. He has successively served as an official of the Imperial Academy, a reviewer, editor, examiners of the Imperial Academy, the prince's temporary sacrifice wine, the right servant of the official Department of Nanjing, and the Secretary of the Ministry of rites of Nanjing. In literature, Zhuo Cheng's family has written many famous works, such as shangyoutang manuscript, Wuyue travel notes, tianchicao, laihexuan collection, Nanming qidianlu, nanlizoudu, wenzitanyuan, etc. All his life, he was a virtuous and upright official, sympathized with the people, and cared about education. Wang Hongjiao was intelligent, studious and well read when he was young. At the age of 20, he won the first place in the local examination. He became a Jinshi in the 44th year of Jiajing (1565 AD).

Characters and deeds

The whole story of "Zou Kao Hui Qiong"

Qiongzhou is the hometown of Wang Hongjiao. It is surrounded by the sea and far away from the capital. Officials at all levels did not come here all the year round, and the culture and education were underdeveloped. At that time, there was no way of learning in Hainan. The Confucian students in Hainan had to cross the Qiongzhou Strait and trudge to Leiyang (now Haikang county) to take part in the hospital examination. The traffic is extremely inconvenient, and there are many thieves on the way. It costs a lot of money and is extremely dangerous to go so far to participate in the hospital examination. The situation of officials and the sufferings of the common people are often covered up. After Wang Hongjiao became an official, he was concerned about the culture and education of his hometown and knew the hardships of Qiongzhou Confucian students crossing the sea to take the exam. In 1570, when Wang Hongyu was working in the Imperial Academy, he began to submit memorials to the emperor on how to solve the difficulties of Qiongzhou Confucian students crossing the sea and taking exams. In the fourth year of Wanli, the imperial court recruited Gongshi, and Wang Hongxu presided over the examination, so he took the opportunity to submit again the book of Songgai Hainan bingbeidao and tixue Shu. In the memorial, he truthfully described the hardships of Hainan Confucian students in the examination, and asked Emperor Wanli to set up tixue Dao in Hainan. According to the practice of Gansu Province, he set up an examination room in Hainan to let Hainan Confucian students take the examination on the spot. The memorial was granted by the emperor, and the decree was carried out. Since then, all the scholars in Qiongzhou have been taking exams in Qiongzhou, so they don't need to take any more adventures in the sea. Later generations called this "Zou Kao Hui Qiong". Qiongzhou scholars are very grateful for Wang Hongjiao's contribution to them. In 1603, when Wang Hongjiao was 62 years old, the 14 County students and Tongsheng of quanqiong raised funds to build a memorial temple for him in Dingcheng middle street, so it was called Shengci. In the 17th year of the Republic of China, due to the expansion of the street, the ancestral hall was moved to Dongmen street, Jinding town. The ancestral hall covers an area of more than 300 square meters. There are wooden statues of Wang Hongjiao and couplets presented by Jiao Hong, the number one scholar of the Ming Dynasty. Today, the ancestral hall is rebuilt into a traditional Chinese medicine hospital in Ding'an County. Only the back hall is left. It is of brick and wood structure. It has two deep rooms and three wide rooms, with a suspended mountain roof. attached:

On the reform of Hainan's military preparation and learning

Time: the fourth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1576) Author: Wang Hongjiao (the Minister of rites in Nanjing) played for the Confucians in the border area. They were extremely bitter, and begged Tianwei to deal with them. Today, however, Guangdong is the only place where the officials have suffered a lot. Guangdong belongs to the most remote and bitter, such as Qiongzhou. When Joan went to the capital, there were thousands of miles of land and water, and the senior officials did not arrive at the end of the year. The officials and the people were hidden, but they did not get the news. I have no time to tell you about the sufferings of the only Confucian scholar. I grew up here and have little knowledge of them. I appreciate them and have accumulated many years. Fortunately, today, I have been granted the favor of the state, and I have been appointed to the history museum. I have become a sage in Fuji, and I have been promoted by the four seas. I can see the success of Dehua. However, the Confucianists of Chen Haibang felt extremely bitter and had no way to get to the gate of heaven, so they did not dare to avoid the Yue. Pili was the place of emperor Chen Zhi: Qiongzhou belonged to three counties and ten counties; those around the sea and Zhou were the two thousand wonders of Lifan. There are thousands of scholars in Qingjin. However, when it comes to the danger of whale waves, there are often different supervisors and ministers. Every year, they only stay in Leizhou and write essays. From Qiong to Lei, sailing to the north, the nearer are Qiongshan, Ding'an, Wenchang, Chengmai, linggao, Huitong and Lehui counties, or two or three hundred miles, or four or five hundred miles; the farther are Danzhou, Wanzhou and Yazhou, Lingshui, Thanksgiving and Changhua counties, or seven or eight hundred miles, or more than a thousand miles. It's not to be said that the poor scholars have to bear the hardships, but their rates of crossing the sea are all dans, sailing boats, sailing masts, building oars, and so on. At different times, the place is quiet, and those who are worried about it are in trouble. Recently, there have been some pirates, and there is no peace at all. Every year, when he sailed on the sea, he was captured by the Confucians. The poor die but do not return, the rich pour home to redeem. Fortunately, those who have nothing to do are all born of death! In other words, it is painful. As for the governor, he didn't know what he was suffering from, so he only insisted on the regular standard and strictly limited the examination. The Confucianists were forced to attend the meeting and were not afraid of danger. For example, in the 26th year of Jiajing reign, hundreds of people were destroyed, and Chen and Yan, the magistrate of Lingao County, lost their County seal. There are one or two people who can learn from learning, but they do not have to do textual research. Because of cheating, dethrone Zhi not to lift, inspection is not good, education abolish Chi, scholar learning weariness. For example, in the third year of Longqing Dynasty, only Qiongshan, Ding'an, Chengmai and Huitong counties were selected for the examination, while other counties were far behind the examination for a while, so they did not record them. As a result, the imperial court was so magnanimous that officials from afar could not be touched by them. There is no such thing as this. According to the investigation, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces were first transferred to the imperial censor because they were far away from each other and did not have a good academic tour. Qiongzhou is as far away as Gansu Province, and the difficulties and dangers are twice as great as those of Gansu Province. Today, there is no way to visit or study, but there is a military Deputy envoy stationed in Hainan Province. The minister should be the one who belongs to this matter. He asked the emperor to order the Ministry. If the minister's words were correct, he would take Gansu as an example to change Hainan's Bing Bei Dao and Guan Ti to learn Dao and give it to the imperial edict. Every time there is a lack of staff, you must choose a top-notch student to fill it. He made a tour of the examination of teachers and Confucians in Qiongzhou Prefecture, and let it be convenient. So common experience, and people's wisdom is not confused, the new law and the popularity of moralization is not stopped. Note: it is commonly known as "Zou Kao Hui Qiong".

Help Hai Rui

In 1564, Wang Hongjiao was 23 years old and his mother married his daughter, Gong Zhou Shihe, who was in Yuanshan village, Qiongshan county. In 1565, after passing the entrance examination, he entered the Imperial Academy as a scholar and continued to study. In the same year, he met Hai Rui and went to prison. Before entering prison, Hai Rui came to visit and thought that he would die. Later, he entrusted him with 20 liang of silver and asked him to carry the coffin back to Li on his behalf. For this reason, regardless of personal gains and losses, Hongjiao was not afraid of being involved. He ran around and tried his best to protect him. He often brought food and medicine to visit him in prison to treat him. Hai Rui was finally released and his official position was restored.

Dare to ridicule Zhang Juzheng

In the fifth year of Wanli (1577), Wang Hongxun was appointed as the chief examiner of the imperial examination. He compiled the record and submitted it to the imperial library. He was given the seal of gold and bronze, and was promoted to the editor of Hanlin Academy. During this period, his boss Zhang Juzheng was in power and cheated. No matter how outstanding Wang Hongxun's political achievements were, he was criticized in every way. In 1580, Wang Hongxu, a upright man, wrote the chapter of fire tree and the song of spring snow, which ridiculed and exposed Zhang Juzheng. Zhang Juzheng was very angry about this and secretly retaliated. In the ninth year of Wanli, he demoted Wang Hongjiao to be the supervisor of beiyongyuan. He strictly studied the rules and diligently supervised the class. It was not until the eighth year of Wanli when Zhang Juzheng crossed the stage that Wang Hongjiao was promoted to the Imperial College of Nanjing to offer sacrifices to the emperor. He published the text on the court as a priest. The next year, he was promoted to the left servant of the official Department of Nanjing, and later changed to the right servant of the Ministry of rites.

Building Longmen tower and Shangyou Academy

After he retired, Wang Hongjiao accumulated virtue, built ancestral temples, created music scores, built roads and bridges, and did a lot of public welfare. In 1604, Wang Hongjiao poured out his life's storage and built the first ancient pagoda in Ding'an, Longmen pagoda, by the Yongji bridge, about 1km southwest of Longmei village. He also set up a scripture Library in which he collected a large number of precious classics, encyclopedias and all his works, and four inscriptions on the pagoda. Unfortunately, when the Japanese invaded Hainan, the ancient pagoda was destroyed by rebellion, and there was no remains. In the 33rd year of Wanli (1605), Wang Hongxu presided over the establishment of Ding'an Shangyou Academy in the east of Dingcheng Confucian temple. The purpose is to educate students, make friends all over the world, go to the academy to talk about the past and the present, discuss theories and cultivate one's mind, so it is named Shangyou Academy. There are lecture halls, wing rooms, gallery rooms, kitchens, etc. in the Academy, some fields are purchased to collect rent as funds for maintaining the normal operation of the Academy. Wang Hongjiao lectured for scholars in Shangyou Academy for many years. He often invited cultural celebrities to give lectures in Shangyou academy, revived the style of study in Ding'an, and made immortal contributions to Ding'an in the Qing Dynasty.

He was praised by the emperor

In the 13th year of Wanli (1585), when Wang Hongjiao was appointed as the right servant of the Ministry of rites, he served as the deputy general manager of Huidian and the preacher of Jingyan. He compiled Huidian. It was compiled the next year and submitted to the imperial palace. For this, the emperor greatly appreciated Wang Hongjiao as a guest of the crown prince and gave lectures to the crown prince. He issued an imperial edict and praised Wang Hongjiao as a guest of the crown prince: "his knowledge is profound, his equipment is mellow, he is famous in the Han Dynasty, he promotes the culture of the Chinese nation, and he is called the post of educating talents by the Secretary of industry and Yongke.". In the winter and October of 1617, Wang Hongxu died at home. He was 75 years old. When the bad news came, Ding'an city went on strike to offer condolence, and the imperial court made an obituary report. Tsang'erqin and Chu Weiyuan, the officials of Guangdong's chief secretary hall, were sent to inspect the funeral of Dai Huoxi, the Deputy envoy of Hainan's tixue. The sacrificial article praised "only Qing '. The following year, Emperor Shenzong sent Dai Huoxi, deputy envoy of Hainan Branch, to be buried in Chongqing. He presented a plaque and "Prince Shaobao". The emperor praised: "Wei Qing, master of three dynasties, a great man of one generation, ascended Yushi class three early, so he explored the mystery of Shiqu. He is good at the reputation of "three long" and "Fang GUI" of the six pavilions in the market. He also gave his tomb to jiasanyuan (now Jiusuo village, Jiusuo Township, Ding'an County) in ancient Ding'an, where he was sacrificed for thousands of years.

Deliver goods for Hai Rui

Chinese PinYin : Wang Hong Hui