Emperor Shun of Yuan Dynasty

The best of all

The 11th emperor of the Yuan Dynasty and the 15th Khan of the great Mongolia, toghon TEM ü R (Mongolian meaning "iron pot", May 25, 1320-may 23, 1370) was the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. It is also the last emperor of the Yuan Dynasty as a unified national power. The eldest son of yuanmingzong and the eldest brother of yuanningzong. My biological mother is Mindy.

He was born in Chagatai Khanate on April 17, 1320. In the second year of Tianli (1329), Emperor yuanmingzong returned to the Yuan Dynasty and exiled him to the great Qingdao of Korea and Jingjiang of Guangxi (now Guilin). After the death of emperor Wenzong and Emperor ningzong of the Yuan Dynasty, Tuotuo Tiao mu'er was ordered to return by Empress Dowager Bu dashili. He was in Shangdu on June 8, 1333.

In the sixth year of the Zhiyuan Dynasty (1340), tuoruo tamur brought down Boyan, an official in power, and was in charge. In the early period of being in power, he was diligent in politics, appointed Tuotuo and others, and took a series of reform measures to save the ruling crisis of the Yuan Dynasty, which was known as the "Zhizheng New Deal" in history, including the promulgation of the code "Zhizheng tiaoge" to improve the legal system; the promulgation of the recommendation and compliance law to strengthen the clean government; and the recommendation of hermits to select talents. However, it failed to fundamentally solve the long-standing social problems. In 1351, the peasant uprising broke out at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. In the later period, the government gradually neglected politics and indulged in pleasure. The yuan court was constantly fighting with each other, and the external coups were repeated, so it was unable to effectively control the political situation. In the July of 1368, the Ming army attacked Dadu and fled. Mongolia withdrew from the Central Plains. The rule of the Yuan Dynasty over the whole country ended.

On April 28, 1370, the thirtieth year of the reign of emperor Zhizheng, Tuo Pei mu'er died in Yingchang at the age of 51. The temple was named Huizong, and the Mongolian Khan was named "wuhagatu Khan". In Ming Dynasty, it was honored as "Shun Di", and also known as Zhizheng Di, Gengshen Di, Gengshen Jun and so on.

Life of the characters

Youth

On April 17, 1320, Tulu Timur was born in the area of Jinshan (Altai Mountain), which belongs to the northwest Chagatai Khanate. He is the eldest son of King Zhou and Shi Yao (later Yuan Ming Zong) in Yuan Dynasty, and the sixth grandson of Kublai Khan, the ancestor of Yuan Dynasty. His genealogy is Zhenjin (Yuan Yu Zong), Dala mabala (Yuan Shun Zong), Haishan (Yuan Wu Zong), and he Shi Yao (Yuan Ming Zong). In 1311, Emperor Wuzong of the Yuan Dynasty died. His younger brother Aiyu libalibada succeeded to the throne as the crown prince. According to the agreement between emperor Wuzong and Emperor Renzong of the Yuan Dynasty, the eldest son of emperor Wuzong and Shi Yao inherited the throne of emperor Renzong. However, after Renzong ascended the throne, he repented and tried to establish his son shuodebala (later emperor yuanyingzong) as the crown prince. He Shi Yao was granted the Title of king of Zhou and ordered to leave Yunnan. In November of the third year of Yanyou's reign (1316), when heshiyao arrived in Yan'an, he conspired with the old ministers of Wuzong to restore his status as crown prince. As a result, Renzong came to hunt him down. Heshiyao was forced to rush to Jinshan (Altai Mountain) in the northwest, and was sheltered by the Chagatai Khanate. When heshilu took refuge in Jinshan, he took a Huihui woman, hanlulumelaidi, a descendant of the prefecture king arsilan, and gave birth to Toru Timur with her. After he gave birth to Tuotuo Tuo Mu Er, he died and was later chased and honored as the holy queen of Zhenyu Hui.

The year of tobermur's birth was the year of yuanrenzong's death. From then on to the first year of Tianli (1328), the throne of the Yuan Dynasty changed frequently and civil strife continued. There were three emperors, yuanyingzong, TAIDING emperor and Tianshun emperor, and the throne fell into the hands of wuzongyi. This was tutimer, the younger brother of Heshi who won the battle between the two capitals. Tuttie Mur claimed to abdicate the throne to his brother and Shih. He Shih was located in Mobei in 1329. He was the emperor of yuan and Ming Dynasties. Before he could go to Dadu, tuttie Mur and his gang poisoned him to death in wanghuchadu. Tutimer ascended the throne again for Wenzong of the Yuan Dynasty. The orphans and widows left by the emperor of the yuan and Ming Dynasties were in a precarious position. In April of the third year of Tianli (1330), babusha, the empress of emperor mingzong, was killed by bodashli, the empress of emperor Wenzong. In July of 1330, the first year of Shun Dynasty, the emperor Wenzong of Yuan Dynasty exiled Tuo Tuo tiemu'er to Gaoli great Qingdao and imprisoned him. He was not allowed to contact with the outside world. In the second year, someone told Wenzong that Liaoyang and Koryo wanted to rebel against him. Wenzong told the world that he was not the son of yuanmingzong. In December of the second year of Zhishun (1331), he sent Privy Council envoys Yin shouku and Zhongcheng Juegan to take him back from Koryo and exile him to JINGJIANG, Guangxi (now Guilin).

He lived in Jingjiang for about a year. During this period, he lived in Dayuan temple. Under the guidance of Qiujiang elder, he studied the Analects of Confucius and filial piety, and practiced writing two copies every day. Later, when he was recalled to Dadu, he hid his books and stationery in a small leather case and read them at any time. He is also lively and active. He often digs the ground for a hole, pees in it, and then becomes mud to make toys. He also likes to raise "star anise". Sometimes the birds fly to the dead branches of the trees in the pond. Even though they can't take off their boots, they are caught in the water. Elder Qiujiang has stopped them for many times. He also often became the king of children, leading 20 or 30 children to make paper flagpoles and insert them in the city. Elder Qiujiang also paid attention to the cultivation of docile words and deeds, and taught him: "the crown prince is the Golden branch and jade leaf of the country. He is not inferior to the ordinary people. When he sees a senior official coming, he must not speak rashly or show self-respect." Therefore, whenever officials come to the temple for inspection, they will sit upright. Once the officials leave, they will play as before. Therefore, they are "reluctant for a while, but not self-restraint.". After he ascended the throne, in order to repay elder Qiujiang's kindness, he not only greatly rewarded him, but also changed Dayuan temple into Wanshou Hall (now located in Jingjiang Palace).

Ascend to the throne as Emperor

In December 1330, the first year of the reign of emperor Yixiang Shun, Emperor Wenzong of the Yuan Dynasty appointed his son alatenadala as the crown prince, but the crown prince died a month later. This is undoubtedly a heavy blow to the couple of yuan Wenzong who believe in Tibetan Buddhism and karma. Although they still have their son yantiegusi, Wenzong's last words when they died in August of the third year of Zhishun (1332): "Huang hucha (that is, Wang hucha Du," the place where emperor mingzong came from the north to drink poison and die ") was a big mistake in my life. I think about it in the middle of the night, be too late to repent. Although Yan Tiegu thought was my son, I firmly love it, but now the great position is the great position of Ming Zong. If you love me, you are willing to call the son of the Ming Dynasty to come to the throne. If so, although I see that the Ming Dynasty is under the ground, I can also use some words to blame my ears! "

At that time, the powerful official of Taiping King Yan Temur did not establish the elder tuo'er, but established Yili Zhiban (the younger brother of tuo'er), the youngest son of Ming clan, who was in Dadu, to succeed to the throne. But in November of that year, yuanningzong died. Yan tiemu'er wanted to establish Yan tiegu'si as his successor, but bu tashili, Queen of yuan Wenzong, insisted on establishing tuo'er. So he sent Zhongshu zuochengkuo Lijis to Jingjiang to pick up tuo'er and return to Beijing. When he arrived at Liangxiang, Yan tiemu'er led people to meet him with a halogen book. Yan tiemu'er and Tuo luotiemu'er and Ma xuxing show the meaning of supporting him as emperor. As a 13-year-old boy, he was too scared to answer for a moment, so Yan Timur doubted him and did not make him emperor after he arrived at Dadu. In addition, the Taishi, the superior of Tianjian, also said that Tuo Timur could not be established and the world would be in chaos. Therefore, the throne of Yuan Dynasty was vacant for half a year.

Tibetan historical materials of the Yuan Dynasty have a more detailed record of this. At that time, diviners said, "if you wait for six months in the year of the rooster with the eldest son of Shi Yao, and then ascend the throne again, the emperor's luck will be as long as Xue Chan Khan." In response, the ministers said, "if the throne is left vacant, who will shoulder the responsibility of the state?" At this time, Yan tiemu'er said, "if you carefully calculate the prophecy of the gods, it would be better if it could prolong the emperor's holy life. I will shoulder the heavy responsibility of the country during the period when the throne is suspended."

In this half year, bodashali was called the imperial court, and yantimur's power was at its peak. In May of 1333, Yan Timur died of overindulgence. After Bu tashili appointed his son Yan tiegusi as the successor of Tuo Timur, he decided to officially take Tuo Timur as emperor.

To shun four years (1333) on June 8, Toutuo Tiemu Er is located in Shangdu, is the yuan Huizong. After Yuan Huizong ascended the throne, he changed the year name to "Yuan Tong", and granted Boya Wu, the daughter of Yan tiemu'er (Dana Shili), empress dowager, Empress Dowager and crown prince of Yan tiegu'si.

Bring down the prime minister

After he ascended to the throne, Tuotuo Tuo mu'er was a puppet emperor who "lived deep in the palace and had nothing to do with everything". After Yan tiemu'er, Bo Yan, the powerful minister, was good at court politics as the right prime minister. However, Yan tiemu'er's family was still very powerful. His younger brother Sadun was the left prime minister, his son Tang Qishi was the imperial historian, and his daughter Dana Shili also had the respect of the queen. In the third year of Yuantong (1335), Sadun died, and Tang Qishi was promoted to Zuo prime minister. In order to fight for power with Boyan, he conspired with Sadun Di Dali to launch a coup, killing Boyan, abolishing Emperor Shun, and establishing talahai (son of yantiemuer, younger brother of Tang Qishi), the adoptive son of yuanwenzong. In June of the same year, Boyan smashed Tang Qishi's coup, wiped out the rest of yantimur's party, and at the same time, expelled queen danashli from the palace and killed her. In November of the same year, Huizong of Yuan Dynasty changed its year name to "Zhiyuan" under the name of "zushushizu".

At that time, Boyan was granted the title of king of Qin

Chinese PinYin : Yuan Shun Di