Yuan Zai

Yuan Zai

Yuan Zai (713-777), originally surnamed Jing, was born in Qishan County, Fengxiang prefecture (now Qishan County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province). The Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty.

Yuan Zai was born in a humble family and was fond of reading. She is sensitive and proficient in Taoism. In the early years of Tianbao (742), he was a Jinshi in the examination, and was granted the title of Xinping County lieutenant. He successively served as the head of Dali Department, the member of ancestral temple, wailang, the governor of Hongzhou, the Minister of the household department, the doctor of Duzhi, and the transportation envoy of salt and iron. Emperor Zong ascended the throne in the Tang Dynasty, made friends with Li Fuguo, the official of power, worshipped the Minister of Zhongshu and Zhangshi of Tongping, and was canonized as the son of Xuchang County, becoming the prime minister. Liu Yan, a famous financial official, was promoted and sentenced to be the marching commander of Marshal mansion. He helped to root out Li Fuguo and Yu chaoen, two powerful officials, and won the favor of Yingchuan Duke. He was complacent, monopolized the government, excluded dissidents and despotic. Monopoly of private property, construction, and gradually aroused the disgust of the Tang Dynasty.

In the 12th year of Dali (777), he was arrested by general Wu Cuo of zuojinwu and sentenced to death. In the first year of Xingyuan (784), Emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty remembered Yi Dai's contribution and restored his official position. He was buried with rites instead, and his posthumous title was Chengzong.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Yuan Zai was born in a humble family. He was fond of learning to read well since he was a child. His family was poor, so he had to walk to take part in the rural examination, but he couldn't win the second place many times.

In the first year of Tianbao (742), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty held an examination to seek talents who were proficient in Taoism. Yuan Zai, a senior high school entrance examination candidate, was awarded the county captain of Xinping (now Binxian County, Shaanxi Province) in Jiazhou. He served successively as the magistrate of Central Guizhou, the judge of Dali, the judge of Dongdu liushou, and the magistrate of Dali.

Tired of work

In the first year of Zhide (756), Emperor suzong of Tang Dynasty succeeded to the throne in Lingwu. At that time, Yuan Zai fled Jiangnan because of an Shi's rebellion. Li Xiyan, the interviewing envoy of Jiangdong, was appointed as the Deputy envoy, and was granted the title of wailang, a member of the ancestral temple department. Later, he was appointed as the governor of Hongzhou (Nanchang, Jiangxi). In October of the same year, after the recovery of the two capitals, Tang suzong returned to Chang'an, believing that he was the doctor of Duzhi. He was sensitive in nature and good at playing right. He was highly valued by suzong. He led the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, and was also a royal censor Zhongcheng.

In the second year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty (761), Yuan Zai returned to the court and served as the Minister of the Ministry of household affairs, Du Zhi Shi and Zhu Dao Zhuan Shi.

In the first year of Baoying (762), Emperor suzong of Tang Dynasty was seriously ill and eunuch Li Fuguo was in power. Li Fuguo's wife and Yuan Zai were of the same family, so yuan Zai was appointed as Jing Zhaoyin. Yuan Zai's intention is to visit Li Fuguo and refuse to be Jing Zhaoyin. Li Fuguo understood his idea. The next day. Only then changed to Tongping Zhangshi, judge Du Zhi, salt and iron transport envoy.

After emperor Zong succeeded to the throne in the Tang Dynasty, Li Fuguo was worshipped as the order of Zhongshu because of his support. He was more powerful and often praised Yuanzai for being in front of the emperor. Yuan Zai was good at guessing Shangyi, and was greatly favored. He was promoted to Zhongshu Shilang and Tongping Zhangshi. He was also a Bachelor of Jixian hall and a doctor of Yinqing Guanglu, and was honored as the son of Xuchang County.

Eliminate the power officials

After paying homage to Prime Minister yuan Zai, he thought that the duty of Duzhi transit envoy was complicated, trivial and heavy. Fearing that it would damage his reputation, he led Yingtian envoy and recommended Liu Yan to take over as Duzhi transit envoy. In June of the first year of Baoying, Li Fuguo dismissed his prime minister, and Yuan Zai succeeded him as marshal of the world. In October, Emperor Zong of the Tang Dynasty secretly ordered the assassin to kill Li Fuguo, and Yuanzai took part in the plot.

In the first year of Guangde (763), after Pei Zunqing dismissed his prime minister, Yuanzai was even more favored. He secretly made friends with eunuch Dong Xiu, and paid a large sum of money to book Zhuo Yingqian, the owner of Zhongshu. Through them, they obtained the emperor's mind in advance and consolidated the emperor's trust. Gu you's name is yuan Zai. In Tang Dynasty, the emperor relied heavily on Yuanzai, but punished Gu Yao.

At that time, Yu chaoen, the eunuch, was in charge of the imperial army. He was domineering and arrogant. He discussed the government affairs and insulted the prime minister. Yuan Zai is eloquent, but he is silent and dare not fight. In the fourth year of Dali (769), Yuan Zai took the opportunity to recite Tang Zong's crimes of Yu chaoen, and suggested that Dai Zong should punish him. Emperor Zong of Tang Dynasty was very afraid of Yu chaoen and instructed Yuanzai to plan the action. Yuanzai bribes Yu chaoen with a large amount of money. Huangfu and Zhou Hao, his confidant, have a good command of Yu chaoen's plot. It didn't arouse Yu chaoen's notice.

In the fifth year of Dali (770), Emperor Zai of Yuan Dynasty played the role of Emperor Ming, and transferred Huangfu Wen to Fengxiang Jiedushi. With the help of his troops, Xingping and Wugong counties were transferred to Shence army to paralyze Yu chaoen. Soon, Yuanzai, Huangfu Wen and Zhou Hao agreed on a plan to kill Yu chaoen and reported it to Emperor Zong of Tang Dynasty. In March, Emperor Zong of Tang Dynasty held a banquet in the Forbidden City to celebrate the cold food festival, and ordered Yuanzai to stay in Zhongshu province. At the end of the banquet, Yu chaoen, the emperor Zong of Tang Dynasty, stayed behind, accusing him of improper intentions. Yu chaoen doesn't know what the plan is, argues endlessly, and speaks arrogantly. Zhou Hao commands the samurai to take Yu chaoen and hang him.

Monopolize the government

Duzhi emissary Di Wuqi was demoted because he was a member of Yu chaoen's party, so Yuanzai concurrently served as Duzhi emissary. From then on, he was satisfied with his ambition, relying on his efforts to eliminate evil, criticizing the former sages, and believing that no one in the Manchu Dynasty could match him in terms of culture and martial arts. Later, in order to monopolize the power of the emperor, Yuan Zai asked the Ministry of officials and the Ministry of war not to examine the appointment of officials below six grades, which was approved by Emperor Zong of the Tang Dynasty.

Later, Yuan Zai and Wang Jin played the emperor, and suggested that Hezhong Prefecture be the central capital, with 50000 troops stationed. They would go to Beijing in late autumn and return to Beijing in early spring to avoid the invasion of Tubo. I thought that the memorial would be approved, so I ordered the officials to plan the palace and build private houses in the river in advance. Emperor Zong of the Tang Dynasty was very disgusted with this idea and put it on hold.

In the sixth year of Dali (771), Shang Shaoliang and Shang Shu imperial court, Chen Zou and Yuan Zai's evil deeds. After Yuan Zai learned about it, he arranged the charges and killed Li Shaoliang and others in the government. Since then, people no longer dare to criticize Yuanzai publicly. Even if they are on the road, they dare not talk to each other. They just show their eyes. At that time, Yuanzai was in charge of the government, greedy for money and bribes, cultivated cronies and eliminated dissidents. Anyone who wanted to advance in official positions would give gifts to his sons and cronies. The trend of corruption became popular. He built two mansions in the north and south of the capital, which were luxurious and magnificent. The villas in the south of the capital were even more large-scale, with many servants and maidservants and many singers.

Death in prison

Yuan Zai had a close relationship with Wang Jin, the prime minister, and both of them collected money wantonly and became more and more arrogant. Emperor Zong of the Tang Dynasty was very clear about what Yuanzai had done. However, considering that Yuanzai had been in office for many years and wanted him to finish well, he was summoned alone and admonished. He hoped that he would be restrained, but Yuanzai didn't want to correct his mistakes. Daizong was disgusted with Yuanzai and gradually regained his power.

On March 28, the 12th year of Dali (777), Emperor Zong of the Tang Dynasty ordered general Wu Cuo of Zuo Jinwu to arrest Yuanzai and Wang Jin and imprison them in the political affairs hall. Then he sent yuan Zai's son and cronies to prison and ordered Liu Yan, the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs, Li Han, the imperial historian, Xiao Xin, the Minister of military affairs, Yuan Yao, the Minister of rites, and Du ya, the Minister of advice, to interrogate them together business. Yuan Zai pleaded guilty and committed suicide on the same day.

In the Tang Dynasty, Yuan Zai's wife Wang and his sons yuan Bohe, Yuan Zhongwu and Yuan Jineng were all killed, and Dong Xiu and Zhuo Yingqian were executed. In addition, Yang Yan, Wang ang, Han Hui, Bao Ji, Han Hui and other dozens of Party members were all relegated. Yuan Zai's family property was also taken away, and only the pepper was taken out by 800 stones. In May of the same year, Emperor Zong of the Tang Dynasty ordered to open the tomb of Yuan Zai's father, split the coffin and discard the corpse, demolish his mansion in daningli, anrenli and Luoyang, the eastern capital, and burn down the private Temple God. He also gave the 500 Liang milk copied from his home to the provincial officer of zhongshumen.

In the first year of Xingyuan (784), Emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty, because Yuanzai had helped him become the crown prince, recovered Yuanzai's official position, and agreed to bury Yuanzai instead. He was given the posthumous title of Huang, and later changed it to Chengzong.

Main achievements

Yuan Zai served as Prime Minister for 15 years, but he was finally given death because of corruption. However, during his tenure as prime minister, he made great achievements in helping emperor zongzong of the Tang Dynasty remove Li Fuguo and Yu chaoen, the eunuchs who were in power, and promoted and appointed Liu Yan, Yang Yan and other famous financial officials.

In addition, Yuan Zai proposed that Yuanzhou city should be built, mumengu, muxiaguan and Longshan should be guarded, Mingsha county and Fengan army should be set up, and the terrain of Longxi should be mapped. However, this proposal was not implemented in the end.

Character evaluation

Zong Liyu of Tang Dynasty: Yuan Zai was quite treacherous, and his trace was not upright. He was fond of overstepping his points and practiced Junheng early. Liang Bi's work failed to accomplish the state's affairs, and his ambition of carrying evil often deceived him with his ignorance. Yin, a witch, prays at night, uses pictures not to look at, but to observe laws and regulations. He accepted the bribes, left his official rank, endured the harm of his fierce wife, invaded mu by his violent son, and abused him wantonly. He is cruel in heart and respectful in appearance, so that he can achieve his goals without any cause. He rewards and punishes the wrong. As soon as possible, the relationship between the monarch and his officials is more important than going away, hoping that they can move to the good place and keep silent. There was no regret, but it was fierce. The year order was far away, and the quarrel was evil.

Su E: at the beginning of shangzuoye, most of the common affairs were entrusted to Junheng. However, Yuan Zai's dictatorship gradually fell into the national code. If you are not a good gold treasure, you are not allowed to go in and out of the imperial court. ② Yuan Zai lost his virtue and worshipped his fame, which came from a woman.

Liu Xu: I have been fond of learning since I was a child, and I am good at writing. I have a good personality. I have read the history of Confucius, especially Taoism. He is good at playing right. ② He flatters the country to advance his body, and holds the power of the time. It's hard for people to be angry. When the family dies, his wife and children will be killed. When the body dies, his ancestors will be harmed He is good at writing articles. The meaning of the great book of changes is that it is not always virtuous or shameful. It's not the way to be rich, it's the matter of villains! ③ Zai, Jin, Yan and Zhun will be attached to each other. There is a saying in Zuo Zhuan that corrupt people are scum.

Song Qi: Yuan Zai and Yang Yan were both talented and hardworking. They were suitable for the dark and mediocre, so they became the assistant prime minister. If the Jian castrated Yin, the city of Yuanzhou to seek Xixia, but also the left possession of the Department, a rent Fu to prosecution system, there is a death, Cheng have to take Yan. However, Zai Ben and Fu Guo are in harmony with each other for their own benefit. They are full of all kinds of heart and desire. Yan led a series of power, promoted ugly descendants, followed the country's principles, returned to Zai Fuyuan, explained the words to the king, killed his wife and his death, attacked his bones, ordered his life in the Tao, and took it from himself. His husband was a traitor with many talents, so he died as a good man, while Deng Xi died as a debater. If two people

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