Yuan Gong

Yuan Gong

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Yuangong (498-june 21, 532), the former Emperor of the Wei Dynasty (the posthumous title of the Western Wei Dynasty is Wei Jie min emperor), was born in Luoyang County, Henan Province (now Luoyang City, Henan Province), the 14th emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty (April 1, 531-june 532), and the son of Yuanyu, Huiwang of Guangling.

At the beginning of the reign, he was the king of Guangling. Yuan Cha was good at power, so he didn't communicate with others because he was dumb. After the death of emperor Xiaozhuang of Wei, he was established as emperor by Er Zhu Shilong, and was named Putai. Gao Huan entered Luo, was abandoned, and then killed. Yu Wentai, the ruling emperor of the Western Wei Dynasty, was named emperor Jiemin after his posthumous title. He was also known as the deposed emperor before the Wei Dynasty and was in office for one year.

Life of the characters

To be an official

Yuangong, the son of Yuanyu, Huiwang of Guangling, was born in Luoyang, Henan Province in 498. When he was young, he was dignified, cautious and ambitious. When he grew up, he loved to study, served his grandmother and mother, and was famous for his filial piety. During the Zhengshi period (504-508), he inherited the title of his father Guangling king. During the period of Yanchang (512-515), he was appointed as a general official of Tongzhi. During the reign of the tortoise (518-520), he was promoted to serve as an official.

In the second year of Zhengguang (521), he served as a normal servant and also served as a servant in Huangmen. Yuan Gong said that he was ill and didn't hold office because he was good at court politics. After a long time, I took the opportunity to call myself dumb. In the fifth year of Zhengguang (524), he was granted the title of doctor jinziguanglu and the title of sanqichangshi. In the first year of Jianyi (528), he was appointed the third division of Yitong.

Inherit the throne

Yuan Gong didn't speak for nearly eight years, and he lived in Longhua temple and didn't associate with people. In the last years of Yong'an, someone reported to you Yuanzi, emperor of Xiaozhuang, that Yuangong would have a rebellious plan if he didn't speak; folk rumors said that he had the appearance of the son of heaven. Fearing disaster, Yuan Gong fled to Shangluo to hide. He was soon tracked down and taken back to the capital. He was detained for many days and was pardoned for not guilty.

In December of the third year of Yong'an (530, the first year of Jianming), emperor yuan Ziyou of Xiaozhuang was killed. Er Zhu Shilong and others considered that Yuan Ye, the puppet emperor supported by Er Zhu's family, was alienated in the clan, which was not recommended by people's wishes. Because Yuan Gong was hidden and had more than ordinary people's capacity, they planned to abolish Yuan Gong again. They were worried that Yuan Gong really could not speak, so they sent their confidants to express their intention, and they didn't speak English With stress. Yuan Gong then replied, "God, can you talk?" Erzhushilong and others were very happy. Therefore, he deposed Yuanye and supported Yuangong as emperor. After he ascended the throne, he changed the name of "Putai" to "Dawei". He was the official of the tax strike city and salt tax. It was February 29, the first year of Putai (531, the second year of Jianming). The next day, Yuan Gong changed the title of "emperor" to "emperor".

Be abandoned to death

In June of the first year of Putai (531), Gao Huan set up his army in Xindu. In February of the second year of Putai (532), Gao Huan lost ER and Zhu Tianguang was equal to Han Ling. In April of Xia Dynasty, Xinsi, Gao Huan came to Mangshan, and sent Wei Lan Gen to comfort Luoyi, and to observe Yuan Gong. Wei Langen hated Yuangong and Yade. After returning to Gaohuan, he slandered Yuangong. Finally, Gaohuan followed Cui Ling's advice and abandoned Yuangong to worship Buddhist temples. He established yuanxiu, the king of Pingyang, as Emperor Wu (Chu DI). Since Yuan Gong lost his throne, he wrote a poem, saying, "the gate of Zhu may suffer for a long time, but purple is not for fun. Subversion can be changed three times a year. It's just like this, only the view of cultivating truth. "

As for Yuan Gong's death, the book of Wei compiled by the Northern Qi Dynasty only vaguely records that he "lived in other provinces under the door" on a certain day in the beginning of Taichang (bingshen in May of the first year of Taichang), when he was 35 years old. The emperor yuanxiu ordered all officials to attend the meeting, dahonglu supervised the funeral, buried with the king's etiquette, plus the flag of the nine Diao, the emperor's chariot, the yellow belt car cover, the flag with ornaments on the left side of the truck scale, 120 guards of honor, and the guard of honor for the second guard and the feather forest. According to the northern history compiled in the Tang Dynasty, Yuan Gong was killed in other provinces in May 532, the first year of Taichang, when he was 35 years old. Later, he became a posthumous official in the Western Wei Dynasty

Emperor Jiemin

.

Historical evaluation

Wei Shou's Wei Shu: "I'm sincere and ambitious. He is long and studious. He is filial to his grandmother and mother

Li Yanshou's "northern history" said: "although the Ming Festival min, Xiaowu long, only to speed is running."

personal works

"Poem": Zhu men can suffer from it for a long time, but purple is not a pleasure. Subversion can be changed three times a year. It's just like this, only the view of cultivating truth.

Couplet poem: when you meet Emperor Yao and Shun, you are willing to live for thousands of years (Xue Xiaotong). He was so mysterious in his life that he was ashamed to be the head of all nations (Yuangong). The Lord is here to enjoy the world forever. It's not only grass, but also insects (Xue Xiaotong). In the dynasty, there were many sages and many wild seedlings. Monarch and Minister body fish water, book track a Huarong (Yuangong). How to answer Huasong (Xue Xiaotong) when wechat is full of joy.

Relative members

Grandfather: Emperor Xianwen Tuoba Hong

Grandmother: Meng Jiaofang

Father: Guangling Huiwang Yuanyu

Mother: Wang

Younger brother: Yuan Xin, one of the Taifu and Bazhu states in the Western Wei Dynasty

Wife: Er Zhushi, the daughter of Er Zhuzhao

Anecdotes and allusions

In October 2013, Luoyang Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology completed the excavation of the Northern Wei tomb on Hengshan Road. According to the shape and scale of the tomb, it is inferred that the tomb belongs to the imperial mausoleum level, and the owner of the tomb is the Northern Wei Jiemin emperor Yuangong. This tomb is located in the mausoleum area of the Northern Wei Dynasty. About 7 km to the northeast is the mausoleum of Emperor Xiaowen, about 4 km to the northeast is the mausoleum of emperor Xuanwu, and about 2 km to the southeast is the mausoleum of emperor Xiaozhuang. Therefore, archaeologists infer that it is most likely a Mausoleum of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

This is a single chamber mural tomb with a sloping passage, which is composed of four parts: the passage, the front passage, the back passage and the chamber. The total length of the tomb is about 58.9 meters, including 39.7 meters in length, 2.9 meters in width, and 19.2 meters in length, 12 meters in width, and 8.1 meters in depth. The excavation shows that the tomb has experienced destructive excavation by the government in history, and even some tomb bricks have been taken away. The unearthed relics are few and damaged, including pottery, celadon, bronze and stone building components, in addition to the remains of warriors, tomb beast, ox cart and so on. A gold coin of anastasius I of Byzantine Empire was unearthed from the tomb. Its casting time was 491-518 A.D., indicating that the tomb was not earlier than that before the Northern Wei Dynasty moved its capital to Luoyang. By comparing the shape of the tomb and the unearthed porcelain, the archaeologists preliminarily infer that the tomb is from the Xiaochang period to the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

The Northern Wei tomb on Hengshan Road is large in scale and took a long time to build. There are traces of repair after the collapse of the tomb wall, which should be preset in advance. According to the literature records of the burial ceremony of the Jiemin emperor Yuangong, archaeologists initially speculate that the owner of the tomb is the Jiemin emperor Yuangong of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

Historical records

Wei Shou's book of Wei, Volume 11, Chapter 11 of emperor Ji

Li Yanshou's the fifth volume of northern history

Chinese PinYin : Yuan Gong