wang zhihuan

wang zhihuan

Wang Zhihuan (688-742), whose name is Jiling, was born in Jinyang, Bingzhou (now Taiyuan, Shanxi). Tang Dynasty poet.

Wang Zhihuan was intelligent in his childhood. Generosity has a plan, suave has a talent. He became an official in menyin and was granted the title of master of Hengshui. He married the third daughter of Li Di, the magistrate of Hengshui county. Later, he was slandered and went to the government. Tianbao first year (742), bu Wen An county Wei, innocent, fair administration. He died in Wen'an at the age of 55. Buried in the ancestral Tomb of Beimang mountain in Luoyang county.

Wang Zhihuan is good at writing articles and poems, and is often cited as lyrics. You is good at five character poetry, which is famous for describing the scenery of frontier fortress. His representative works include climbing the stork tower and two poems of Liangzhou.

(the general picture is taken from the bronze statue of Wang Zhihuan in the stork tower in Yongji, Shanxi Province)

Life of the characters

Family background

Wang Zhihuan has no biography in the old and new books of the Tang Dynasty, and the biography of Tang talent is also very simple, saying that Wang Zhihuan was a Jimen man. Jin Neng of the Tang Dynasty wrote the epitaph and preface of the prince of Taiyuan in Wen'an County, Wen'an County of the Tang Dynasty. It is recorded that Wang Zhihuan "his family Jinyang, and the official moved to Jiangjun", then Jinyang (today's Taiyuan, Shanxi) was his origin, and his ancestors moved to Jiangzhou (today's Xinjiang, Shanxi) when he was an official.

According to the epitaph, Wang Zhihuan was born in 688, the fourth year of chuigong of Empress Wu Zetian. He had four brothers, and his line was the last. At that time, the Wang family in Taiyuan was a famous family. Wang Longzhi, the fifth ancestor of Wang Zhihuan, was the governor of Jiangzhou in the later Wei Dynasty, which may be the reason why he moved to Jiangzhou. In the Sui Dynasty, Wang Xin, the great ancestor of the Tang Dynasty, invited a doctor and wrote a work for him. In the Tang Dynasty, he was the magistrate of Anyi county.

Wang Zhihuan was intelligent and studious when he was young. He was chivalrous and unrestrained when he was young. He often played sword and elegy. He traveled from Wuling to Wuling when he was young. He was able to study articles before he was 20 years old. In his prime, he was no longer a classic.

Bumpy official career

During the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, Wang Zhihuan became an official and made up the main book of Hengshui in Jizhou. There are poems such as "banquet Ci" and "farewell".

In 722, Wang Zhihuan married the Li family of Bohai, the third daughter of Li Di, the magistrate of Hengshui County, Jizhou.

In the 14th year of Kaiyuan (726), Wang Zhihuan resigned because he was framed and slandered.

Singing at home

From 727 to 741, Wang Zhihuan lived for 15 years. With an open mind to seek advice and concentrate on writing poems, the name of the poem was greatly promoted, and it was in harmony with Wang Changling and others. Fu "ascend the stork tower", "Liangzhou two poems" and other poems.

In the 20th year of Kaiyuan (732), Wang Zhihuan lived in Jimen (Jiqiu), where Gao Shi did not meet him and wrote poems. "Farewell on the Ninth" is regarded as before and after this.

Die of disease

In the first year of Tianbao (742), due to the persuasion of his close friend Yijiao, Wang Zhihuan entered the official circle again to supplement the Wen'an County captain of Wen'an County. The officials in office are famous for their innocence and fairness, which are praised by the local people. On February 24, the first year of Tianbao, he was ill and finally went to the official residence. He was 55 years old.

On May 22, 743, Wang Zhihuan was buried in Beiyuan, Luoyang. Jin Neng, a military officer in Yongning County, wrote an epitaph.

Main impact

Wang Zhihuan is one of the frontier poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Together with Cen Shen, Gao Shi and Wang Changling, he is known as the "four frontier poets" of the Tang Dynasty. His poems are full of exciting and uplifting personality style. Although his words are very simple, they are far-reaching and make people feel endless aftertaste in his poems. His poems about the scenery of Northwest China are characteristic, grand, broad, passionate, beautiful, eloquent and widely read. It is a pity that his poems are seriously lost, and only six of them have been included in the whole Tang poetry. Among the six poems, three are famous, namely, climbing the stork tower, two poems of Liangzhou and farewell. The former two poems are especially popular, which can be described as "all can be recited.". Among them, "if you want to be poor for thousands of miles, you can go to a higher level" and "the Yellow River is far away from the white clouds, a lonely city, Wanren mountain" are the best sentences that have been passed down through the ages. It was these two poems that won Wang Zhihuan a prominent position in the world.

"Climbing the stork tower" has only 20 words to describe the vast and magnificent scenery of the sunset mountains and rivers, as well as the ambition of climbing and looking far and far. The poem is magnificent and powerful, with profound poetic thinking and full of enlightenment, reflecting the open mind of the scholars in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. This poem "scenery into the situation", the truth and scenery, things melt seamlessly, seemingly unreasonable, but the reason itself. It is a model of using image thinking to show the philosophy of life according to the characteristics of poetry. This poem is also a quatrain with antithesis. Shen Deqian once pointed out when he selected this poem in Tang poetry biecai: "all the four languages are right. You can't feel the row when you read it, so it's high bone." The former couplet uses the right name pair, the so-called "right and opposite", the sentence is very neat, heavy and powerful, which shows the grandeur of the scene; the latter couplet uses the flowing water pair, although the two sentences are relative, but there is no trace of confrontation. The poet's skill of using antithesis is very mature. "Two pairs of neat, but flowing, five words absolutely, allow to push this for the first song," said the review of the newly revised Tang poetry picking notes

"Liangzhou CI two" to "the Yellow River far between white clouds" one is particularly popular. This poem, based on the vast and desolate background outside the great wall and the music "breaking the willows" played by Qiang flute, reveals the sorrow of the long Garrison and homesickness of the conqueror, and shows his deep sympathy for the garrison soldiers. The poet described the special feeling of the Yellow River from a special perspective. At the same time, he also showed the magnificent and desolate scenery of the frontier area, which was solemn and desolate, affectionate and full of generosity. The cold of the frontier just reflected the sorrow that the frontier soldiers could not return to their hometown. This kind of sorrow was not depressed, but heroic and broad. "Another edition of Tang poetry" says: "Li Yulin pushed Wang Changling's" the bright moon of Qin Dynasty "as the scroll, while Wang Yuanmei pushed Wang Han's" grape wine "as the scroll. Wang Yuyang said: "it's necessary to press the volume. Wang Weizhi's Weicheng, Li Bai's Baidi, Wang Changling's fengchupingming, and Wang Zhihuan's" the Yellow River is far up "are the commoners! At the end of the Tang Dynasty, there was no quatrains to the right of the four chapters. "

Wang Zhihuan's "Liangzhou Ci" (the Yellow River is far above the white clouds) and "climbing the stork tower" rank third and fourth in the list of Tang poetry compiled by Professor Wang Zhaopeng of Wuhan University. These two poems were once regarded as the best of the seven and the best of the five. Among them, the poem Liangzhou CI (the Yellow River is far above the white clouds) is known as a famous work of "passing on the movement and spreading among the population", which has become a typical representative of "Tang music".

Main works

Wang Zhihuan's works are rarely handed down from generation to generation. There are only six poems in 256 volumes of the whole Tang poetry, including climbing the stork tower, farewell, banquet Ci, farewell on nine days and Liangzhou CI.

Historical evaluation

Jin Neng's epitaph and preface to the epitaph of the prince of Taiyuan, Wen'an County, Wen'an County in the Tang Dynasty: generous and simple, and unconventional and talented. Taste or song to join the army, chant out of the fortress, Xi extremely Guanshan moon thinking, Xiao Qu get the sound of the cold wind of Yishui, spread in the movement, spread in the population. In the works of eulogy to Fu Ya, the poetry is full of metaphor. The article is here. I don't know how to replace it!

Sima Guang's Wen Gong Xu Shi Hua: in the middle of the Tang Dynasty, the articles were very popular, and its name was lost. For example, the stork tower in the middle of the river has Wang Zhihuan and Chang Dang's poems. Chang poem said: "close to the birds, high death on earth. Tianshi encircles pingye and the river flows into Duanshan. " Wang Shi said: "the day is close to the mountain, and the Yellow River flows into the sea. If you want to be poor for thousands of miles, you can go to a higher level. " Both of them were not counted by the sages at that time. How can they be compared with those who are good at poetry!

Shen Kuo's MengXiBiTan: the stork tower in Hezhong mansion has two floors. It looks forward to Zhongtiao and overlooks the river. There are many poems left by Tang Dynasty people. Only Li Yi, Wang Zhihuan and Chang Dang can describe the scenery.

Ji Yougong's chronicle of Tang Poetry: Zhihuan, a native of Bingzhou, and his elder brother Zhixian, Zhiben all have literary names. In the epitaph of Zheng Min, the governor of Chuzhou, written by Le Tian, it is said that "when he sang with Wang Changling, Wang Zhihuan and Cui Guofu, his name changed for a while."

Xin Wenfang's biography of Tang talent: Zhihuan and Ji. People. There is little chivalry. All the people who travel from Wuling are young people. They fight swords, sing sad songs and drink wine from birds. Zhongzhejie attack article, ten years reputation. He was ashamed of being trapped in the courthouse, so he paid a visit to a famous man. For the poetry to elegant, get Qi Liang wind. Every time there is a work, the musicians often take the rhythm of the quilt.

Guan Shiming's preface to Tang poetry in xueshanfang: Mojie, Shaobo and Taibai stand in the same position. Wang Zhihuan's article "far up the Yellow River" is worthy of its number and its number. He called it a team of his own. Besides Wang Zhihuan's "the Yellow River is far up", five words such as "farewell" and "stork tower" should also be included in the painting of flag Pavilion. Thirty four pieces of reading: or Wang Zhihuan's "far up the Yellow River", why not? Yu Yingzhi said: "the work of God, that is, the author can no longer have."

Anecdotes and allusions

Painted wall of flag Pavilion

During the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Changling, Gao Shi and Wang Zhihuan were all famous, but they were all in a poor situation. One day, it was snowing. The three poets went to the restaurant together to have a drink on credit. Soon after sitting down, a dozen Geisha in the pear garden, led by the Lingguan, went upstairs to have a banquet. So the three poets went inside to avoid the noise. Before long, four young girls came in. They were all famous Geisha in Kyoto at that time. As a result, Wang Changling said to Gao Shi and Wang Zhihuan, "we are all famous for our poems, and we can't tell the difference between them. Now we are here to eavesdrop on the singing of all the geisha. Whoever has the most poems and songs is the best. " All three agreed. In a short time, a Geisha sang: "the cold rain comes to the river, and the night comes to Wu. In pingming, she sees off Chu mountain alone. Luoyang relatives and friends such as ask, a piece of ice in the jade pot This is Wang Changling's "sending Xin Jian to Furong tower". Therefore, Wang Changling drew a picture on the wall with her hand and said, "this is my quatrains!" After a while, a Geisha sang: "open the suitcase with tears, see your book the day before yesterday. How lonely is the night platform, it's still a place where children live. " This is

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