You Shixiong

You Shixiong

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You Shixiong (1037-1097), a man of martial arts, was a Jinshi in the first year of song Zhiping (1064). He joined the army in Liyi Prefecture, was a judge of the Deshun army, was the chief of Zongzheng temple, and was a military supervisor. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, he firmly opposed abandoning the four villages in Northern Shaanxi and wrote the record of Fenjiang for this purpose. He sent an envoy to Xihe to help command the Tubo army, which was defeated by the song army. He served as a magistrate in Shaanxi Province and promoted the prison in Qinfeng road. Transport into Shaanxi. He wrote Shao Sheng'an Bian CE several times in response to the merits and demerits of zhe Zong's frontier defense. Later, he learned about Jiazhou, Hezhong Prefecture, Shanzhou, etc. Shi said that he was "generous and heroic, and had the ambition to make contributions," and was familiar with border affairs. It is a pity that Shi Lun has not been reused. Shaosheng four years, died in shaanzhou office.

People information

You Shixiong (1037-1097),

He was a famous official, general, poet and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty,

Jingzhao Mansion

Martial arts

(now Wugong Town, Wugong County, Shaanxi Province) people. According to the epitaph of you Shixiong: "Gong taboo Shixiong, with the name of Uncle Jing, surnamed you, has lived in Jingzhao. His great ancestors Yongzhan and Zuyu were all not officials. Kao Guangji was the first minister of Dali temple, and he was presented to the court as a gift Zhang Gongren gave birth to five children, including Chang Jing, CI group, San Yi, Si Shou and Wu Hu, all of whom were ranked first in the science and technology. In Duchang, Jinxian and other places, the genealogical records of Shixiong Gong are as follows: Shixiong Gong has the character of Fan Shi, Zeng Zugong, Zu Jianyan and Kao Congshan He married Cai Gong and had two sons.

Life of the characters

Song Zhiping first year (1064) Jinshi (Qing Yongzheng "Shaanxi Tongzhi" volume 30 said is Zhiping second year Jinshi), granted Yizhou Si Hu to join the army. In the fourth year of Xining (1071), he was appointed as a judge of the Deshun army. He discussed with the generals about the border affairs and made many achievements, making the border safe. At the beginning of Yuanyou, the imperial court proposed to abandon the four villages in the border area. Shixiong strongly advocated to stick to it, but his opinions were not adopted. As a result, Xixia gained an inch and there was no peaceful day at the border. In the second year of Yuanyou (1087), Shixiong was changed to be the commander of military equipment. At that time, Xia people conspired to invade Xihe. General Liu Shunqing adopted Shixiong's strategy to resist the enemy. He won a great victory in successive battles, killing nearly 4000 enemy troops and capturing nine enemy commanders. When the news of victory came, the whole country was celebrating. He was soon promoted to judge of Shaanxi Province. In the fifth year of Yuanyou's reign (1090-1091), he was also appointed to the criminal prison of Qinfeng road. In the following year, Xia people invaded Jingyuan and Xihe, and you Shixiong built strategic strongholds such as hugeng qizhai between Dingxi and Tongwei to strengthen defense and stabilize the border for many years. Later, he was transferred to wailang, a member of the Ministry of rites, and a Jixian school manager, and led the Shaanxi transit envoy. in 1093, he was transferred to be the commander of Jiayun in fenglang. Shixiong asked to resign because he was ill. When he was interviewed by zhezong, he praised his merits and promoted him to Wei Wei Shaoqing instead. In the first year of Shaosheng (1094), you Shixiong planned 60 strategies for emperor zhezong to resist the enemy, which was called Shaosheng Anbian strategy at that time. In the second year of Shaosheng's reign (1095), he was transferred to the governor of Hezhong, and soon he was promoted to zhilongtuge and the governor of Qinzhou. He led the general manager of the Mabu army in Qinfeng Road, such as jiafeiqiwei. In the autumn of the fourth year of Shaosheng (1097), he was transferred to be the magistrate of Shanzhou. He died on July 6, and died at the age of 60. He was buried for martial arts and his tomb is still in existence.

The talent of classics and history

You Shixiong is generous. He is not only good at strategy and martial arts, but also good at literature and history. He attaches importance to the protection of historical and cultural heritage. During his tenure in Shaanxi, he presided over the re engraving of the stele of six steeds in Zhaoling in the fourth year of Yuanyou (1089) and created the statue of six steeds in Taizong mausoleum temple; five years later, he carved the stele of Zhaoling in the first year of Shaosheng (1094). At the beginning of the 20th century, the famous stone carvings of "Zhaoling Liujun" in the Tang Dynasty were broken down into small pieces by the great powers in collusion with the national scum. Two of them were stolen to the United States, and the other four were intercepted by the masses and stored in the forest of steles (now Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum). Although the stone carvings of Sijun survived, they were not completely damaged. The poems praising horses by Taizong and the names of horses inscribed on them can not be seen. Only you Shixiong's "Zhaoling Liujun stele" preserved these important materials. The stele of six horses in Zhaoling was originally built outside the South Gate of Ningjia Village (the former site of Taizong Temple), Jiuxian County, Liquan County, and moved to Zhaoling Museum in 1974. It is 2.68 meters high, 0.98 meters wide and 0.28 meters thick. It has a round head and a turtle seat. It is surrounded by a relief pattern of Pan Jue. In the middle, it is carved with four characters of "Zhaoling Liujun". 2 words in each line, read vertically from left to right. The body of the tablet is a cuboid, and the characters on the surface of the tablet are divided into upper and lower parts, with regular script engraved on it. The upper part is "yunduan Fengyi Yougong inscription Liujun stele". There are 25 lines of inscriptions with 11 characters in each line, accounting for one fourth of the surface of the tablet. At the lower part of the tablet, there are lines engraved with the names of six horses and praising poems, accounting for three-quarters of the surface of the tablet. In the inscription, you Shixiong stated: "the six steeds are five li north of the mausoleum, and they travel forty Li from the foot of the mountain. The rock path is steep and dangerous, so it's difficult to climb. Because the official of the city was instructed to imitate the shape of the stone statue with arrow, and Qiu xinggongzhen (suspected lack of "image") was molded in the Taizong temple outside the west gate of the city. High quality, high fiber size, no difference for visitors. Another way is to carve stones for drawing in order to spread it widely. " It can be seen that he is very far sighted, which not only shows the purpose and intention of his statues and steles, but also his attitude of imitation is extremely rigorous and serious. This stele, with the technique of line carving, reduces the proportion of the relief of Liujun, and engraves Liujun on a stone stele. Meanwhile, it records Liujun's name, color characteristics, battles and Taizong's "Liujun praise", which has become a precious material for later generations to study "Zhaoling Liujun". The six steeds handed down today, especially the details of the saddle and the arrow shot, are based on this stele. imagine that without his outstanding contribution, the "six heroes of Zhaoling" would never be solved. The stele of Zhaoling was originally erected in the front yard of Taizong Temple (now Ningjia) in Dongjiu village, Liquan County, and moved to Zhaoling Museum in 1972. It is 2.68M high, 0.99M wide and 0.31m thick, with a round head. On the forehead of the tablet, the seal script "the painting of Zhaoling Mausoleum of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty" is engraved horizontally. On the left side of the body of the tablet is the painting of Emperor Taizong's mausoleum, and on the right is the painting of emperor suzong's mausoleum. It is divided into two parts: the upper part of Zhaoling is about four fifths of the total area of the stele, and the lower part is engraved with the distance from Liquan County of Song Dynasty to its neighboring counties, Zhaoling and Jianling. Although the names and locations of the tombs recorded in the steles are different from those of today's archaeological field investigation, the scope of the cemetery, the ground buildings and the system of the mausoleum all provide important reference materials for later generations. The records of Zhaoling in Song minqiu's Chang'an annals and Li Haowen's Chang'an annals are all based on this stele. In particular, the titles of the stone statues of the fourteen kingdoms of Zhaoling are basically consistent with the titles of several statues found today, which are still valuable materials. in the Qianling mausoleum, you Shixiong "saw the stone man's name vanishing, so he imitated the intact rubbings collected by the old house in Fengtian County, and carved four steles with 16 people in each stele", standing in front of the stone man's statue. There are 64 statues of vassal officials in Qianling, which are not recorded in historical records before Song Dynasty. According to his stele record, there are 39 distinguishable steles in Chang'an annals, of which 36 are verified today. There are only 6 distinguishable steles. The four steles are undoubtedly very important. It's a pity that most of the statues of the vassal officials of Qianling were destroyed, and even the four steles copied by you Shixiong have long been lost. you Shixiong is in the officialdom and is concerned about cultural relics. He may have done a lot of practical work in the protection of historical and cultural heritage, but there is no record, and people know little about it. Today, the historical value, social value and academic value of cultural relics and historic sites are far more than any other times in the past. Looking back on you Shixiong's actions in the cultural relics of Zhaoling and Qianling is undoubtedly a very beneficial enlightenment for later generations.

military stratagem

When you were young, you Shixiong studied with Zhang Zai, the ancestor of Guan school, and got to know the mystery of his theory. After the Jin Dynasty, he joined the army as the commander of Yizhou (now Huating County, Gansu Province), and transferred the judge of Deshun Army (now Jingning County, Gansu Province). At that time, the generals of the front line discussed the strategy of attack and defense, and you Shixiong was able to help them. Once, General Liu Guan discussed with the commander-in-chief that he planned to enter Heishui from Yan'an. You Shixiong thought that the place was near Xixia, so he was afraid of ambush and suggested to take another road. Soon, the detective reported that Xixia had elite soldiers beside the black water. Liu guanxie said, "if you hadn't pointed out in advance, I would not have come back!" When Zhao Xun led the army in Yan'an, you Shixiong was recommended as a subordinate. For a while, the Western Xia Dynasty suddenly sent troops to invade, and most of the frontier troops were stationed in other castles. To the north of long'ansai (in the present-day North of Ansai County), the forces of the cities were empty. You Shixiong was not surprised. He suggested that the militia should be called in to guard the city. There were many stones in the city. When the enemy soldiers arrived, they knew they were on guard, so they didn't dare to go deep. They only attacked a few small villages on the border and retreated. In the first year of Yuanyou (1086), you Shixiong was called to Beijing to be the master of Zongzheng temple. The prime ministers are going to abandon the four important villages on the border. Because you Shixiong knows the border situation in detail, he asks for his advice. He argues for it and firmly opposes it. The prime ministers didn't take his advice, so he compiled Fen Jiang Lu and submitted it. Soon after, he was transferred to be the commander of military equipment. At that time, Guizhang, the chief of Tubo, threatened the Qiang tribes and colluded with Xixia to seek the area of Xizhou and Hezhou. The imperial edict ordered you Shixiong to send envoys to Xi and he, and the frontier generals to deal with the situation according to the situation. After you Shixiong arrived at the frontier, he learned from the detective that Xixia soldiers had gone down to Tiandu mountain (in the southeast of Haiyuan County in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region), and their vanguard troops had been stationed in Tongyuan village to the east of Tiandu mountain, while Tubo was about to attack Hezhou from the West. You Shixiong is ready to strike first. Liu Shunqing, the commander-in-chief, thought that the enemy was outnumbered and refused to act rashly. You Shixiong said: "the way to use troops lies in strategy, not in the number of people. If I can't win, I'd rather

Chinese PinYin : You Shi Xiong