Hong Zun
Hong Zun
Hong Zun (1120-1174) was born in Leping, Raozhou, Jiangxi Province in the Southern Song Dynasty. Later, he entered the official career because of his father. In February of 1142, Shaoxing and his elder brother Hong Shitong learned a lot about Hongci, and Hong Zun was the first
Champion
Hong Shi was the second
Top of the list
His father, Hong Hao, once served as Minister of rites, Dajin Tongwen envoy, huiyouge direct bachelor, tiju wanshouguan and Quanzhi bachelor's college, and granted Wei Guozhong Xuangong. Together with his brother Hong Shi and brother Hong Mai, he learned Hongci in succession, which is known as "three Hongs",
Sanhong in the same Dynasty is rare in Taifu
. He was promoted to Secretary Sheng Zhengzi. He was appointed to Hanlin. He was appointed to the imperial palace. He knew the affairs of the Privy Council, Duanming palace, Taiping Xingguo palace, right prime minister. He was appointed as the founding Marquis of Poyang County. He died as a Shaobao of Jin Dynasty and a Duke of Xinguo.
To the grand master, right Prime Minister
There were 1300 households in the city, and four hundred households in the city. His posthumous title is Wen'an, his wife is Zhu, his daughter is Zhu Zhenggang, and his wife is Feng Xinguo. He is a famous numismatist, who also studies medicine.
personal works
In the Song Dynasty, especially in the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a very serious "money shortage", that is, the shortage of metal currency. In 1149, Hong Zun wrote Quan Zhi, and he was very careful about casting money. According to the biography of Hong Hao in the history of the Song Dynasty, Hong Zun once said, "because of the face, on the interests of casting money, the emperor accepted it.". According to volume 180 of the chronicles of the years since Jianyan, Hong Zun's comments on the interests of casting money took place in 1158, the 28th year of Shaoxing. It is stated in Volume 16 of miscellaneous records of the court and the wild since the founding of the Yan Dynasty, Zhu Jian of casting money, that "at the Gengchen of July, Hong Jingyan sacrificed people for daily life, which was the harm of Shangyan's bronze ware. It is said that the Imperial Palace bronze ware 1500 Pepsi was paid to Quanzhi, so he collected a large amount of folk bronze ware to cast money, Xu Gaoshang. After that, we got two million jin of copper. " Yongping and Yongfeng were the main coin casting supervisors in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, after the disaster of war, the second prison was abandoned. In the second year of Shaoxing (1132), the Song court merged Chizhou Yongfeng prison with Raozhou Yongping prison. Only 80000 yuan of annual coinage was combined with Guangning prison which was merged into Qianzhou, which was far lower than the annual coinage in the Northern Song Dynasty. (history of the Song Dynasty · records of food and goods) after that, due to the decrease of coinage year by year, Raozhou Qian Jian was abandoned in the sixth year of Shaoxing (1136). In the 27th year of Shaoxing (1157), in order to reverse the aggravation of "money shortage", the Song court ordered the restoration of "money casting supervisors in Rao, Gan and Shao". In the 29th year of Shaoxing (1159), it was proposed that Yongping and Yongfeng should be restored to be the money supervisors and that they should be responsible for casting money in Poyang. Shen, who advocated that the coin making should be attributed to bancao, should be dismissed. Therefore, he Pu, the left secretary, asked Yu Yongping and Yongfeng to reinstate the coin making department on the ground of "making officials to correct their names, and then being responsible for what they have to do.". Therefore, Hong Zun and others in the imperial edict of the Song Dynasty discussed this issue. Hong Zun and others commented: "there were drum casting envoys in the Tang Dynasty. At the beginning of the state Dynasty, they were either led by Cao officials, or set envoys separately, or divided into two divisions. Since the resurgence of the Qing Dynasty, the capital has been set up to raise officials. They have too much power and too many officials. However, it should be done at any time. For the sake of saving the malpractice, it is urgent to abolish it. If something happens in a hurry, there is no definite conclusion I think it's convenient to be rehoused. Today, I would like to refer to the old system of my ancestors, and today's interests. I take the title of tidiankeng metallurgy and casting money official in Jianghuai, Jingzhe, Fujian and Guangnan roads, and I still have the title of transport magistrate and forerunner. I set up a department in Rao and Gan prefectures, and I am in charge of lost years. If the state and county in Keng ye do not know, Xu from the Department impeachment. Rao and Ganzhou set up one subordinate official, Shao and Jianzhou set up two jianta officials, one copper expeditor official and one military official. According to the imperial edict, the officials were appointed to be appointed (Li Xinchuan: records of the year since Jianyan, volume 182)
Historical records
Hong Zun's works include Quan Zhi, revised edition of historical records, Han Yuan Qun Shu, Han Yuan Yi Shi, Pu Shuang, Hong Shi Ji Yan Fang, Jin Sheng Zhi Mi Fang, Hong Wen An Gong Yi Ji, etc. Chinese numismatics has a long history, but most of the ancient Monographs on numismatics have been lost. Fortunately, Lai Hongzun's Quanzhi has kept a lot of comments and records on numismatics from the Southern Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty. Quanzhi was written in 1149, the 19th year of Shaoxing, when Hong Zun was 30 years old. Quanzhi is a work with high academic value, which can be regarded as a classic of Chinese numismatics. The style of the book is rigorous, the writing is concise, the examination is careful, the quotations are marked with detailed sources, and the arguments are carefully considered. He had unique views on the dating of pre Qin coins, and had a great influence on the later studies of numismatics. This book contains 348 coins. In addition to Hong Zun's more than 100 items, the rest were copied from other people's money and historical books. Hong Zun divided the money into nine categories: genuine goods, counterfeit goods, goods of unknown age, natural goods, knife and cloth goods, foreign goods, exotic goods, divine goods and Yasheng goods. If we adjust the nine categories in order and strictly distinguish them, there are only three categories: genuine goods, non genuine goods and foreign goods. In Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, the numismatic notation basically inherited the classification of Quanzhi, or just made a little profit and loss. There are more than 90 kinds of previous works quoted from Quanzhi, many of which have been lost. That is to say, with the help of Hong's book, two pieces of Liu's Qian Pu, 34 pieces of Gu Ji's Qian Pu, 4 pieces of Xu Qian Pu, 28 pieces of Zhang Tai's Qian Pu, 3 pieces of Tao Yue's Huoquan Lu, 4 pieces of Quan Guang's Qian Lu, more than 50 pieces of Li Xiaomei's Qian Pu, 13 pieces of Dong's Qian Pu, and 60 pieces of Jiu Pu are preserved.
Life experience
Hong Zun (1120-1174) was born in Poyang, Raozhou, Song Dynasty.
His father, Hong Hao (1088-1155), was a Jinshi in the fifth year of Zhenghe (1115). In the sixth year of Xuanhe (1124), Dashui in Xiuzhou (now Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province) recorded affairs for the State Department, sent relief, and risked the "unforgivable crime" to invite gangmi to stay in eastern Zhejiang for disaster relief. It was said that "Ningyi Yi Yi 100000 people's lives" won the hearts of the people, and was known as "hongfozi". In the third year of Jianyan's reign (1129), Liu Yu was forced to serve as a minister of rites, Jin, and WAN Yan Zonghan. He refused to obey and was killed. He exiled Lengshan and retreated to Yanjing. He refused to accept the official position of Jin people, and repeatedly sent people to the Song Dynasty to play the political situation of Jin Dynasty, and begged for a teacher to attack in order to recover. He stayed in Jin for 15 years and suffered a lot. He is a strong patriot. In 1143, Shaoxing returned to Lin'an. Then he got rid of huiyouge's direct bachelor's degree, and he was also in charge of the direct bachelor's college. Qin Hui, a traitor in power, refused to defend the county and was relegated to Yingzhou for nine years. He moved to Yuanzhou in 1155 and died in Nanxiong at the age of 68.
There are eight Hongzun brothers, including elder brother Shi, younger brother Mai, Ti, Xun, Miao, Shen and Xun. They all became officials. The Hong family was a famous family in Jiangxi Province in the Southern Song Dynasty. Hong Zun is not only one of the prosperous members of the Hong family, but also grew up in such a family.
Hong Zun was as intelligent as an adult from his childhood. He was a teacher of literature and did not stop at the age of cold and heat. His father's envoys Jin and Li were detained in Mobei, and his mother died of illness. At that time, his family was also very difficult. He and his brother were studying in the monk's house, and they did not undress at night. In the shadow of his father, he made up for Cheng Wu Lang. In the 12th year of Shaoxing (1142), Hong Zun went to Lin'an (today's Hangzhou) for an examination with his brother Shi and brother Mai, and lived in Nanshan Jingci courtyard (today's Jingsi). Together with brother Shi, he ascended the Department of erudite and macro CI. He was elected as the first in the middle school and was granted Jinshi background. Gaozong said: "if the father is far away, the son can stand on his own. This loyalty and righteousness is rewarded, so he should be promoted." Then the secretary was given the correct character of province. In the Southern Song Dynasty, ci poetry was selected and entered the library. Qin Xi, the son of the traitor Qin Hui, was the officer, and Hong zunbu Fu was suppressed by him. The next year, his father returned from the Jin Dynasty and was demoted by Qin Hui. Hong Zun was released to the outside world, and was successively sentenced by Chang, Wu and Yue. In the 25th year of Shaoxing (1155), it was re entered as a regular character. In August, he went to the bachelor's college. Later, his father died in mourning. In the 28th year of Shaoxing (1158), Chen's father was wronged and said: "the former minister and Gong Wang Shou went out of Xinjiang together. Gong Wang Shou became an official of Liu Yu and killed military officials in vain. Qin Hui presented Jie to promote his son. The first minister refused to accept the order of the Jin people, but he returned when he was 15 years old. It's the same with juniper ③ Although Emperor Gaozong offered consolation, he put the blame on Qin Hui, who had died. He said, "all the three sons of Hong can be used." in fact, the emperor, who was used to playing tricks on power, had no intention of reusing loyal officials and good generals. Therefore, although Hong zunbi paid homage to his family members, he also took charge of the Privy Council. Shaoxing 29 years (1159), worship Zhongshu Sheren. In the first month of the 30th year (1160), he tried to be the Minister of the Ministry of official, and later he was concurrently the Minister of the Ministry of official. In 1161, he went out to know Pingjiang mansion. Emperor Xiaozong ascended the throne and was appointed by Hanlin. Zhilong Xingyuan year (1164) tribute, worship Tongzhi Privy Council. In July of the same year, Duanming Palace (the second time) promoted Taiping Xingguo palace. Qiandao six years (1170) to know Xinzhou. He moved to Taiping Prefecture. He also moved to Jiankang mansion, Jiangdong pacification envoy and palace to stay. It won't be long. In the first year of Chunxi (1174), Dongxiao palace was raised. He died in November of the same year. He was only fifty-five years old. He was posthumously named Wen'an and presented to the grand master.
Hong Zun's outstanding achievements
1、 He is loyal to his duty, honest and creative
In May of the 28th year of Shaoxing (1158), Hong Zun, as a living room man, played a song and begged to get rid of the official banquets, to seal the chapter, to hold banquets, to talk and read questions and answers, and so on. Later, in November of the second year of Qiandao (1166), Renzi also had a note on Xiangxi hall, which was actually from the beginning. In July of the same year, because of the confrontation with Emperor Gaozong, he said to the ministers, "it's quite worthwhile to abide by the rules.". Originally, the old system of the Song Dynasty was a system of revising and annotating officials
Chinese PinYin : Hong Zun
Hong Zun
