shen quanqi

shen quanqi

Shen Quanqi (about 656-715), with the word Yunqing, was born in Neihuang, Xiangzhou (now Neihuang County, Anyang City), and his ancestral home was Wuxing (now Huzhou, Zhejiang Province). Tang Dynasty poet, Confucianist. It is as famous as song Zhiwen and is called "Shen Song".

He is good at writing, especially in seven words. Promoted to Shidi. In Chang'an Middle School, Lei Qian passed through Shi she Ren, revised "three teachings Zhu Ying" in advance, and transferred Gong Lang to Shi Zhong. Take Zhang Yizhi and Liuzhou. He moved to Taizhou to join the army. Dragon, summon, worship living Lang, xiuwenguan straight bachelor, Li Zhongshu Sheren, Prince less Zhan things. The first death of Kaiyuan.

After Jian'an, the poetry of Jiangzuo changed many times, and Shen Yue and Yu Xin attached each other with euphemism, which was a kind of precision, and Shen Quanqi and song Zhiwen, but also a kind of beauty. Back to avoid sound disease, about sentence accurate chapter, such as rich written, scholar Zongzhi, known as "Shen Song". As the saying goes: Su and Li are in the front, Shen and song are in the same position. There are ten volumes of poetry and three volumes of poetry.

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Shen Quanqi (about 656-715), a poet of Tang Dynasty, was named Yunqing. In the second year of Shangyuan (675) of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty, he was a Jinshi. Xielang moved to be a member of the Imperial Examination Committee wailang. He was jailed for bribery. After he got out of prison, he was reinstated and moved to the central government. Zhongzong ascended the throne and was exiled to juezhou for flattering Zhang Yizhi. In the third year of Shenlong's reign (707), he was called to worship the living man, who was also a direct scholar of the literary academy, and served in the palace. After the calendar in the book Sheren, Prince less Zhan things. Shen Quanqi is as famous as song Zhiwen, and is also called "Shen Song". Their modern style poetry is strict and precise, and they are regarded as the representative poets of the formation of the system. The original collection of 10 volumes has been lost. The collection of Shen Quanqi was compiled by the people of Ming Dynasty.

His "Du Bu Jian" is an excellent seven character metrical poem which appeared earlier. It has clear rhyme, wide realm and flying momentum. This poem was once regarded as "the first of the seven rhythms of the Tang Dynasty".

Gao Bing (zuomu Youbing) commented in the preface to Tang Poetry: the new voice of Shen Song and the great writing of Su (ting) and Zhang (Shuo) were the prosperous of the early Tang Dynasty. The predecessors' comments on Shen and Song Dynasty are generally belittled and affirmed their position in the poems. This passage is the final conclusion of Shen Quanqi in the history of ancient Chinese literature. It is also because he is not a famous and indispensable figure in the history of literature that literary historians only take advantage of his merits and ignore his grievances, so that "they are all about Princess Taiping, Zhang Yizhi and other sycophants", " The evaluation of "Bo Qi is a man" has been handed down to this day. Is it true?

Character events

The statement that quanqigong in literary history "flatters Princess Taiping, Zhang Yizhi and other sycophants" is not consistent with historical facts. In Tongjian Jishi benmo, all the political affairs and court discussions happened in the Tang Dynasty from 670 to 705 are more than 30 years after Empress Wu came into power and Princess Taiping took part in politics. There are more and more people involved in historical affairs, political affairs and curtain affairs, but there are few direct references to Shen Quanqi. Only indirectly, it is said that he and song Zhiwen were both Jinshi of Shangyuan Dynasty, xielang and kaogong wailang He was a famous court poet at that time. Song was implicated in Princess Taiping's affair, so he was executed in exile. As for making friends with Zhang Yi, it is not mentioned at all. There is no textual research on the year and month when the saying "all about Princess Taiping, Zhang Yizhi and other expensive sycophants" came from. It should be noted that the case of Princess Taiping and Zhang Yizhi was an iron case at that time. If Quan Qigong really participated in the case, Ruizong would not be vindicated, because they were also Ruizong's mortal enemies.

However, it is true that Shen Quanqi was exiled to Guanzhou in 705 ad. Why was he exiled? What is the reason? These two questions can not be studied in history, but in Shen clan, they are descendants of quanqigong. It is a pity that they are not clear. As the 49th generation grandson of quanqigong, we can also find some reasons for the injustice from his poems. Since it's textual research, there must be evidence to illustrate the problem. In his poem "Bei Tan", Quan Qigong first said, "it is not easy to know people in the past, but it is not expensive and easy to lose.". How can you, according to the constitution of the state, blame me for not guilty. " These four sentences are very clear. The first two are exclamations, to the effect that they are not virtuous, but framed by them. He was impeached and tried by the people he once recommended, and the people who tried him did not abide by the laws and regulations at that time. The villain gained the upper hand and imposed some "unnecessary" charges on him. The next is to say "less to the text as an official, hand did not open the law.". Once the Dharma stalemate, waste busy mind like paint It means that when he first entered the officialdom, he wrote poems for the emperor. He was mainly professional. He didn't know how to cheat each other in the officialdom. He was unjustified and at a loss. It is a reflection after being hit. According to textual research and analysis, there are three reasons for quanqigong's real conviction and exile. One is that he is young, honest, talented, spoiled and envied. When he was very young, Quan Qigong became a Jinshi and became an official. He was honest and didn't pay attention to the way of being an official. He liked to speak bluntly and offended people. He was also envied because he often wrote poems with his relatives during the reign of Emperor Wu. It is a good example to say that people are envious of following the straight line in their life. Such things are common today, not to mention in the prosperous period of feudal society. It is not surprising that "in the prime time, there are no major events, the courtiers guess each other". Second, he made the taboo of "the latter officials are not against the former officials" in his work or in his appointment as a secretary of state. According to Quan Qigong's poem, he is a quiet and cautious man. When he was a high-ranking official, he didn't accept students, didn't form friends, lacked the base of being a high-ranking official, and didn't hide the mistakes of his predecessor. He was a bit bent on his own way. That's what he said. It can be seen that there were so many people he offended when he was in favor that after being impeached, no one in the court came out to speak for him. Most of them fell into the well and hit the rocks. Just as he said in his poem, "Wan Shuo was angry in public, and there was no truth in his slander.". Common to white black slander, showing this Jing Wei quality.

He may have made a public nuisance. Third, he suffered from the disaster of the pond and became the victim of the palace political struggle. It is worth mentioning that the coup d'etat in Cambodia, empress Wei's political intervention, and the death of Empress Wu Zetian all took place in January, February, and November of the first year of Shenlong (705). After January, Empress Wu, who was 82 years old, was forced to move to Shangyang palace in Luoyang. A group of her trusted old ministers in Chang'an were looted, and Quan Qigong was also among them. After Wei's intervention in politics, he wantonly hunted and killed Wu Zhou's figures. Those who committed "big crimes" and those with solid evidence were mostly killed by imperial edicts, and the rest were put into prison. The reason why quanqigong was not killed by imperial edict was that Zhongzong issued an imperial edict against the Minister of Wuzhou, saying that "the imperial edict clearly shows virtue, and the unjust prisoner should not be killed indiscriminately"; and the other reason is that the person who was framed has not been confirmed.

To sum up, the first and second reasons are only superficial. The real reason for going to prison is the third one, that is, the leading figure (Emperor Wu) he followed withdrew from the stage of history and was forced to withdraw. The new dignitaries will not let go of the old figures. Besides, Webster is a vicious woman with strong revenge. Zhongzong once made a promise with Webster on the way to demote to Fangzhou Quan allowed Wei to participate in politics. Quan Qigong was a favorite of Wu Emperor. Wu Emperor always looked down on Wei. Although they were mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, their main relationship was political enemy. Can Wei let go of Quan Qigong, a favorite of Wu Emperor? Obviously not. Some people impeach him, but no one impeachs him.

The family members involved with Quan Qigong at the same time were two young sons, two elder brothers and three younger brothers. He suffered a lot in prison and was often tortured by prison guards. The prison environment was very poor, stinking lice was rampant, he couldn't eat a meal for three days, and he didn't comb his hair for two months. It was midsummer. I got malaria again and almost died of torture. But because of the injustice is not white, meaning not willing, the determination to clean up the injustice and shame supported him to survive. In the autumn of 705 A.D., he left Chang'an and went through Sichuan, Hunan and Yunnan for a year before he arrived in the exiled area of Jiazhou (now in the north and south of Vietnam). He lived in exile for five years. In 710 A.D., he received the notice of rehabilitation and went northward from Jiazhou. In 711 he arrived in Chang'an and took up a new post. He became a casual official. His "echo Ci" says very clearly that "echo is in the Quanqi period and flows out of the mountains Life and death. His name has been covered with teeth, but his robe has not been restored. "

On official career

It is not clear what he has done since he became a politician. Referring to some historical events recorded in the general history of China, combined with the years of the whole period of Gong's birth and death, as well as some fragmentary accounts mentioned in his poems, we can only make a brief examination. Quanqigong was born in the first year of Xianqing of Tang Dynasty (656) in Neihuang County, Xiangzhou Prefecture, Henan Province. He was a Jinshi in the first year of Shangyuan Dynasty (674). He was 18 years old. In ancient times, he was able to be a Jinshi at the age of 18. Among the few officials, he could be listed as a child prodigy. In December of this year, in order to win the hearts of the people and consolidate her political position, Wu Zetian played twelve things to Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty. This is the famous "Twelve rules of imperial edict" in history. One of the twelve rules is related to the official of quanqigong, that is, to raise the level of talents and lower the rank of officials. Therefore, as soon as he entered the official career, quanqigong directly entered the circle of the highest power group of the Tang Dynasty. His first duties were xielulang (equivalent to the researcher of today's Chinese Poetry Research Association) and Shizhi (equivalent to the Secretary), that is, he was engaged in clerical work or studying rules in Nansheng (Zhongshusheng, equivalent to the State Council) when he had no business, and he followed the emperor when he went on a tour or had large-scale activities He did some poems and essays to sing about the times, and his standard of metrical poems may have been completed when he was a xililang. It can be found from his poems that he has written more than 30 such poems, which are gorgeous in words and strict in rhyme, but they have no actual content and are relatively vague. Around the age of 30, he was promoted to the rank of "wailang", one of the five or six grade officials. In the Tang Dynasty, officials above Wupin were appointed by prime ministers

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