Lin gudu

Lin gudu

Lin gudu (1580-1666) was a famous poet in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty. Maozhi, No. Nazi, No. Rushan Taoist, Fujian Fuqing people. His poems and essays were famous for a time, but he did not want to be an official. He studied in Jinling and was friendly with Cao Xuequan and Wang Shizhen. When Ming Dynasty died, he regarded himself as a adherent and was called "southeast Shuo Kui" at that time. In his later years, he was poor, blind, and died at the age of 87.

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Lin gudu was born in the eighth year of Wanli reign of emperor Shenzong of Ming Dynasty and died in the twentieth year of Yongli reign of Southern Ming Dynasty (the fifth year of Kangxi reign of emperor Shengzu of Qing Dynasty). He was 87 years old. He lives in Jiangning (Nanjing). Gongshi and Shaofu "laoguxing" were known by Tulong in Donghai. Be friendly with Cao Xuequan. All the poems are clear and graceful. After traveling with Zhong Xing and Tan Yuanchun, the poetic style changed. After the Ming Dynasty died, all his family property was lost. Naipu lived in the gate of the shabby lane and cave in the south of Zhenzhu bridge. Very poor, no mosquito curtain in summer, sleeping in the catkins in winter night. Some people left the curtain, then take Yimi. Shi Runzhang pitied him, but he made his account. On the top of the book, he wrote a poem to send. In his later years, he sang with Wang Shizhen in Pingshan Hall of Hongqiao, where celebrities gathered. The poems written by Gu Du were selected by Shi Zhen as two volumes of Mao Zhi Shi Xuan, one volume of Fu, and biographies of Qing history.

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Self mockery in old age

When I read the notes of the early Qing Dynasty, I often encounter the name of Lin gudu. In his 80s, he was respectable, but poor and funny. What I remember most is his self mocking poem "winter night": "it's hard to be poor when I'm old, but the cold air belongs to my family. Without breaking the catkins by sleeping at night, it's like a lone crane entering the reed flower. " How funny it is to compare a poor old man drilling into broken cotton wadding to a solitary crane entering a reed flower. A black humor with dignity. it's hard to live without a quilt in winter and a mosquito net in summer. He has many official friends, or give him mosquito nets, but he exchange them for rice. Shi Runzhang, a poet of later generations, advised him: "there is no mosquito net in summer, which is better than no clothes in winter. You should keep it well and have a plan." Lin gudu said with a smile: "I would rather defend it with tiger." The answer was wonderful and everyone laughed. Mosquitoes are no less than tigers in summer. Shi Runzhang asked someone to make a ramie mosquito net and send it to him. For fear that he would pawn it again, he invited many scholars to write poems on the net, which is equivalent to signing the name of poet Lin, hoping that no buyer would be interested. One of the poems reads: "Lin Maozhi, the poet of Longwan, has been separated from the old in Jiangguan. From now on, sleep on the reed quilt, and the lone crane will teach the white bird to bully him. " A white bird is a mosquito. How can the lone crane be bullied by the white bird? This year, Lin gudu was 81 years old and still strong.

Xiaoran Lane full of traffic

Lin Zhang, the father of Lin gudu, was a famous poet and dramatist in the late Ming Dynasty. In the first year of Wanli (1573), "in the spring and Autumn period, he was promoted to the countryside, tired but not in the first place". He was once an aide under Qi Jiguang's account, and later his family moved to Jinling. Because of his father, Lin gudu was able to communicate with Cao Xuequan, Zhong Xing, Tan Yuanchun, Qian Qianyi and other celebrities in Jinling. Influenced by his father Lin Zhang, Lin gudu liked to write poems when he was very young. His friend Qian Qianyi said in Lin Juren Zhang, the Ding collection of biographies of poems of the liechao Dynasty: "the two sons of Chu Wen, Jun Qian and Gu Du, can write poems. Gu Du and Yu Hao, who live in the middle of Jinling City, have no family but four walls. On the shelves are many remnant books written by Xie Gaoyu (AO) and Zheng suonan (Sixiao). They rub and play with them, and their tears are wet. They are also loyal to the early writings. " In his early years, Lin gudu wrote laoguxing, which was appreciated by Tu Long and became famous. At this time, his poems were elegant and graceful, and had the charm of the Six Dynasties. Later, Zhong Xing and Tan Yuanchun visited Jinling one after another, and Lin gudu fell in love with them. He went back to Dajiang, passed Yunmeng, and lived in Jingling for several months. His poems became Chu style. In 1630, young Huang Zongxi traveled to Nanjing and studied poetry writing from Lin gudu. "Lin gudu, a native of Fujian Province, lives in Nanjing, a desolate lane with a lot of traffic," he recalled in his "reminiscence of the past.". His ancestors have been tingzhang, more than a poem: pain Jun old hate still accumulate, and my new injustice that flat! When you read it, you will shed tears. " Huang zunsu, the father of Huang Zongxi, was a famous member of Donglin Party. He was framed by Wei Zhongxian and died in prison. No wonder he and Lin gudu are in the same boat. Lin gudu likes to help his friends carve books when his family is well off. In 1614, he engraved 33 volumes of his friend Zhong Xing's work yinxiuxuan collection in Nanjing. In 1618, he printed 30 volumes of Cao Xuequan's "notes of places of interest in Sichuan". In the preface of the book, Zhong Xing said: "Lin Maozhi, a poor scholar, is good at his book, and he can carve the white door." It can be seen that his life has been difficult. In 1640, Lin gudu cooperated with Wang Junsheng in Xin'an to engrave Zheng Sixiao's posthumous work history of the mind, which made the works of this adherent of the Song Dynasty widely spread. In the same year, Lin gudu also printed seven volumes of Bai Yun Ji by Putian poet Chen ang.

Shou Gao, de Gao, Wu Wu Wu, Si Guo

In 1644, Manchu people came to Beijing. After the war, most of Lin gudu's contemporaries died, leaving him to stand on his own and become the only surviving elder of the former dynasty. The scholar bureaucrats in the sea admired his name but fortunately he did not die. When they passed Nanjing, they would stop to visit him. Lin gudu's home was originally on the side of Hualin garden, with the beauty of pavilions and pavilions. After the death of Ming Dynasty, it became a garage and stable, so he had to move to the south of Zhenzhu bridge and the gate of the shabby alleys. Qian Qianyi, an old friend of his, recalled: "Gu Du and Yu Hao lived in the middle of Jinling City. They were destitute and had a lot of books left by Xie AO and Zheng suonan on the shelves. They were dancing and playing with tears." Gu Yanwu met him later. In 1661, he wrote a poem entitled "to give a gift to Lin Chushi gudu", which said at the beginning: "the old people respect him, but now he is cheap." Then he praised the old poet: "the rivers and mountains suddenly change color, and the plants wither. He was ordered to be alone, not to change his green posture. This year's eighty-one, small character Book New Poetry. The founder is not bad, and the wise is not bad. " He also said that his virtue is noble, worthy of being a teacher, and that he has a long life. there is no need for Lin gudu to be loyal to the previous dynasty. He had no fame, and had never received a salary from the Ming Dynasty. In spite of this, the Ming Dynasty still had a grudge against him for killing his father. But he wore a Wanli coin of his childhood all his life. Among the adherents, this money is very famous. At the age of 85, Wu Jiaji once wrote "a gift to Lin Maozhi from a bank of money", in which he said: "the land is full of fighting, the old people are poor, and they only save money at the bottom of the bag Who can drink wine on credit, a money first with people to see. The drinkers all shed tears when they saw it. They were the first to make money in Wanli. " In the same year, Wang Ji, an Anhui poet, presented a poem to Lin gudu when he saw him. Lin gudu was surprised: "strange, how do you know I have a Wanli coin?" He unfolded his left arm to show him that the coin was warm and lustrous, so he wrote another poem "a coin to Lin Maozhi", which said: "where is a piece of bronze? Twenty years of hospitality is the left arm. Lu Li is like five baht light, with clear strokes and Wanli characters. It's very sad to see the biography of the guests, and a wisp of it will be worn by you. " many of the adherents carefully preserved some of the relics of the former dynasty to express their thoughts of their homeland. Copper money is one of the most interesting objects. Qu Dajun, another well-known adherent poet, also kept a Yongli coin, tied with yellow silk, put it in the Yellow brocade bag, and wore it between the elbows and armpits from time to time. Qu Dajun knew Lin gudu's money. He said: "Mr. Lin Maozhi, marquis, has ten thousand li money, which has been attached to his arm for more than 50 years. Wu Yeren of Taizhou gave it as a gift for his fu" one money line ". You also have a coin. It's called "Yongli Tongbao". Its copper is red, its characters are small and its seal characters are very big. It's been one year since I was thirty years old. " The feeling of a native money is unknown to us.

Regret about the poems selected in the sword hanging agreement

As he grew older, Lin's reputation grew higher and higher. Fang Gongqian, a native of Tongcheng, said in his book "when I met Lin Mao, I was eighty-five years old." People respect him just as they respect Dingyi. It's old and strange. Fang Wen, another native of Tongcheng, humorously wrote about the poverty of the old man in his book "Lin Maozhi's predecessors met me": "when the snow is clear, the birds are drying their hair, and they go out of Lingao with their young girls. Don't blame your son for his thin clothes. 85 Weng is still wearing a robe. " His association with Wang Shizhen has always been praised. Lin gudu met Wang Shizhen's ancestors in Beijing. In 1662, when the young Wang Shizhen came to Yangzhou to be an official, although he had a famous poem, he was not very famous. Wang Shizhen was very respectful to the poet of his predecessors, and "personally wrote a staff to tie socks". He presented a collection of poems, and wrote a long song to Mr. Lin Maozhi, which said: "in January, when you are drowning, you are invited to take flute steps. The muddy sky is overcast, and spring is about to end. Mountain people suddenly come from Rushan. They visit Qingxi road. I love you. I sit in the cool Pavilion of your reign. I narrate today and yesterday Lin gudu also tried his best to help his old friend after he wrote the preface to the collection of entering Wu, and praised him: "Mr. Miao Nian was in high rank, and he was an official in politics, such as the emergence of a new type of sword, the spitting of fresh calyx of Qionghua, his elite strength, and Sen Xiucai." Lin gudu's praise has an inestimable influence on Wang Shizhen's popularity. It is no wonder that Wang Shizhen never forgot this kindness. In 1664, Lin gudu brought his poems written 60 years after 1604 to Yangzhou and asked Wang Shizhen to delete them. He said, "the things of a thousand years should be paid for today." Wang Shizhen went to Nanjing the next year. He was blind and left with tears. He died soon. Wang Shizhen recalled in his talk in chibei: in 1668, when he read Chen Ang's collection of white clouds, he thought: Mr. Chen used to be able to pass on Chen Baiyun, but I can't pass on Mr. Chen? As a result, he collected 150 or 60 poems, all of which were fresh and graceful, with the style of the Six Dynasties and the early Tang Dynasty. Shi Runzhang read it in Guangling and exclaimed: "the world hardly knows the face of this old boy. You are Maozhi's confidant." After Wang Shizhen compiled Lin gudu's poems, he was ready to publish them, but he was delayed by other things. It was not until 40 years later that Wang Shizhen himself was about to die. When he was sick, Cheng Zhe, a tuomen man, published a collection of poems for Lin gudu, and told him, "this is my 50 year sword hanging appointment, and it will be finished."

Chinese PinYin : Lin Gu Du