Yang fangcan

Yang fangcan

Yang fangcan (January 10, 1754 - January 19, 1816), a writer of the Qing Dynasty, was born in Jingui County, Changzhou Prefecture, Jiangsu Province (now Wuxi). In the 42nd year of Qianlong reign, Ding you (1777) paid tribute to Lingzhou Prefecture and changed it to wailang, a member of the household department.

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Yang fangcan (1754-1816) was born in Jingui, Jiangsu Province. He was born on December 18, the 18th year of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty and died on December 21, the 20th year of emperor Renzong Jiaqing. He was 63 years old. Peng Yuanrui was greatly different in his poems and essays. From Bagong to Tingshi, the county magistrate of Fuqiang County in Gansu Province was supplemented. To promote the knowledge of Lingzhou. The Minister of Huizhong's brother-in-law gave Gansu's political envoy the right to evade. He didn't care about foreign officials, and became a member of the household department, wailang. In my spare time, I read the books and read them. The mother was worried and poor. He was a lecturer in the three academies of quhang, Guanzhong and Jinjiang. Fangcanhao is a poem, which is based on Gongbu and Yuxi. It also has the beauty of Mengchuang and Zhushan, especially in parallel style. He has twelve volumes of yiliuzhai manuscript, fourteen volumes of furongshanguan poetry manuscript, and eight volumes of parallel prose, all of which are biographies of Qing history and are preserved in the world.

Life of the characters

childhood

Yang fangcan's mother had a dream that the birds of five colors were born in a courtyard tree. As soon as he can speak, he will recite Tang poetry and become a child prodigy. His father died when he was 5 years old. When he was 6 years old, he was seriously ill and suddenly became stupid. He had to read books 50 or 60 times to memorize them. At the age of 11, Wensi recovered and was able to write again. In 1766, he failed to take the exam. When no one was optimistic about it, he got the first place in the county examination in the 36th year of Qianlong period (Gu cube won the first place in Wuxi County), and "his poems and prose made Peng Yuanrui very different", which made the villagers look at him with new eyes.

A year's test

In the summer of 1772, Yang fangcan went to the Changzhou examination hall of Jiangyin county to take part in the year-old examination. He ranked first in ancient studies and articles. The second examination of ancient learning, the article for learning, makes Peng Wenqin praise. In the autumn of the 38th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong, he took part in the Chengjiang (Jiangyin county) scientific examination in Changzhou Prefecture, and won the first place in ancient learning, classics interpretation, and contemporary literature. In the spring of the next year, he went to Chengjiang (Jiangyin county) for a scientific examination, and ranked first in paleology, classics and literature. In May of the 39th year of Qianlong, Yang fangcan went to Nanjing. The famous Suiyuan (Yuan Mei's family) opened the door to him. He lived in Yuan Mei's family for a period of time.

Become an official

In the 43rd year of Emperor Qianlong's reign, Yang fangcan went to Beijing for the imperial examination, ranking first and third. From then on, he entered the official career. As an official, Yang fangcan has a hobby. Every time he goes to an official place, he will try to repair the relics of ancient sages. Yang fangcan rebuilt the tomb and ancestral hall of Jiang Wei in Fuqiang County, Gansu Province, and the thatched cottage of Du Fu in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. When the thatched cottage of Du Fu was rebuilt, the shrine of Du Fu was set in the middle of the layout of the thatched cottage, and the shrines of Song Dynasty poets Lu You and Huang Tingjian were set on both sides of the East and West. As a sacrificial pattern, it was decided by Yang fangcan. The main reason for Yang fangcan to do so is that Lu You and Du Fu "share the same feelings", that is, Lu You and Du Fu share the same patriotic thoughts and feelings. Lu You highly praised Du Fu in his poetry creation, made outstanding achievements in learning from Du Fu, formed Jiannan poetry school, and wrote many excellent realistic poems about patriotism and concern for the people. Both Du and Lu once lived in Shu, "going to Shu but not forgetting Shu". Huang Tingjian's patriotic thoughts and feelings were consistent with those of Du Fu. He was also the leader of Jiangxi poetry school who lived in Shu. This pattern of sacrifice has been fixed since then and will continue to be practiced.

education

Yang fangcan was born in Xiatang, xinggaoli north gate, Tianshu Township, Wuxi County on December 18, the 18th year of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty. He is the nephew of Yang chaoguan, a famous writer in the history of traditional Chinese opera. His younger brother, Lichang and mengshang, are famous for their poems and essays. Rongshang is particularly prominent. He is good at poetry and parallel prose. Yuan Mei, a famous litterateur, said of the poets at that time: "Changzhou stars gather in Wenchang, Hong (Liangji), Gu (cubic), sun (Xingyan) and yang are good at each." For his poems, the evaluation of contemporaries is: "go in and out of Yishan (Li Shangyin) and changgu (Li He) and form their own style." "Jinbi pool, dazzle people's mind." It is not only "brilliant police talent" and "carved jade with gold carving", but also "the cool and clear place is especially in the room of Wang (Wei) and Meng (Haoran)". But some people accused him of treating "less bone and more flesh". For his parallel Li prose, we can "cover Xu (Ling) Geng (Xin)". His works in his whole life include zhenshuzhai manuscript, furongshanguan poetry manuscript, parallel prose, jiwaiji, and Yiwen.

When Yang fangcan was a child, his father thought he was talented and could become a talent in the future. When he was able to babble, he chose poems from the Tang Dynasty and wrote them into a bowl of Yu, which was pasted on the wall of the library to teach him to read sooner or later. In his father's collection of essays in the hall of existence, there is such a poem: "play is all poetry, words are all over the wall" is the description of the scene at that time. A year later, his father compiled four character Rhymes for famous figures and events in Zizhitongjian and the 21st history to teach him to read aloud. Another year later. His father taught him to read the "four books" (the great learning, the doctrine of the mean, the Analects of Confucius and Mencius). After his father's strict and orderly education, by the time he was four years old, he had been able to recite more than 800 Tang poems. He could recite some famous works, such as Sanli, Sanbie, Pipa Xing, changhen Ge, etc. His later achievements in writing are inseparable from the solid foundation he has laid in his strict training as a child.

When Yang fangcan was five years old, his father died of illness. Entrust his education to his uncle. But he was frail and ill. At the age of six, he developed a rash and was on the verge of death many times. After recovery, the body is so weak that the feet can't walk on the ground. In addition to the rhymes and Tang poetry, other classics have been completely forgotten. His uncle had to teach him from the beginning, but every day only five or six lines, and had to read 50 or 60 times to recite. His uncle was a little disappointed and said that a disease had changed him. Since the death of Yang fangcan's father, his family has gradually declined. The whole family is supported by his uncle's private school salary. Later, when his uncle went out to be an official, he was raised and educated by his grandmother. When he was 11 years old, he studied poetry with his uncle. At first, he learned to write modern style poetry, and then he wrote songs, which has reached three or four words. This summer, his uncle took him to Yang Qinghua, the elder of the Yang family. It's the lotus in full bloom in the pool, and you can see the shrimp floating in the water. Yang Qinghua made a proposition on the spot and asked him to write "Ode to shrimp at night", which was highly appreciated. This essay was written in his childhood and later included in his anthology. In the second year, he began to learn to write essays and prepare for the imperial examination. However, in the thirty first year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong, when "the examination of learning should be mentioned", it was not sold and returned. At that time, the imperial examination was the only way out for scholars. Yang fangcan had to "Dumen Jiyue" to attack Juzi's career, so that he was ridiculed as "expert fool".

Take the exam

Rural examination

In the 36th year of Emperor Qianlong's reign, Yang fangcan and Gu cube took the first place in Wuxi and Jingui. In the autumn of the same year, Jiangning rural examination was held. The examiner Peng Wenqin thought that "the first art is not perfect", and he failed. This year, Yang chaoguan transported Chuanmu to Beijing and passed through Nanjing. He introduced Yang fangcan to Yuan Mei and asked him to take his poems to see Yuan Mei. Yuan read Yang fangcan's poems and appreciated them very much. From then on, Yang became a disciple of Yuan Mei. Yang Zuoshi liked to learn from Sanxie (Xie Lingyun, Xie Huilian, Xie Tiao) and Li Bai, and he could not help imitating them at first. Yuan Fang warned him: "in the past, Wang Lang wanted to learn from Huaziyu, but it seemed too much, so the farther he went. When we read, we should be in harmony with the ancients, and when we write, we should be apart from the ancients. ". Yuan Mei is good at summing up her own creative experience and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. This is of great help to Yang fangcan's later literary achievements.

A year's test

Since the 37th year of Qianlong (1772), Yang fangcan had been employed by the Liu family of the same county to sit in his house for about four years. In the meantime, he took two exams. First, in the summer of 1772, Chengjiang (Jiangyin) took the first place in both ancient studies and articles. The second examination of ancient studies made Peng Wenqin admire the articles.

Scientific examination

Therefore, in the autumn of 1773, the imperial examination of Chengjiang was held, and the ancient learning, classics interpretation and contemporary prose all ranked first. In the past two years, he made an appointment with Huang Zhongze and Hong Liangji. Huang is a famous poet. Hong is a famous poet and geographer. Huang, Yang and Hong were engaged, which was a good story in the literary world at that time. The next spring, I went to Chengjiang for a test. Ancient learning, classics interpretation and literature all ranked first. In May, I went to Nanjing and stayed at Yuan Mei's home, waiting for the autumn test, but I failed.

Court trial

In the 43rd year of Emperor Qianlong's reign, Yang fangcan went to Beijing for the imperial examination. He left on the 16th of the first month of the year and arrived in early March. In May, take part in the audition. Ranked first and third. According to the system at that time, those who were selected as first or second-class students could be employed by county magistrate or teaching post after being selected by the emperor. At that time, there was a new rule that the seven grade Xiaojing palace could draw lots at the Ministry of officials. Yang fangcan's fellow townsmen in Beijing have different opinions on the choice of county magistrate and teaching post. Some people think it's better to choose a teaching post, while others think it's better to choose a county magistrate. He accepted the selection of senior officials and was sent to northwest Gansu. This was a significant turning point in Yang fangcan's life, and he entered the official career from then on. He has been a local palace in the Northwest for more than 20 years. In the first month of the next year, he left for Gansu. It arrived in Guanzhong in February. With poetry as a guide, he got to know the governor of Shaanxi, and had a poetry and wine meeting with Yan Changming, a literati.

An uprising broke out

The 46th year of Qianlong (1781). In Xunhua, Gansu Province (now belongs to Qinghai Province)

Chinese PinYin : Yang Fang Can