Yang Suyun

Yang Suyun

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From 1623 to 1689, he was born in Yijun, Shaanxi Province. Shunzhi nine years (AD 1652) Jinshi, except Zhili Dongming county magistrate. When he was granted the imperial censor, he was bold and straightforward, and he had ten chapters before and after, all of which were in the middle of the disease. After that, Wu Sangui was impeached by Shu, and returned home in a down tone. He stayed in the door for ten years. Later, he returned to Hubei as governor. He was dismissed from his post and died at home. Su Yun wrote a collection of poems and essays about jianshanlou, a strategy of Fuwan, a strategy of Fuchu, a strategy of Gucheng water transportation, a memorial to Xitai, a memorial to Jingzhao, etc., all of which were handed down to the world.

brief introduction

Yang Suyun was born in 1629, the second year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty, and died in October 1689, the 28th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty. The ancestors were officials for several generations, but they were not prominent, but they attached great importance to the festival. Grandfather Yang Guojun official Sanshui Jiaoyu, after his death, sacrifice Xiangxian temple. Yang Suyun lost his mother when he was young and grew up, and his father was sick. He "took medicine in his own hands and didn't know how to wear clothes." for three years, he served in front of his bed, and was praised as filial piety in the countryside.

Jinshi

In the ninth year of Shunzhi (1653), at the age of 23, Yang Suyun passed the imperial examination and began his official career. The next year, the official Zhili Dongming county magistrate. In the south of Dongming Dynasty, it was near the Yellow River. As the Yellow River was just over, the city walls were destroyed, the houses and houses collapsed, and the people were killed and injured. Only dozens of Li families were left. Yang Suyun called for exile and provided relief to the victims. The Japanese government wrote "asking for help from the people, but the emperor is too busy to give it.".

② Three years later, more than ten thousand households resumed their business, and the people were in poverty. Soon after, thousands of peasant uprising troops led by Ren Fengting and Wang Xiaowang gathered in Shandong and spread to the Dongming area in the south of Zhili. Yang Suyun inherited the intention of governor Li Zuyin, and induced the peasant army to gain money and wealth, so he disintegrated and was pacified. Later, in view of the poverty and lack of education in Dongming Dynasty, Yang Suyun changed the county primary school into a county university and increased the enrollment.

Kochen

In February of 1659, the imperial edict ordered the Ministry of officials to select officials. In June of the next year, Yang Suyun made outstanding achievements in his administration. After two preliminary elections, he was appointed as the censor of Sichuan Province. At that time, although the Qing Dynasty had established its capital in Beijing for more than ten years, it had been fighting for a long time, and the various systems were not perfect and there were no certain rules. In July, Yang Suyun, who has just been appointed as a royal censor, listed the disadvantages of "ruling the country", "eliminating theft" and "school" in his capacity as a minister of science. Please put forward some long-term strategies. In his opinion, in order to build a foundation for all generations, the Qing Dynasty must "draw up plans (early) and lay them down as ordinances". Only in this way can the later generations be "blessed with inheritance".

3. In view of the fact that all officials neglect their duties and refuse to strive for actual achievements, he said, "it's better for officials to speak for themselves. However, all the patients in the world today care about more discussion and less success. The Chinese and foreign officials and workers, who are loath to settle down, are lazy to play and become accustomed to it. Although they have been repeatedly admonished by the heavenly language, they always regard it as empty words on the paper, but there is no real trace of their efforts. " Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the strict imperial edict again, so that the internal and external ministers and workers can be trained in different professions Everyone in the 100 positions of the general secretary worked hard to break the old habit of shirking responsibility. "The chief impeachor's duty is to advance the virtuous and retire the unworthy; the fundraiser's priority is to support the army and enrich the people's food; the fiend's duty is to make the town general domineering and pacify the bandits and robbers; the prison administrator's duty is to let the evil escape from the net and avoid the injustice of the good, so there is nothing else to do in the world. I hope that the emperor will be more sincere in his defense of things, and that he will spare no time and be lenient in his work, so that everyone will be able to show his talents. This is the most important way to realize the source of the truth. ④ Yang Suyun takes speech as his duty. If he has any opinions, he should speak frankly.

In August, he asked for the correction of all kinds of disasters in the south of the capital, but: "it's better to mediate if the post delivery is too tired"; "it's better to change the rules if the damage is natural"; "it's better to exempt if the stone field is abandoned.". ⑤ In September, he also asked Zhili counties to reform the bad rules of "sales calculation" and put an end to the bribery of those who are greedy for ink and ink. Within a few months, "ten chapters on the front and back articles all hit the mark."

In the same year, in order to consolidate its rule over the whole country, the rulers of the Qing Dynasty wanted to help "screen the Zhou Dynasty with vassals". They ordered Wu Sangui, the king of Pingxi, Shang Kexi, the king of Pingnan, and Geng Jimao, the king of Jingnan, to divide Yunnan, Guangdong, and Fujian into three vassals. Among them, Wu Sangui, the king of Pingxi, was particularly powerful. He not only took charge of Yunnan and Guizhou, controlled the governor, but also had the privilege of granting officials, which was called "Western election", and "Western elected officials are all over the world". ⑦ It is obvious to all the officials, but they are afraid of their power. In November, when Yang Suyun read the official newspaper, he found that Wu Sangui had made up for Yunnan's various doctrines with ten people, including Hu Yun, who had been on the Hunan Road. The people he mentioned were Feng Chai and bu Cao. That is to say, Wu Sangui was elected by the west to impeach those who violated the system. Shuyan: "the power of the country lies in the employment of the husband. Only the winner of the imperial court has not been easy since ancient times. " "I have never heard of any place where other provinces do not interfere with each other; and I have seen that any official in the capital is openly absent from the title, such as the one who is now in charge of the vassal. And the fan Shu said that it was not only for the poor of the horse in Yunnan Province, but also for the fear of being slow in the distance. If the capital, Shandong, Jiangnan and other places are thousands of miles away from the south of Yunnan, I don't know where the so-called far is. " He said: "if you can choose the officials of the whole world, regardless of the inside and outside, regardless of the distance, how can you return the power to the Ministry of officials and give them as usual. That is to say, the new classics of Yunnan and Guizhou were opened up, and there was no one to take care of them. The officials were well-known to the vassal, so they should first set up a title, submit the order to Yu Yun, and then ask the Ministry of officials to fill in the vacancy. It's just the same as Quan Cao, which despises the famous utensils and desecrates the national style Yang Suyun pointed out that Wu Sangui's "Western election" had deviated from the track of centralization politics in the Qing Dynasty. First of all, the officials were far away from the capital and other places, which violated the regulation that "the emperor is so fake and cheap, but he wants to make up for it nearby, and there is no wrong place". Instead of "first with the title, Fengzhi Yu Yun, and then the Ministry of officials according to the lack of signature to fill", which is against the feudal state system. Therefore, Yang Suyun's words are quite incisive: "in ancient times, the division of loyalty and evil did not start from the reverence of one thought. We should know the general situation when we have been working hard for a long time. That is to say, for the sake of frontiers, we may not have a deep heart, but we should be cautious in taking precautions. He asked the vassal to make an effort to make progress, and then he added his will to the imperial court. If all the power and power should be given to the imperial court, then the monarch and his officials will have a good friendship. " ⑧ On the other hand, some officials were shocked by the fact that they didn't dare to play their chapters. Yueyue, Emperor Shunzhi's imperial edict. However, before the result is achieved, the matter will not be settled even if the emperor dies. In the near future, the Ministry of officials still had ten officials, such as zuosheng Buhu Yun, who were responsible for Yunnan's various roads.

People's achievements

Bring down San Francisco

Yang Suyun turns to Chuanbei road. When Wu Sangui pursued Zhu Youlang, the Yongli emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty, he triumphantly returned from Myanmar. He saw Yang Suyun's performance and deeply praised him for his words of "Shangshu slander, its meaning implied, and its language concealed crisis". He especially avoided his words of "guard against the weak". ⑨ The imperial court ordered Yang Suyun to play back. In November of that year (the 18th year of Shunzhi), Yang Suyun was ordered to play again, saying: "when I was a minister and a censor, I saw Wu Sangui's title as a supplementary official. No matter how far or near he was from home or abroad, he would sit without a fixed title, which was harmful to the national system. As for the words "guard against the invasion" and "Du Jian", which originally belonged to the general theory, the general meaning of ancient and modern times did not refer to the vassal. I don't know my face with the vassal, so what's the difference between them, but I have to say it according to reason. I don't have any different opinions. "What I said is still high but not low. Tong Fengcai, governor of Sichuan Province, saw that he was too straightforward and forced him to change his second language. However, at the time when Wu Sangui had just made great contributions to the death of the Ming Dynasty for the people of the Qing Dynasty, any criticism was tantamount to beating a stone with an egg. The Ministry of justice lowered the tone with Yang Su's skillful decoration, and soon he was dismissed from his post and returned to Li.

In 1673, Wu Sangui rebelled, and Yang Suyun finally became known as a prophet. In March of the next year, Hao weine and Ji Ruxi, the ministers of the Shang Dynasty, were recommended by Yang Yongning. Hao weine was praised as more upright and upright than others. The imperial edict was issued to the Huguang army. At the time of his father's death, Ding you was ordered to go to his post after serving him. He was now in charge of military affairs.

In 1678, the Qing army attacked Yang Laijia and Hong Fu, the rebel generals in Hubei Province. In February, the governor of Huguang, Cai Yurong, asked Yang Suyun to handle military supplies. Shuyan said: "the soldiers fought against the traitors Yang Laijia and Hong Fu. Xiangyang was the most important place in the world. They all depended on the governor's leadership to provide military supplies and meet the troops. Huang Long, who is now in the south of Jingzhou, is not talented enough. He should lower the tone. He must be smart and strong as Su Yun before he can be competent. " Therefore, Yang Suyun was transferred to the lower Jingnan road. At that time, Xiangyang, Fangxian and Baokang were the places where the Qing army had to go to transfer their pay. Fangxian and Baokang were especially steep and narrow, with no traffic. Every year, they had to transfer Dingfu from Anlu, De'an and Xiangyang to take care of them. In summer, they didn't avoid the waterfall, in winter, they didn't take shelter from the rain, and the snow road was slippery. The dead met each other, the people were very tired, and the military pay was often not continued. After Yang Suyun was appointed, he paid a careful visit and found out that there were streams in each city, which could be transported by boats. So he personally walked in the valley of the river, cutting thorns and digging stones, digging up land for dozens of miles, transporting ships and roads, and died in "three prefectures of the province, Dingfu 19, and the army prospered.". He has not lost the reputation of being smart and capable.

The study of Neo Confucianism

In 1682, the war to pacify San Francisco was over, and Yang Suyun moved to Shanxi to study Taoism. He tried to correct his style and advocated Neo Confucianism. In 1685, he was promoted to the capital hall and was consulted by the Minister of General Administration; in the 14th, he was transferred to the posts of the Prime Minister of Tianfu and the official of shuntianfu.

In 1687, Yang Suyun was appointed governor of Anhui Province and began to be a senior official. At the age of 20, when Anhui Province was hit by the disaster and the people were hungry, he immediately asked for relief, but the hungry people appeared one after another.

Chinese PinYin : Yang Su Yun