Li Ying

Li Ying

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Li Ying

(808-873) Zixuan, Xizhen, Han nationality, from Yantang county (now Xiaguan village, Wanjing Town, Ningyuan county), is the first champion of Huguang. In 828, Li Ying was recommended to Chang'an. In the imperial examination, he wrote guanminfengfu and qiuyoushi, which were clear-cut in terms and gentle in meaning, and could express praise and criticism in the peace of Qing Dynasty, and explain loyalty and righteousness in the expression of CI Qi. The examiners recommended each other, Wenzong interviewed, promoted to the first place. He was expelled from Beijing because he offended eunuchs. In the fourth year of Dahe (830), he was promoted to governor of Hezhou. He urged local governments to pay attention to ethics and encourage farmers to develop production. After seven years of governance, Hezhou's local politics was clear and bright, and people lived and worked in peace and contentment. Therefore, he won the respect of his colleagues and the love of the people. He was honored as "Li Hezhou", an official to official Minister of ministry.

Li Ying's literary style is elegant, and his youth is successful. When he was about 28 years old, he invented "leaf drama". "Taiping Guangji" quoted from "xiandinglu" records: "Li Ying in the Tang Dynasty was the governor of Hezhou, and he traveled with Ye Menglian, a prostitute, on the river. Because he wrote a selection of remains, he called it ye ye Xi." "Ye Ye Xi" created by Li Ying is the rudiment of mahjong. Later generations are called the originator of mahjong. In his later years, he retired and returned to his hometown. He wrote a lot of poems describing the beautiful scenery of Jiuyi mountain. He wrote dice Caixuan Ge and Li Hezhou Ji. There are many poems such as crossing Jiuyi mountain, thinking of Jiuyi in Hezhou and Yongshun Temple Gushan. They are noble and elegant, just like his people.

Life of the characters

Young people are diligent and eager to learn

In 808, Li Ying was born in Xiaguan village, Yantang county (now Ningyuan, Hunan Province). Li daobian, his 16th ancestor, was a general of Dangkou in the Southern Qi Dynasty. His grandfather Li Zhouyan and his father Li Taiyuan were successively appointed as the writers of Daozhou. The three generations of the Li family prospered their families with Confucianism. They all conferred Lang's position and Zhengyi's official position. They were upright and honest. Li Ying lived at the foot of Jiuyi mountain. He was also a scholarly family. Influenced by Shun culture since he was a child, he had a simple heroic view of advocating integrity, being courteous, thrifty and modest. Under the guidance of his grandfather and father, he read extensively, was proficient in classics and history, and was good at poetry. Shu Shu Yan is a place where Li Ying, the number one scholar in Tang Dynasty, studied hard when he was young. At that time, there were many shrubs and weeds outside the cave, and there were bats, stone swallows, and small hemp snakes in the cave. Li Ying turned a blind eye to them, and concentrated on reading "Zi Yue" and "the way of University, in Ming Ming De", and took Da Xue, the golden mean, the Analects of Confucius, Mencius, the book of songs, the book of changes, Shangshu, and the book of rites as examples 》The four books and five classics of the spring and Autumn Annals are well memorized. After reading, I listened to my grandfather's stories about "Emperor Shun's Zen position as Dayu", "Emperor Shun's" diligent in civil affairs, painstakingly worried about people "and" just for the common people, not for the body " From then on.

Young people are full of talent and are promoted to number one

In his youth, Li Ying was rich in learning and rich in economy. In 828, Li Ying was recommended to Chang'an. In the imperial examination, he wrote guanminfengfu and qiuyoushi, with the purpose of "detailed and detailed articles, gentle and elegant Ci, which can only contain praise and criticism in the peace of Qing Dynasty, and expound loyalty and righteousness in the expression of CI Qi, so as to make the officials accept them, and the group small awe them. With thousands of words, there is a great possibility of being the capital of Changsha and Dongjiang. After the interview, Wenzong was promoted to be the first Jinshi. "

Shangshu gives way to the second Liu Ben, a noble spirit

Liu Ben, the examinee of the same subject as Li Ying, was right on the spot because he came directly to the eunuch. Although the examiners admired him, they were afraid of the influence of the eunuch and did not dare to admit him. Li Ying was indignant and said, "Liu Ben is not the first generation to be admitted to the imperial examination, so he has no shame." regardless of his personal gains and losses, he went to shuwenzong and asked the imperial court to take back the title granted to him and grant him Liu Ben instead. The examiner still did not dare to report it after he received it, so his suggestion was not adopted. Among the 32 people who got the examination, the others were all granted the imperial examinations. Three of them became prime ministers later. Li Ying, the only one, offended the eunuch and was expelled from the capital because he was not in charge of the imperial examinations.

In his later years, he resigned and returned to his hometown

At the beginning, he was awarded the title of "joining the army in Henan Province" and was promoted to governor of Hezhou in the fourth year of Dahe (830). In the seventh year of Dahe (833), feiyubao was granted the rank of general of dragon and tiger for his meritorious service in suppressing the uprising of ethnic minorities. In the second year of Kaicheng (837), he was promoted to general secretary, assistant secretary, and later to minister of the Ministry of officials. In his later years, he retired to his hometown and wrote many poems describing the beautiful scenery of Jiuyi. Li Ying was versatile and invented the leaf opera. The main works are dice caixuange and Li Hezhou collection.

Main achievements

On the official side, make every effort to govern

When Li Ying was appointed governor of Hezhou, he observed the people's situation, cared for the people, accumulated virtue and did good deeds for the lower class, and did things by himself. Sometimes he walked on the path in the field, sometimes he crossed the forest in the Laoling mountains, sometimes he appeared in the field, sometimes he appeared in the village farm. While patiently persuading farmers to reclaim wasteland, plant hemp, mulberry, rice and sorghum, at the same time persuading and urging the common people to pay attention to ethics. After returning to Hezhou, Li Ying immediately allocated public grain to provide relief to the poor who could not make ends meet. Then, the virtuous officials with good reputation and clean government were commended and compassionate, and the officials and villains who oppressed the people and harmed the society were punished. After seven years of governance, Hezhou's local politics are clear and bright, and the people live and work in peace and contentment.

Invented ye ye Xi and wrote "dice Cai Xuan Ge"

"Taiping Guangji" quoted from "xiandinglu" records: "Li Ying in the Tang Dynasty was the governor of Hezhou, and he traveled with Ye Menglian, a prostitute, on the river. Because he wrote a selection of remains, he was called Ye Ye Xi. "Li Ying is the inventor and stylist of Ye Ye opera in Tang Dynasty. He wrote" dice Cai Xuan Ge ". Mahjong evolved from ye opera. Therefore, Li Ying is the real ancestor of mahjong and poker.

Five provinces of Huguang

Li Ying was the first number one scholar in the history of Huguang five provinces in the period of imperial examination system, and also the only number one scholar in Hunan in Tang Dynasty——

The number one scholar in Kaixiang.

Li Ying was not troubled by fame and wealth, but was concerned about his country and the people, which was the nourishment of Emperor Shun's benevolence and morality. Li Ying's behavior of "giving way to the emperor" is a perfect display of Emperor Shun's behavior of "giving way to the emperor". Li Ying's spirit, spirit and spirit show that the students in Hunan must publicize the righteousness of serving the country and the elders.

Ideological theory

Li Ying, who lived at the foot of Jiuyi mountain where Emperor Shun was buried, had many opportunities to listen to the story of Emperor Shun's Zen position as Dayu and "diligent in civil affairs, painstakingly worried about people, just for the sake of the common people but not for the body" repeatedly. He lived in the atmosphere of Shun culture since childhood and was born in a scholarly family. He received good ideological education.

Shang Shu rang di

Li Ying's thought of abdication was formed from childhood, and the spirit of Emperor Shun's abdication as Dayu's "public world" was always purifying his mind. Just like Shangshu's abdication, his thought of abdication is an interpretation of the complete beauty of Emperor Shun's abdication spirit.

Care for the world

Born in a scholarly family, he was influenced and upright, and his values of caring for the people were formed from childhood. As an official, he did not seek official positions, but only for the welfare of the people in the world. He recommended talents and made great efforts to govern. He urged all localities to pay attention to ethics and encouraged farmers to develop production. After seven years of governance, Hezhou's local politics were clear and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment. Li Ying's thought of caring for the common people in the world is also influenced by Shun culture. His thought of "being diligent in civil affairs, worrying about people, not for the common people, not for the body" is the inheritance of Emperor Shun's people-oriented thought.

Anecdotes of characters

Li Ying likes reading since she was a child. In Xiaguan village, Li Ying is often invited to play. Li Ying, who is getting older, secretly goes to a hidden cave in the back mountain to study in order not to be disturbed. This cave is the later reading rock.

Family background

ancestors

He was born in Didao, Gansu Province. His great grandfather was Li Feilong. He was a doctor in Hengzhou during the reign of emperor Dali of Tang Dynasty (766-779). Grandfather: Li zhouting, Daozhou literature. father: Li Taiyuan, Daozhou literature.

wife

Yang and he

son

Shouyuan, shouxuan, Shouzhao, Shouhong.

Character review

Li Ying was the first number one scholar in the history of Huguang five provinces during the period of imperial examination system. He was not troubled by fame and wealth. He was concerned about the country and the people. This is the interpretation of Emperor Shun '. His behavior of "giving way to the emperor" is a perfect display of Emperor Shun's behavior of "giving way to the emperor".

Commemoration of later generations

Zhuangyuan building is located in Xiaguan village, Wanjing Town, Ningyuan County, adjacent to Lingjiang River in the West. It has been repaired several times in yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The building was built to commemorate the birthday of emperor Wenzong of Tang Dynasty and Li Ying, the number one scholar. The building is 10 meters high, 8 meters wide and 9 meters long, with 12 wooden columns and beams. It is a cultural relic protection unit in Yongzhou City.

Chinese PinYin : Li Xia