Li Hao
Li Hao
Li Hao, male, Han nationality, was born in December 1926 in Dianbai, Guangdong Province. He studied in Gaozhou middle school in high school, and later graduated from Sun Yat sen University. He joined the revolution in October 1947 and the Communist Party of China in February 1949. He has successively served as Deputy Secretary General of the State Council, vice governor of Guangdong Province, mayor of Shenzhen City, Secretary of Shenzhen Municipal Party committee, and deputy director of Finance and Economic Commission of the National People's Congress.
Personal experience
He joined the revolution in October 1947.
Since 1953, he has worked in the State Economic Commission, the Planning Commission, the Construction Commission and other units. He once served as deputy director of the office of the State Council's industry and transportation group, director of the Policy Research Office of the State Construction Commission, full-time member of the state import and Export Administration Commission and the State Foreign Investment Administration Commission, director of the Policy Research Office of the Ministry of foreign economic relations and trade, and Secretary General of the State Economic Commission.
After 1983, he served as Deputy Secretary General of the State Council and Deputy Secretary of the Party group of the State Council.
In August 1985, he was vice governor of Guangdong Province and mayor of Shenzhen,
May 1986, Secretary of Shenzhen Municipal Party committee and mayor of Shenzhen.
In March 1993, he was a member of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress of the Communist Party of China and vice chairman of the finance and Economics Commission.
In December 2005, he set up the Economic Research Association of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone as its president.
Working experience
Li Hao (December 1926 -), born in Dianbai County, Maoming City, Guangdong Province in December 1926, graduated from Sun Yat sen University and was a member of the Communist Party of China. He studied in Gaozhou middle school in high school, graduated from Sun Yat sen University, joined the revolution in October 1947 and joined the Communist Party of China in February 1949. He once served as the instructor of guibian column battalion. After the founding of the people's Government of Dianbai County, he served successively as section chief of the people's Government of Dianbai County, deputy director of the office of the State Construction Commission, deputy director of the office of the State Council's industry and Communications Group, director and Deputy Secretary General of the Research Office of the State Construction Commission, Deputy Secretary General of the state import and Export Commission, member and Secretary General of the State Economic Commission, Deputy Secretary General of the State Council, vice governor of Guangdong Province and vice governor of Shenzhen city Mayor, Secretary of the CPC Shenzhen Municipal Committee, mayor of Shenzhen, member of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress of the CPC and vice chairman of the finance and Economics Commission. Deputies to the thirteenth and Fourteenth National Congresses of the Communist Party of China, and deputies to the seventh and Eighth National People's congresses.
Li Hao is a representative of the government officials who are determined to reform from the 1980s to the 1990s. Li Hao, who was transferred to Shenzhen from the Deputy Secretary General of the State Council in 1985, is the longest serving Secretary of the municipal Party committee in the history of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. In the 1980s, he promoted further ideological emancipation and reform of the SAR. In the relevant evaluation of China's 30 years of reform and opening up, which lasted more than half a year and was announced on November 30, he was elected the highest award - "30 outstanding figures of China's 30 years of reform and opening up", and "30 social figures of China's 30 years of reform and opening up". In August 2007, he was awarded as an outstanding contributor to the promotion of China's securities market.
His reform consciousness and administrative wisdom have made Shenzhen a "special zone" all the time, which has taken on the dual functions of reform pilot and open window.
During his tenure as mayor and Secretary of Shenzhen Municipal Party committee, Li Hao vigorously promoted the establishment of Shenzhen Stock Exchange. At present, he is a senior consultant of Shenzhen municipal government. In 2005, he set up the Economic Research Association of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. He once accompanied Comrade Deng Xiaoping on his southern tour in 1992.
Important events
Ten stock market reforms in China's capital market in the past 20 years
After serving as secretary of the Shenzhen Municipal Party committee, he pushed for reform and opening up in Shenzhen. During his term of office, Shenzhen established the first foreign exchange adjustment center in China. In 1985, it promulgated the "Interim Provisions on the pilot of state owned enterprises shareholding", and established China Merchants Bank and Shenzhen Development Bank. Li Hao also won the most important resource for the special economic zone - the legislative power of the special economic zone.
In 1986, the Shenzhen municipal government formulated the Interim Provisions for the pilot of the joint stock system of state owned enterprises in the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. According to the provisions, some enterprises reformed the joint stock system, and some even issued shares to the public. On April 1, 1988, the stock of Shenzhen Development Bank began to trade over the counter for the first time. At this time, exploring the establishment of a capital market, especially the establishment of a centralized stock trading market, has historically been placed in front of Shenzhen policy makers.
On July 22, 1987, Shenzhen investment management company was established. The company is a specialized agency for the management of municipal state-owned assets, a holding company of municipal state-owned enterprises, with legal personality. This is a bold attempt to reform the management mode of municipal state-owned assets and implement the separation of government and enterprise.
On September 27, 1987, Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Securities Company, the first securities company, was established.
On December 29, 1987, Shenzhen Development Bank, the first joint-stock commercial bank in China, was opened.
On April 11, 1988, Shenzhen development common stock was listed and traded.
On December 1, 1990, Shenzhen Stock Exchange was established.
On October 31, 1991, the first B-share Shenzhen Nanbo B was publicly offered. This is the first time that Chinese joint-stock enterprises have issued B shares.
A reformer, a man of understanding
Adjustment is only the prelude to reform, and reform is the bigger battle. Only by breaking through institutional barriers and promoting institutional innovation can we get out of the vicious circle of "deregulation disorder collection".
Planning or market regulation? There was a lot of controversy. Shenzhen's reform experiment is to test whether market economy and socialism are "compatible". In an interview with Shanghai Wen Wei Po, Li Hao pointed out that Shenzhen's reform should be promoted in the direction of "playing basketball according to international rules". "Playing basketball according to international rules" intentionally avoids the argument of "she" and "Zi". It is an important feature of Shenzhen's reform that we should not only refer to international practice, but also embark on our own new road from reality.
Li Hao directed a series of magnificent reform dramas. He said that Shenzhen's reform did not have a complete set of plans at the beginning, but had to solve problems encountered in practice, and the reform was forced out. Some problems have been solved, which can pave the way for future reform. First easy then difficult, step by step, from a single soldier into a comprehensive support. Shenzhen has ushered in the most intensive golden period of reform.
The most effective reform is the establishment of foreign exchange adjustment market. Shortly after taking office, Li Hao encountered the famous "special foreign exchange case". Shenzhen tefa company participated in the "scalping" of foreign exchange, and was investigated by a special team sent by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. The special team is going to arrest the general manager and a deputy general manager of the company. After understanding the course of the case, Li Hao believed that Shenzhen was preparing for the foreign exchange adjustment reform, that the special development company was doing reasonable and illegal, that the foreign exchange was only adjusted within its own enterprise, and that individuals did not make profits from it, so they should not be arrested. "Special foreign exchange case" shocked Li Hao greatly: the same thing, put in different policy and legal environment, there will be different interpretations, there will be different outcomes. Shenzhen Special Economic Zone is facing many new situations and new problems. If new "rules of the game" are not established, all kinds of work will be like binding hands and feet and unable to be carried out. If we do not reform the foreign exchange system, problems such as "reverse foreign exchange" will still occur; if we do not establish a foreign exchange market, developing an export-oriented economy is empty talk. After Li Hao took office, he presided over the first mayor's office meeting and proposed the establishment of four institutions, including the foreign exchange adjustment center.
The reform of land use system, which is known as the most resistant reform, broke the ice in Shenzhen. On December 1, 1987, Shenzhen hall was full of seats, and an unprecedented land auction attracted the attention of the world. Li Hao accompanied Li Tieying, Zhou Jiannan, Liu Hongru and others to sit quietly in the back row. Mayors who attended the national mayors training class also came to watch. On this day, it sounded the "first hammer" of land auction in the history of new China. Land is a very sensitive topic in China. The fourth paragraph of Article 10 of the Constitution clearly states: "no organization or individual may occupy, buy, sell, lease or illegally transfer land in other forms." When the reform broke into the forbidden area, it was necessary to "risk the world's great injustice" and the accusation of "unconstitutionality" was not light. Li Hao is not a reckless man, he is cautious in practice. Experts and scholars have been invited to Shenzhen several times to discuss the land system in Hong Kong. Not only that, he also went to the National People's Congress in Beijing to meet with Chairman Peng Zhen and Secretary General Wang Hanbin, and directly explained the shortcomings of the land system. It is precisely because of the reform practice in Shenzhen that the Seventh National People's Congress passed the amendment to the constitution, and the fourth paragraph of Article 10 is amended as follows: "no organization or individual may occupy, buy, sell or illegally transfer land in other forms. The right to the use of the land may be transferred in accordance with the law. "
The reform of housing system is one of the most strenuous reforms. In 1987, a leading group for housing system reform was set up in Shenzhen to formulate housing reform plans. Shenzhen put forward the idea of "rent sale", and the staff of the housing reform office visited more than 5000 people, and counted out 140 thousand data. After repeated calculations, they consulted extensively. In June 1988, the housing system reform plan was promulgated, and the "double track three mode" was introduced: one is to provide the government with the welfare housing, to solve the housing problem of the public servants and the staff; and the second is to provide the commercial housing by the market. The third is the low profit housing, which is for the difficult employees of state-owned enterprises and other enterprises. At that time, Shenzhen basically solved the housing problems of public education personnel and enterprise employees, while meeting the needs of a small number of well-off people. Unfortunately, this reform system has not been consolidated. With the rise of the trend of monetization and marketization of housing, Shenzhen also began to "drift with the tide". The welfare housing system with the function of social security has been cancelled, leaving only one market. Looking back, when
Chinese PinYin : Li Hao
Li Hao
