Li Mengyang

Li Mengyang

Li Mengyang (from January 5, 1473 to January 28, 1530) was born in Anhua County, Qingyang prefecture (now Qingcheng County, Gansu Province) and returned to his hometown. Therefore, Li Mengyang was directly written in dengkelu as a native of Fugou County, Henan Province. He was good at calligraphy, and got Yan Zhenqing's skill in writing and was good at ancient Chinese words. In the middle of Ming Dynasty, he was a litterateur and a leader of the first seven sons of the retro school. It advocates "literature must be in Qin and Han Dynasties, poetry must be in Tang Dynasty", and emphasizes to return to the ancients. The book of self written poetry follows Yan Zhenqing's example, which is square and rigorous in structure, free from rules and regulations, and full of learning atmosphere. Li Mengyang's "retro" movement in the literary world prevailed for a century, and was replaced by the "Gong'an School" represented by yuan Zongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zhongdao.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Li Mengyang was born in Qingyang, Gansu Province on December 7, the eighth year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (January 5, 1473). He had a poor family since he was a child. When he was 10 years old, his family returned to his hometown with his father. At that time, his father was a professor of Zhou Wangfu in Fengqiu, and he was highly trusted by gentle Wang. Li Mengyang was also highly valued for his academic progress.

Offend the powerful

In the sixth year of Hongzhi (1493), Li Mengyang ascended guichouke County examination to Jieyuan, and in the seventh year of Hongzhi (1494), he ascended jiayinke Jinshi. When I first gave the head of the Department of household affairs, I hated the arrogance of Zhang Yanling, the Marquis of Jianchang at that time. Fearless of power, he wrote the famous "Yingzhao Zhichen Shu" and boldly exposed Shouning Marquis's crimes such as "recruiting scoundrels, profiting from the Internet, robbing people's land, demolishing people's houses, confiscating their children, cutting off business goods, taking salt lessons, running across rivers, holding a yellow flag and being like a winged tiger". Hou Shouning, with deep hatred for him, framed him in every way before the emperor. He dismissed him, questioned him, and tortured him severely. All his relatives were eager to kill Li Mengyang. Later, because the emperor did not allow him, Li Mengyang was restored to his original position.

After ups and downs

In 1505, Li Mengyang became a doctor. At that time, Emperor Wuzong (Zhengde emperor) of Ming Dynasty was established. The eunuch Liu Jin and other "eight tigers" gradually abolished the emperor's opportunities. All the ministers' letters could not be up to standard. He resolutely wrote for Han Wen, the Minister of the Ministry of household affairs, and exposed Liu Jin, who was almost guilty of killing himself. First, in the second year of Zhengde (1507 AD), Liu Jin falsely sent a decree to demote Li Mengyang as the Chief Secretary of Shanxi Province (in charge of the cashier documents), and ordered him to leave his post and go home. Later, Liu Jin accused Li Mengyang and put him in prison. Thanks to Kang Hai's efforts, Li Mengyang was saved from death.

In 1510, Liu Jin was killed, Li Mengyang was rehabilitated, and the official was restored to his original post, and he was promoted to Deputy envoy of yistixue in Jiangxi Province. Later, because he offended too many people, he finally let Li Mengyang live at home for the crime of "bullying the same column and coercing Shangguan".

In 1519, Zhu Chenhao, king of Ning, was killed for conspiring against Li Mengyang. The former hater took the opportunity to expose Li Mengyang as his accomplice, and then arrested Li Mengyang and put him in prison. Thanks to Yang Tinghe, a bachelor, and Lin Jun, a minister of the Ministry of punishment, who wrote that Li Mengyang was not guilty, he was released.

No more official

After emperor Jiajing ascended the throne, although the ministers recommended Li Mengyang one after another, Li Mengyang finally saw through the dangers of the world and did not become an official because of his decades of career as an official. He managed the garden, invited guests, drank wine and wrote works, and was famous for his work in Hainei. On December 30, 1530, Li Mengyang died at the age of 58. In the early years of Longqing, his posthumous title was Jingwen.

Literary achievements

Ideas and propositions

Li Mengyang is quick witted and famous for his poems and essays to restore the style of the Qin and Tang Dynasties. In the Hongzhi era of emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty, Li Dongyang, the prime minister, led the national literary world with "Pavilion style". All the scholars in the world studied and advocated Li Dongyang's style of writing. Only Li Mengyang laughed at the weakness of this style. He advocated that writing articles should be based on the model of Qin and Han Dynasty articles, and writing poems should be based on the model of Tang Dynasty poetry style, that is, "literature must be Qin and Han Dynasty, poetry must be prosperous Tang Dynasty". If you don't write poems according to this style, it is not a good article and poetry; he and he Jingming, Xu Zhenqing, Bian Gong, Kang Hai, Wang Jiusi, Wang Ting are known as the seven talents, in order to distinguish them from the later seven talents in the literary world, they are called "the first seven talents" ”He was the leader. Li Mengyang also said: "true poetry is among the people." He asked poetry creation to go deep into the folk, connect with reality and absorb nutrition. This literary viewpoint has greatly promoted the literary creation including poetry. Li Mengyang's "retro" movement in the literary world prevailed for a century, and was replaced by the "Gong'an School" represented by yuan Zongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zhongdao.

personal works

Anthologies: thirty six volumes of Yuefu ancient poems, twenty seven volumes of preface to Shushu epitaphs and eight volumes of kongtongji were published.

Poems: autumn view, battle songs of general Shi and Bianjing New Year's Eve

CI: rumengling

Anecdotes and allusions

A couplet

Li Mengyang, a writer of the Ming Dynasty, once supervised Jiangxi Province and served as the chief examiner. He found that there was a candidate with the same name on the examination scholar's roster, which was ridiculous. So when he sang the title, he said to the scholar with the same name: "it's a coincidence that my younger brother has the same name as my official. I should take care of him. Well, I'll give you a couplet. If you can deal with it in court, you'll win. If you can't answer the question, please go back to study hard for another three years and come back to the next local examination. " The scholar was also a Confucian scholar full of literary talents. After hearing this, he replied with a smile, "if you don't regret, please say something." Li Mengyang produced the well conceived humorous couplet: "Lin Xiangru, Sima Xiangru, mingxiangru, but not Xiangru." This couplet is different from the same person by its name, which is suitable for the examinee with the same name and implies the meaning of ridicule. That examinee after listening to a ponder, bow hand then to: "Wei Wuji, changsun Wuji, er Wuji, I also Wuji." This couplet with its name "Wuji", pun two sides do not taboo.

Day Lantern

Li Mengyang followed his father as an official to live and study in other places since he was a child. Because of his intelligence, he was proficient in classics and poetry, and was able to write beautiful articles. When he was just 19 years old, the provincial examination was held in Shaanxi Province, and all the provincial scholars gathered in the provincial capital to take the examination. According to the regulations at that time, people from each province would take the examination in each provincial capital, and those who were outside would return to their hometown. At that time, Anhua County of Qingyang Prefecture was under the jurisdiction of the governor of Shaanxi Province. Therefore, Li Mengyang first returned to Anhua County of Qingyang Prefecture for a period of time, and then went to Chang'an of Shaanxi Province to take the exam. Because he followed his parents all the time, witnessed the corruption and darkness of officialdom, and heard the fact that officialdom was killing people in his hometown. Therefore, he aroused righteous indignation and always wanted to take the opportunity to vent his anger. He had an idea and thought of a wonderful way. When he entered the examination room in the morning, he held a lighted lantern to enter. The doorkeeper and other scholars were surprised and asked, "how can you walk with a lantern in the daytime?" Li Mengyang replied solemnly, "it's too dark now. I'm afraid that someone will plot against me!" After Li Mengyang said that, he gave a smile. The scholars knew what he meant, and they also laughed. Although the officials who presided over the examination were angry and wanted to embarrass Li Mengyang, when they thought about it, it showed that they had a small stomach. It was not too late for them to think of a good way to punish him when he took the examination or after it. The test paper is sealed, there is no way to do, but after the test paper was unsealed, Li Mengyang won the first place, for Jieyuan, and his article was copied by people, which made Luoyang paper expensive. Under the reputation, the officials have to stare.

Historical evaluation

Wang Weizhen: since Du Fu, the seven character temperament has made good use of the method of ups and downs, but Meng Yang is the only one.

History of the Ming Dynasty: the dream of Yang is just like a hero, and Zhuo ran claims to be back to the ancients. He and he Jingming, Xu Zhenqing, Bian Gong, Zhu Yingdeng, Gu Li, Chen Yi, Zheng Shanfu, Kang Hai, Wang Jiusi are ten talented persons, and they are seven talented persons, Jingming, Zhen Qing, Gong, Hai, Jiu Si, Wang Tingxiang. They all despise me, especially Mengyang. Huang shengzeng, a native of Wu, and Zhou Zuo, a native of Yue, wrote a letter thousands of miles away, wishing to be a disciple. In the Jiajing Dynasty, Li Panlong and Wang Shizhen came out and regained their ancestry. Li, he, Wang and Li are the four most important figures in the world.

Family members

Great grandfather: he joined the family of Zhuwang, changed his surname to Wang, and named Wang en.

Father: Li Zheng, Professor of Zhou Wangfu. After his death, he gave it to Chengde Lang, the head of the Ministry of household in Shandong, and to Fengzhi doctor, wailang, the member of the Ministry of household in Guizhou.

Big brother: Li Mao, also known as Meng he.

Third brother: Meng Zhang.

Zi: Li Zhi, Jinshi. The other three were Li Chu, Li Liang and Li Zhu.

Tombs

After his death, Li Mengyang was buried in Dayang mountain, Junzhou, Henan Province. Li Mengyang's descendants have been guarding the tomb nearby. The tombstone has been damaged and the tomb has been stolen and dug repeatedly. On the incomplete tombstone of the Ming Dynasty, there are the words "Mr. Kong Tong's tomb was rebuilt on the auspicious day of the autumn moon in the sixth year of Wanli". In the 20th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Zhiping, the governor of Yuzhou, reestablished the stele of "Ming poet Li Kong's tomb".

The original cemetery covers an area of several hectares, reaching the river in the East, the river in the west, Dalong mountain in the South and lianhualing in the north. Two mountains and two rivers encircle each other. There are many memorial archways and stele corridors on the ground, and there are countless inscriptions of scholars and celebrities in the past dynasties. The epitaph was inscribed by Cui GUI, a Bachelor of Ming Dynasty, and the epitaph was written by Zhu Kan, the patriarchal clan. The Junzhou branch of the Li family chose the tombs for their ancestors in the 12th year of Zhengde, and then lived in seclusion in changmen to guard the tombs.

Chinese PinYin : Li Meng Yang