Yu Duanli

Yu Duanli

Yu Duanli (1135-1201), Prime Minister of the Southern Song Dynasty. The word Chu Gong, Quzhou Longyou (now Zhejiang) people. Gaozong Shaoxing 27 years (1157) Jinshi. Li Zhi Huzhou Wucheng County, Xiaozong called for the censor of supervision, moved to Dali Shaoqing, Taichang Shaoqing, into the Ministry of officials minister, out of Taiping Zhou, temple.

In the fourth year of emperor Guangzong's reign of Shaoxi (1193), he called to worship the Minister of the Ministry of officials and promoted him to know the affairs of the Privy Council (volume 213 of the history of Song Dynasty, Zaifu Biao IV). Together with Zhao Ruyu, he praised Ning Zong's accession to the throne, and went to know the Privy Council Affairs as well as political affairs.

In the first year of Qingyuan (1195), he paid homage to the right prime minister. In the second year, he moved to the left prime minister, found out the sentence of Longxing, changed the sentence to Tanzhou, moved Qingyuan, and returned to tanshuai. Jiatai died in the first year, 67 years old.

The story can be seen in volume 124 of Cheng Zhai Ji, volume 398 of history of Song Dynasty. Two poems are recorded.

Life of the characters

In the 27th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1157), Yu Duanli passed the imperial examination and went to Wucheng (now Huzhou City) as magistrate. After taking office, he found that the local taxes were heavy, and the people were exploited layer upon layer, making it difficult for them to continue their life. Yu Duanli immediately reported the matter to the county government, and then personally went to Zhongshu province to appeal to the central officials, so that the county reduced 60000 Guan Qian Fu every year (1000 square holes of money worn above the rope is one Guan). Yu Duanli was well versed in the Confucian wisdom of governing the country, which immediately lightened the burden of the common people. Yu Duanli's courage and compassion were appreciated by his superiors, and he was transferred to Kyoto, Hangzhou, by an imperial edict. At that time, song Xiaozong hoped to restore the territory and summoned Yu Duanli to meet him. Yu Duanli expressed his unique views on the military strategy. He compared the situation of the Southern Song Dynasty to that of the state of Yue to the state of Wu in the spring and Autumn period. He thought that the enemy was strong and the enemy was weak. He thought that the alliance should be built outside, the military equipment should be built inside, and the changes of time should be observed in order to recover. After hearing this, Xiaozong greatly appreciated Yu Duanli, and immediately promoted him to be the censor of supervision, promoted him to Shaoqing of Dali, transferred him to Shaoqing of Taichang, acted as the Minister of the Ministry of war and Prince Zhan, and went to the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs to know Taiping Prefecture. in the late Southern Song Dynasty, Yu Duanli had been an official for more than 40 years. After three emperors of the Song Dynasty, Xiaozong, Guangzong and ningzong, he had seen too many changes in the imperial court. After the death of emperor Xiaozong, Guangzong succeeded to the throne, and Yu Duanli was promoted to minister of the Ministry of officials, knowing the affairs of the Privy Council. At that time, Wu Ting, the military and political commander of Sichuan Province, died. His son Wu Xi was appointed by the imperial court as the commander of Jiankang city and began to take charge of military power. Yu Duanli tactfully reported to Guangzong his worry that "if the Wu family had ever held Shu soldiers, if they were to inherit them now, it would be a future disaster.". Guangzong didn't care. As a result, Yu Duanli said unfortunately. Later, Wu Xi occupied Shu and rebelled. In the fifth year of Shaoxi reign (1194), Guangzong was seriously ill and couldn't take charge of the affairs. Yu Duanli is the country in the world, and he strongly supports the crown prince Zhao to be emperor. Because emperor Guangzong was alive, the prince refused to ascend the throne. Yu Duanli tried his best to admonish him with "not thinking about the great plan of the country, but observing the minor points of the ordinary man, but neglecting the filial piety of the emperor". He was sincere and eloquent, and moved the court. In the second year, Zhao Kuang succeeded to the throne and became emperor ningzong. Yu Duanli was promoted to be an official. At that time, Zhao Kuo, who supported the emperor ningzong of the Song Dynasty, ascended to the throne. Han Kuo, who had "the merit of wearing wings", was arrogant and ran against Zhao Ruyu, the prime minister in the court, making him die in a foreign land. Han juezhou also excluded a large number of people who had opinions on him from the temple. After gaining more and more power, he lost his power and went against the country everywhere. Yu Duanli, who has always been "the most virtuous and virtuous person to help others with good intentions", is eager to do his best in his heart. However, because Han Zhuozhou covers up the sky with one hand, it is of no help in the end. Seeing that the platform of the court had been in disorder and the root of the disaster had been spread, Yu Duanli was disheartened at this time, so he strongly demanded to resign. However, song ningzong refused, and he was promoted to Prime Minister Zuo, becoming the Prime Minister of the court. According to reason, the prime minister was the highest chief executive in ancient China, and was the highest official position to assist the monarch in taking care of government affairs. But Yu Duanli, who was at the top of the list, did not feel complacent at all. The platform of the court is in disorder, and the discussion is out of order. The emperor was fatuous and incompetent, and the court was in danger. Yu Duanli was also constrained by Han kuozhou. He was helpless and could only ask the emperor to withdraw again. At the instigation of Han Zhuzhou, the emperor appointed Yu Duanli as the judge of Tanzhou and Qingyuan. At that time, the situation in Tanzhou (now Xiangtan, Hunan Province) was unstable, and the people's customs were strong. When Yu Duanli went there to take charge, he couldn't open up the situation for a long time. He was so tired that he couldn't take care of each other. In the first year of Jiatai (1201), Yu Duanli, 66 years old, died of illness in Tanzhou. He was posthumously awarded "Shaobao" and "Duke of the state of Ying" and was posthumously named "Zhongsu".

Historical records

The second Jinshi is Wucheng County of Huzhou. The folk Fu Ding silk money, rate three hooligans out of one, do not lose silk and discount its estimate, a thousand money, later increased to 5000, people can not be sick. He gave a gift to the government. He heard about it. He also wrote about it in the middle of his life. He paid 60000 yuan every year. At that time, the emperor Xiaozong was determined to recover. He said politely: "the way to seek the enemy's decisive victory is sound and real. If the enemy is weak, he should speak first and then make a sound, so that he can catch his Qi; if the enemy is strong, he should speak first and then make a sound, so as to wait for his opportunity. Han Wu took advantage of the difficulties of Xiongnu and went to the border personally, which was powerful in Shuofang. However, those who had no royal court in Monan were convinced by their Qi, which is the so-called "first voice then reality". It's not the case for Yue to plan for Wu. He is good at alliance outside, and good at military preparation inside. Yang's movement helps Qi and Jin with seed and Li, Yin's cooperation helps Qi and Jin. Those who teach and learn are good at skill, while those who offer gifts are good at secret. Those who can dominate in the first battle wait for the opportunity to plan for it. Today's event is different from that of Han Dynasty, but similar to that of Yue Dynasty. May Yin set up its preparation, and closely plan for it. When observing changes, opportunities can be thrown. In ancient times, there were four speculators: there were opportunities for making mistakes, for making mistakes, for taking advantage of troubles, and for taking advantage of disadvantages. If the Huns were trapped in the attack of the Three Kingdoms and Emperor Xuan left the army, it would be a good opportunity to throw in the gap. Because of his foreign invasion, Ruo Fu was led by the battle of Huangchi, and the Yue army entered Wu. This is also the opportunity to make trouble. If the Jin Dynasty descends to SUN Hao, it will take the opportunity of chaos. If the enemy is poor, he will creep behind and frown. If Gaozu pursues Xiang Yu, he will take advantage of the opportunity. Before the opportunity comes, you can't go first; when the opportunity comes, you can't go later. In order to prepare for the border, an if Taishan, in order to respond to the enemy, move like broken bamboo, but do as you wish, all like ambition. Shangxi said: "Qing can be said to be a general practitioner." Later, he moved to Shaoqing of Dali and transferred to Shaoqing of Taichang. Since the imperial edict, he prayed to the God of the valley at the age of 20, and ploughed the land in the middle of the spring, asking the ritual officials to discuss the story of Mingdao. Duan Li said: "the system of praying for grain is to sacrifice heaven and earth to Yuanqiu. In the early stage, it was enjoyed in the imperial temple and worshipped in the suburbs of winter solstice. If it was the system of Mingdao, the imperial examination room was built after the fire in the palace. Therefore, it was in the Tai'an palace to thank heaven and earth, especially for the disaster. Today, if you want to pray for the valley and cultivate the land, you must sacrifice heaven and earth to Yuanqiu. In the early days, you must enjoy jingling palace and Taimiao. If you want to understand the way, you can't do it in the palace. " The imperial edict, the Ministry of rites and the imperial edict were discussed. There are those who can be justified in Zhongshu. Duan Li said, "propriety can be justified in itself, but in general, it is not easy. In ancient times, the suburb was cultivated later, so it was called the suburb because it was in the suburb. It was also worshipped in the Ming hall, so it was called the Ming hall. For example, the system of thanking disaster in Ming Dynasty is different from that of praying for valley. Is it true that today's temples and courtyards built in the suburbs will also be built in the Ming hall? The loss of propriety begins with Duanli, and Duanli does not dare to obey the imperial edict. " That's all. He was the Minister of the Ministry of power and the prince Zhan Shi. He went to the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs and went out to Taiping prefecture to serve the ancestral temple. Guangzongli, summoned, said: "the filial piety of the emperor is not the same as that of the common people. Today, your Majesty's filial piety to the shouhuang should be like Shun's filial piety to Yao's filial piety. It's OK to carry out his Tao, and it's OK to carry on his ambition and describe his affairs. If the shouhuang Rui seeks the holy precepts, benevolent government and good education, and gives them to the whole world, he is willing to work with the second and third ministers all the time to fulfill his filial duty. " He was also the Minister of the Ministry of officials, the Minister of the Ministry of power and punishment, and the Minister of Huanzhang Pavilion. He called and worshipped the Minister of the Ministry of officials and promoted him to know the affairs of the Privy Council. Wu Ting, commander-in-chief of Xingzhou, died, and Zhao Ruyu, the Privy minister, said, "if the Wu family has ever been in charge of Shu soldiers, if they are to inherit them, they will be a future disaster." Ru Yu is his speech, and his words are combined to play. Guangzong's intention is not clear. He said politely: "Ru Yu's request is Shu Ji, and it's southeast Ji. There is no Shu, there is no Shu, there is no southeast. Today, if we ask for a commander in the army but do not report it, we will have a heart. " Don't listen. After tingzi Xi died in Shu, such as Duan Liyan. When the emperor was ill, he did not go to Chonghua palace. When the emperor Xiaozong collapsed, he could not mourn. Duan Li said that the prime minister Liuzheng said: "is it true that the Duke alone did not see the story of the Taiji hall mourned by the officials of emperor suzong of the Tang Dynasty? It is advisable to ask the Empress Dowager to perform the sacrifice ceremony on her behalf. " So Zaizhi asked the Empress Dowager to stay upright and afraid, and went to linchonghua palace. the Empress Dowager hung the curtain and decided that Jiawang, the prince, was the emperor's throne, and that the king's tears ran low. Duan Lizhao: "the supreme emperor disobeyed Yu and lost the Lord. The chance of safety lies in breathing. The Empress Dowager is not for his majesty, but for the supreme emperor and for the clan. Today, to insist on giving in and not thinking about the great plan of the country is to observe the minor points of the ordinary man and ignore the great filial piety of the emperor. " Ningzong tears, had no choice but to sit on the side of the Royal half. Duan Li and Ru Yu worship again. Ning zongnai sits down and retreats. to know the Privy Council Affairs and political affairs. You fool to right Cheng phase, Duanli instead. At the beginning, Duanli and Ruyu worked together. Ruyu tasted and said, "scholars are not the same, and they can't be accepted unless they are respectful." Han kuozhou and Han kuozhou tried to preach and steal the power. Ru Yu wanted to reprimand it and tried to vent it. You can't stop the ceremony, but it's just a long cry. Huang Hao in Changping, Western Zhejiang Province, fled to liberate the people. He knew that Huang Du in Wuzhou had to protect the officials of Shu to be removed from their posts. Both of them were deeply regretted. They did not get away from the crime. Lu Zujian, the Prime Minister of Taifu, wrote a letter to Wu Zhou and moved to the south. He was not rescued by Duanli, so he was held responsible by the public. As he saw it day by day, he didn't know what to say except from the official documents. The court platform was already in disorder, and the root of the disaster had been spread. That is to say, beggars are not allowed to enter Prime Minister Zuo. When Duanli was in the phase period, he knew that he supported the good, but he was made by Yu Zhou

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