Taihua Temple

Taihua Temple

Taihua temple, also known as "foyan Temple", is located on Taihua mountain. It is among the bees in Xishan Mountain. It is the highest peak of Xishan Mountain with an altitude of 2500 meters. It was built in the 10th year of Dade of Yuan Dynasty (1306 AD) and was founded by ganmachi, king of Liang Dynasty. Xuanjian (also known as Wuzhao), the first ancestor of Zen in Yunnan Province, often talks about scriptures here. Later, it was renamed Taihua temple and was honored as a family temple by muying, the Duke of Guizhou in Ming Dynasty. It was destroyed in the late Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in 1687. Dabei pavilion was burned in Xianfeng and rebuilt in 1883.

geographical position

The majestic Taihua temple is located in the Taihua mountainside of Kunming Xishan Forest Park. Taihua is adjacent to Dianchi Lake in the East, Huating mountain, Biji mountain in the north, Taiping mountain and Luohan mountain in the south. This area has undulating peaks, murmuring streams, green woods, and beautiful bamboos. Taihua temple stands majestically in the middle of green trees and bamboos. The simple and elegant architectural style, the vast Dianchi Lake, and the winding and steep Taihua peak complement each other, forming a charming, mysterious, peaceful and harmonious landscape.

Scenery introduction

Taihua temple, also known as foyan temple, was founded by xuanjian, the first Zen master in Yunnan. The temple was granted by the king of Liang and later named after Taihua mountain. Up to now, it has gone through the vicissitudes of 700 years of wind and rain and war. The main hall has been expanded and repaired many times in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, but it still retains the architectural style of the Yuan Dynasty.

Taihua temple is located in the West and east of Taihua temple. It has a large scale, rigorous layout, four in five patios, and a circus turret, showing the traditional structure of wearing Dou. The pavilions, pavilions, galleries and pools in the temple form a song, which is quiet and quiet. With the main hall as the center, the corridor is divided into two parts, which are connected with the attic platform of the hatchback Pavilion. The whole building covers an area of 3562 square meters. Architectural art has its own characteristics, which is between Beijing palace garden architecture and Suzhou artificial garden architecture. Taihua temple, surrounded by ten thousand pines and emerald trees, has a beautiful courtyard and a winding path.

On the first step, the banner of the middle gate of the stone square is engraved with "Junji Yunxiao", with "ninglan" and "Diecui" on both sides. On the column of the stone square, the couplet is "a picture of the lake and mountain from the bottom of the eye, and the worries and happiness of all families from the bottom of the heart". The side couplet is "the sea of Yunnan is flat, the mirror of servant girl is clear, and the ripples are really to be learned; the rain in the western mountains is flowing, and Taihua is ethereal, and the author ascends." The combination of feelings and scenes shows that Buddhism pays close attention to the social world.

The Tianwang hall has a single eaves on the top of the mountain. It is three rooms wide and two rooms deep. It is nearly 20 meters high and covers an area of 367.5 square meters. In the middle of the hall is a wooden Avalokitesvara, with hands folded and a kind look. Standing on the lotus shrine, it is about two meters high, with a wide crown and beautiful clothes. It is a relic of the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty. Looking up at Guanyin Xinrong, we can not help but feel a sense of universal salvation. On both sides of the hall are pastel statues of the four heavenly kings, each three meters high, with an air of peace and dignity. On the back, Weituo wears gold armor and sits on the ground according to the sword. It shows the dignity of the Dharma protector. It is said that it is the work of Li Guangxiu in the reign of Guangxu. Its creative technique focuses on the depiction of the mental state and inner world. It is lifelike and simple, and closer to the characters in real life. Through the courtyard, into the main hall, five wide, four deep, hall height of nearly 30 meters, covering an area of 484 square meters. The hall is supported by 22 columns, with a square purlin frame on the roof, a structure of Chuandou, four stone drums on the veranda, four huge columns, carved beams and painted buildings. It was built in 1306. The horizontal plaque of "Ru Ru Bu Dong" hung under the eaves of the main hall is a tribute to Sakyamuni. The center of the hall is for the third Buddha, three meters high, with Sakyamuni in the center; on the left and right are the pharmacist Buddha and Amitabha Buddha; on both sides of the hall are two disciples of Sakyamuni, i.e. Lijia ye and Ananda. They are solemn, kind-hearted, with gold and powder on their bodies. Their statues are superb and skillful. It is said that they are works of the Yuan Dynasty.

On the two wall niches of the main hall, there are 14 bronze and gilt Bodhisattvas, all of which are Avalokitesvara, one meter high. In the center of the left and right shrines are Guanyin Bodhisattva and zhunti Bodhisattva. The seventeen arms of zhunti Bodhisattva and the nineteen arms of Guanyin Bodhisattva are like peacocks behind them. The center holds the sun and the moon in two hands, and the rest holds Ruyi building, yangliuzhi, Lianhua, Yaoguan, wheel, holy vase, silk rope, Jingjia, Wuwei seal, sword, Luo, Gago, Vajra pestle and rosary beads. It is exquisite in craftsmanship, graceful in muscle, tranquil in expression, elegant in appearance, and moving in a compassionate gesture. The red sandalwood carving hall in Daxiong hall is divided into two floors, with jade steps, columns and cornices. It is made of hundreds of small wooden marks. It is exquisite and exquisite. It is a well preserved art treasure, embodying and condensing the unique ideas and superb skills of Gongqin artists.

The highest part of Taihua temple is the famous Dabei Pavilion, which was first built in the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty and later destroyed by war. It was overhauled in the ninth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (1883). It covers an area of 582 square meters. On the second floor, in front of the eaves, there is a huge plaque of "great compassion Pavilion", which is a Buddhist temple dedicated to Guanyin. At present, there are three bronze Buddhas in the hall. The Dharma body is piluzana Buddha, the newspaper body is Lushena Buddha, and the standing body is Sakyamuni Buddha. They are relics of Kangxi period. Buddha face charity, gold powder gilt body, each 2.8 meters high.

The Dabei Pavilion, which is located on the top of the forest, has an extraordinary atmosphere. It has carved eaves and painted colors. The terrace is tall and spacious, and can be radiant and accommodate hundreds of people. What is striking is that there are dragons, lions, tigers, elephants, peacocks and deer on the balustrade. They are lifelike, with different expressions. It was removed from Wu Sangui's palace in Kunming City during the reign of Emperor Kangxi. The marble relief railings reveal Wu Sangui's wealth, luxury, greed and decline.

The Dabei pavilion has a spacious palace, "surrounded by stone railings and full of splendor, which is the most beautiful scenery" (travel to Taihua mountain by Zhang Jiache). Therefore, it is also called the ethereal building in later generations. Scholars of all ages like to come and write poems. "The castle in the air opens the book of heaven, and the clouds and clouds on the top of the temple meet the light of water.". When you come here, you can see the beautiful scenery. The clouds are creeping, the fog is closing, and the clouds are overflowing the pavilion. The more they gather, the thicker they become. Gradually, only floating clouds and faint curves are left, sketching out beautiful patterns.

There are a lot of ancillary buildings in the temple. The north side of the main hall used to be "sizhao hall". It is the ancestral hall of muying, the Duke of Guizhou in the early Ming Dynasty. In recent years, it has been rebuilt into a cold drink and tea room. On the south side is the "yingbixie", and the middle part of the south side of the side building protrudes into a pavilion, stretching into the blue pool. The pool is about two acres square, divided into two pools, the size of which is dotted with rockery island. The pool is surrounded by curved corridors. The mountains, water, buildings and corridors are beautiful.

On the wall of "wanqinglou" in the east of Daxiong hall, there is a book written by Emperor Kangxi: "the world is the best". The inscription: "when you climb the tower, you can see the rainbow in Dongpu and the green in Xishan. When you look at the sunrise in the morning, the waves are red; when you look at the sails in the evening, the boats are like arrows. Thousands of ants gather in Yunjin and thousands of bees live in the city. As if in a mirage. Taihua temple has many kinds of flowers. The red and flamboyant camellia, the graceful magnolia, Purple Magnolia, cinnabar magnolia, and the waxy plum blossom are full of branches and courtyards in the new year. Light wind blowing, bursts of flowers with the smell of the faithful lit, refreshing, as if in a fairyland, people linger.

Introduction to scenic spots

When you go into the temple and read the inscriptions, you know that Taihua temple was built by the king of Liang during the Dade period of the Yuan Dynasty. In the early years of the Yuan Dynasty, the royal family was close to Zhou to guard Yunnan, and generally granted the king of Yunnan or the king of Liang, while the king of Yunnan changed to the king of Liang, which is called "Jinfeng", which shows that the status of the king of Liang is more obvious. In this way, Taihua temple is not an ordinary folk temple, and it has been stormy for 700 years. Seven hundred years of wind and rain have quietly turned the vicissitudes of several dynasties into history. Even the original plaque of "foyan Temple" was destroyed by wind and rain. But there is no need to be famous. The local people do not need to give it to them. They simply name themselves after mountains.

Features of scenic spots

Take a look at the main hall and the yibiwanqing Pavilion, all surrounded by stone railings. Although the sky is overcast and rainy, the stone fence is covered with moss, but moss can not cover up the vivid and delicate relief. It's nothing else. It's the old thing of Wu Sangui's mansion. At the end of Ming Dynasty, Wu Sangui, an important general in the border area, became a beautiful woman in a rage. He resolutely carried the Ming Dynasty, led the Qing army into the border area, and sealed the west king to guard Yun Gui. Wu forced the death of Yongli emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty and built a royal palace, thus gaining more and more power. Kangxi was deeply aware of the "San Francisco" trend, which could not be stopped. "It was against withdrawing, and it was against not withdrawing", so he decided to cut off the "San Francisco". Wu Sangui took the risk to fight against the Qing Dynasty, and finally defeated Dongting. The history must be accompanied by such people, otherwise it will be much dimmer. Even a family that had been famous for a while was ruined. After 20 years of painstaking efforts, the palace was demolished and rebuilt. It's just a temple. It's a piece of historical evidence.

History and culture

Outside the mountain gate, a ginkgo tree, tall and thick, is said to be planted by Emperor Jianwen. Emperor Jianwen was the eldest grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. After succeeding to the throne, because of the support and self-respect of the princes, he began to cut off the "vassal". Unfortunately, he did not have the ability of Kangxi to inspire Zhu Di, the king of Yan, to attack Nanjing. City broken, "palace fire, the emperor did not know the end." Since then, the whereabouts of Jianwen emperor has become an eternal mystery. In fact, Jianwen emperor is likely to escape from the palace and become a monk in Yunnan and Guizhou. It's like a joke of history to think that Zhu Yuanzhang became emperor from a monk and his grandson became a monk from an emperor. It is said that emperor Jianwen also lived in Taihua temple for five years. Although these rumors have not been written into the official history, they may not be completely groundless, and they may reflect the true history

Chinese PinYin : Tai Hua Si