New Fourth Army memorial in Maoshan

New Fourth Army memorial in Maoshan

Maoshan New Fourth Army memorial hall is located in Maoshan Town, 25 kilometers southeast of Jurong City, Jiangsu Province. Maoshan is a provincial scenic spot in Jiangsu Province. The new hall covers an area of more than 16000 square meters, with a construction area of more than 35000 square meters. The hall is divided into five parts. More than 2000 pieces of precious cultural relics and historical materials were exhibited. By means of sound, light, electricity, multimedia and other high-tech means, the brilliant achievements and glorious images of the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries such as Chen Yi and Su Yu were reappeared, and the tragic scenes of the New Fourth Army's bloody battle with the people of Southern Jiangsu were reappeared.

Historical evolution

In order to remember the great achievements of the proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation and educate future generations, the memorial hall of the New Fourth Army of Maoshan was built in September 1985 with the approval of the provincial Party committee. In 1998, it was rebuilt on the basis of the original site. The new hall covers an area of more than 16000 square meters, and the exhibition hall has a building area of more than 3700 square meters. The basic display is the historical exhibition of the Anti Japanese war in southern Jiangsu of the New Fourth Army. The exhibition hall is unique and magnificent, which not only shows the majestic posture of the three peaks of Maoshan, but also shows the momentum of the achievements of the revolutionary predecessors. The contents of the exhibition are divided into five parts: "the people of Southern Jiangsu rise up to fight against the Japanese aggressor army", "the opening up of the Maoshan Anti Japanese base area", "the New Fourth Army of Maoshan March eastward and northward", "the arduous persistence of the Anti Japanese base area of Southern Jiangsu", "the people of Southern Jiangsu win the victory of the Anti Japanese struggle". More than 3000 pieces of precious cultural relics and historical materials are exhibited.

Reconstruction of Library Buildings

The New Fourth Army memorial hall of Maoshan was rebuilt on the basis of the original site in 1998. After one and a half years of intensive design, construction and layout, the whole project was officially opened to the public on March 15, 1999.

Since the opening of the New Fourth Army memorial in Maoshan, leaders at all levels and people from all walks of life have attached great importance to it. Comrade Jiang Weiqing, a veteran soldier of the New Fourth Army and former member of the Central Committee of the CPC Central Committee, sat in a wheelchair in 1998 and carefully looked at the exhibition contents of the whole museum. He said with emotion: "this exhibition hall has reached the first-class level of the New Fourth Army memorial, which can be said to be the first one in East China. "

traditional education

The whole display of historical materials is full and accurate, rich in content, diverse in form, truly reflects the glorious course of the Anti Japanese base area in southern Jiangsu with Maoshan as the center, and vividly reproduces the historical features of the New Fourth Army and the Anti Japanese struggle of the people in southern Jiangsu. Since its opening more than ten years ago, the museum has received an average of 200000 visitors from home and abroad every year. It has become a moral education base for some colleges, military academies, enterprises and institutions such as Nanjing, Changzhou and Zhenjiang. Since 1992, it has been listed as "moral education base outside school", "youth revolutionary tradition education base", "moral education base in primary and secondary schools", "national defense education base for all" by provincial and municipal authorities. Since 1996, it has been rated as "civilized unit" in Zhenjiang city. In April 2001, it was rated as "excellent Museum of Jiangsu Province", in June it was named as the second batch of 100 "patriotic education demonstration bases" by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, and in December it was approved as "provincial civilized unit".

Background story

In 1995, in order to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the victory of the Anti Japanese War, a 36 meter high "memorial to the victory of the Anti Japanese war in southern Jiangsu" was built on the top of Wangmu mountain, more than 300 meters east of the memorial hall, with the approval of the provincial and municipal authorities. In the winter of 1997, the spectacle of "setting off firecrackers in front of the monument and listening to the bugle under the monument" was discovered, and there was an endless stream of visitors. According to this physical phenomenon, the local people made up a story about a trumpeter of the New Fourth Army. They thought it was the trumpeter of the New Fourth Army who showed his spirit. When he saw the victory of the revolution, he blew the bugle to celebrate the victory. In memory of the trumpeter, he later died A statue of the trumpeter was built.

Main exhibition hall

Stepping into the memorial hall of the New Fourth Army, the first thing you can see is a unique and magnificent main exhibition hall. The square outside the hall covers an area of several hundred mu. Surrounded by cedar, green carpet and flat grass altar, there are various kinds of aircraft, artillery and other large weapons used and captured by the New Fourth Army during the Anti Japanese war in Maoshan. The facade of the exhibition hall is in the shape of three mountains in Maoshan. The whole building is dignified and generous. The exhibition hall has two floors. In the lobby downstairs stands a bronze statue of Comrade Chen Yi in military uniform and holding a telescope. The exhibition hall behind him is divided into five parts The first part introduces the historical facts of the Lugouqiao Incident, the complete works of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, the Songhu Anti Japanese War, the atrocities of the Japanese army in southern Jiangsu, the people's sarcastic activities against Japan and the rise of the Anti Japanese self defense forces. It gives us a general understanding of the historical background before the New Fourth Army entered Maoshan. The second part is the opening up of Maoshan Anti Japanese base area. It mainly introduces that after the New Fourth Army led by the Communist Party of China marched into Maoshan, relying on the victorious battle, exemplary mass discipline and extensive united front, uniting the masses of all walks of life, carrying out extensive Anti Japanese guerrilla war, forming local parties and various anti Japanese groups, mobilizing and organizing the masses to join in the Anti Japanese struggle and gaining a foothold in Maoshan The historical facts of opening up Maoshan base area.

From 1939 to October 1940, in order to carry out the instructions of the CPC Central Committee that the New Fourth Army should consolidate to the south, fight to the East and develop to the north, the southern Jiangsu army of the new fourth army launched a wide range of offensive operations, constantly expanded the Anti Japanese positions, and established the Jiangnan headquarters of the New Fourth Army and the Party committee of the Jiangsu Anhui District of the CPC At the same time, taking Maoshan area as the starting point, we should go east and north to open up the Anti Japanese base in Central Jiangsu.

The fourth part is the arduous persistence of the Anti Japanese base area in southern Jiangsu. It mainly introduces that during the period from November 1940 to October 1943, the army and the people in the Anti Japanese base area led by the party, under the serious situation of repeated attacks by the enemy, the puppet and the stubborn for a long time, with indomitable heroism, put into the sharp, cruel and arduous complex struggle, and achieved the victory of anti sweep, anti friction, anti clean up and anti suppression He firmly held the position of Anti Japanese war in southern Jiangsu and obtained new historical facts of development.

From November 1943 to October 1945, the 16th brigade of the New Fourth Army successively launched the campaigns and battles of Ligao, Changxing and Zhoucheng, liberated the vast new occupied areas north of Xuanchang highway, and established the Jiangsu Zhejiang military region together with the first division of the New Fourth Army. It successfully carried out the three anti Japanese campaigns in Tianmu Mountain and recovered a large area of lost territory, The historical facts of the final victory of the Anti Japanese war.

South Jiangsu base

Maoshan Anti Japanese base area generally refers to Jurong, Dantu (Zhenjiang), Danyang, Jintan where Maoshan mountains are located, and parts of their neighboring counties (cities) such as Lishui, Liyang, Jiangning, Yixing and Gaochun. In a broad sense, it refers to the southern Jiangsu Anti Japanese base area with Maoshan as the center.

In May 1938, Mao Zedong pointed out in his article strategic issues of Anti Japanese guerrilla war that the Anti Japanese base areas in mountain areas such as Changbai Mountain, Wutai Mountain, Taihang Mountain, Taishan Mountain, Yanshan Mountain and Maoshan mountain "will be the place where Anti Japanese guerrilla war can be supported for the most long term and the important fortress of Anti Japanese War". On May 4, Mao Zedong pointed out in his telegram "developing guerrilla war behind enemy lines in Central China": "after the Maoshan base area has been established in general, we should prepare to divide one unit into Suzhou, Zhenjiang and Wusong triangle areas, and then divide another unit into Dujiang to enter Jiangbei area.". According to the instructions of the Party Central Committee and Mao Zedong, Su Yu, Chen Yi, Zhang Dingcheng and others led the advance detachment and the first and second detachment of the New Fourth Army to Maoshan area in the summer of 1938 to mobilize the masses, extensively carry out the Anti Japanese guerrilla war, and create the anti Japanese base area. And Maoshan as a base to the East, north, open up the East Road in southern Jiangsu and Northern Jiangsu Yangtai area. From then on, Maoshan Anti Japanese base became the base and strategic channel for the New Fourth Army to March eastward, northward and southward. After the South Anhui Incident, the situation of the Anti Japanese struggle was grim. Maoshan Anti Japanese base went through the stages of arduous persistence, consolidation and construction, and several times of outward expansion until the victory of the Anti Japanese war.

In the summer of 1938, Chen Yi, Su Yu and other comrades led the New Fourth Army into the east to resist Japan, and established the southern Jiangsu Anti Japanese base area with Maoshan as the center. It was one of the earliest bases established by the Communist Party of China in Central China behind enemy lines, and made great contributions to the Chinese revolution.

Honor of the library

According to the arrangement of relevant departments, the ashes of former New Fourth Army leaders Wu Zhongchao, Wang Bicheng, Duan Huanjing and Jiang Weiqing are buried in the memorial hall. In recent years, it has been listed as "off campus moral education base", "youth revolutionary traditional moral education base" and "primary and secondary school students moral education base" by provincial and municipal authorities.

Since its opening in 1985, the museum has received an average of 200000 visitors from home and abroad every year, and many schools, military academies, enterprises and institutions have formed a moral education base with the memorial. The memorial has won many honorary titles, such as "Zhenjiang civilized unit", "Jiangsu Excellent school moral education base", "Jiangsu Excellent Museum", "advanced collective of Jiangsu Cultural System".

In October 2005, it won the honorary title of "the first batch of national civilized units" awarded by the Central Steering Committee of spiritual civilization construction.

On November 12, 2019, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission announced the "Sixth Batch of national unity and progress"

Chinese PinYin : Mao Shan Xin Si Jun1 Ji Nian Guan