Baisha Town

Baisha Town, located in the west of Chongqing, is the first deep-water port in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. It is also the economic, cultural, business center and transportation hub of Northern Guizhou and the west of Jiangjin. It is known as "a famous town in Tianfu", "an important cultural town in East Sichuan" and "Little Hong Kong".

It looks at the Yangtze River in the north and mountains in the south. There are many traditional dwellings, some temples and Western style buildings in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. The bluestone road is winding, and there are caves deep in the alley. People live, work and rest here. The close contact between the neighbors and the villagers, the strong local flavor and the heavy historical precipitation, make people have endless aftertaste.

The unsophisticated architectural style of the ancient town's traditional blocks, the undulating and pleasant street space, the vicissitudes of stilted buildings, the unique natural environment, the beautiful and pleasant scenic spots, the rich connotation of history and culture, and the simple folk customs are all important components of the landscape elements of Baisha ancient town.

Baisha Town

Baisha Town, a town under the jurisdiction of Jiangjin District, Chongqing, is located in the southwest of Jiangjin district. Because of the sunlight, the sand along the Yangtze River is white. It was built in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and was named in Yuanfeng jiuyu Zhi in the Northern Song Dynasty. In 1581, a water post was set up. In 1910, Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty set up the town. In the Republic of China, it set up the third district office, and after 1949, it set up the Fifth District Office. From 1951 to 1956, he was the county governor of Jiangjin. It has been Baisha Town since 1957.

Baisha Town is the first deep-water port in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. It is also the economic, cultural, business center and transportation hub of Northern Guizhou and Western Jiangjin. It covers an area of 241 square kilometers and has a total population of 129339 (2017). In 2019, the population of the main urban area will be nearly 100000. It is the most populous town and the key medium-sized city in Chongqing. It is known as "a famous town in Tianfu", "an important cultural town in East Sichuan" and "Little Hong Kong". In 2010, it was awarded the honorary title of the fifth batch of "famous historical and cultural towns in China" by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development and the State Administration of cultural relics. In December 2013, Jiangjin Baisha was included in the pilot reform of administrative system of economically developed towns in China, and it is the first pilot town in Chongqing.

In 2012, it was listed in the third batch of small towns for reform and development in China.

Historical evolution

Baisha Town has a long history. As early as the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were people living together and formed a village. In the Tang Dynasty, Dasheng temple was built here. Since then, in the song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were built towns here. In the Republic of China, the Third District Office of Jiangjin County was set up here. After liberation, it used to be the seat of Jiangjin County People's government for six years. Since 1980, Baisha Town People's government has been established, and now it is a district level town.

In the volumes of Shu Zhong Guang Ji and Taiping Guang Ji, it is proved that Baisha was well-known for Dasheng temple in the Tang Dynasty, which shows that Baisha was prosperous to a certain extent at that time. It may be a town, but the year it was built, the scale and the pattern of it are still unknown. According to the general records of Ba state, Gouzhou peninsula is the hometown of the ancient literati. Every year, tourists come to the hometown of literati. They all want to pay their respects to this famous figure who became king Gou Jian of Yue more than 2000 years ago,

He caused a lot of historical allusions. Looking at this sculpture which has gone through wind and rain, it makes later generations feel sorry for it. It makes people think about the wisdom scene when they fought with Wu Zixu. They all feel sorry that he didn't listen to the advice of Tao Zhugong and Fan Li.

It was in the early period of Northern Song Dynasty that the ancient books and records could be collected. Yuanfeng jiuyu Zhi, which was revised by Zeng Zhao and Li Dechang in 1068-1077, was based on jiuyu Tu, originally compiled in 1013, the sixth year of emperor Zhenzong's reign of Zhao Heng, Dazhong and Xiangfu. Volume 8 records that "in the fourth year of Yongxi reign, Nanping County was incorporated into Jiangjin. One hundred and twenty miles south of Jiangjin (Chongqing), there are four towns, namely, Handong, Fushi, Baisha, Changsha, Shengzhong, Shiyang, Yulan, Zhiqi, shigu, Shaxi, Xianchi, Pingtan, Shidong, sanchui and Shishi. It can be judged that Baisha was built in the fourth year of Yongxi reign, that is, 987 A.D. It has a history of thousands of years.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Yuzhen of the Ming dynasty ruled Shu and established the Daxia regime with Chongqing as its capital. Jiangjin was changed into a city of gidian, and Baisha became a place of gidian for the first time. In 1371, the fourth year of Hongwu, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, the son of Ming Yuzhen was promoted to Zhu Yuanzhang, and the Ming Dynasty changed Baisha Town into baishali. In the ninth year of Wanli reign of emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty (1581), water post was set up in Baisha water post. In the Ming Huidian and the summary of history reading Fangyu, Baisha water post, Boxi water post, Handong Water Post and Baidu water post were called the four water posts in Jiangjin.

The Qing Dynasty set up inspection department and Jianzhi town. In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, relying on the advantages of water post, it became a regional hub of material distribution. It not only became a major waterway hub in eastern and southern Sichuan, but also an important market town on the post road of Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan.

During the period of the Republic of China, there was a town office. Baisha was the third office of Jiangjin County. Baisha created a prosperous urban pattern by relying on the prosperous trade and transportation on the Yangtze River waterway.

On November 29, 1949, Baisha declared its peaceful liberation. In December of that year, the Fifth District Committee and the Fifth District People's Government of Jiangjin County were established, which governed Baisha, sankou, Jizi, Tanghe, Yongxing and other five townships. The district Party committee and the district government were all located in Baisha Town.

In April 1951, the people's Government of Jiangjin County was also moved to Baisha Town, which served as the seat of the county government and the political, economic and cultural center of Jiangjin. It was not until July 1956 that the county government moved back to Chengguan Town (Jijiang town) that it restored its original position. The next month after the county government moved out, Baisha district was set up as a town.

In 1957, Baisha Town People's Committee was established. In 1970, Baisha Revolutionary Committee was established. Since 1980, Baisha Town People's government has been established as a county-level town.

Famous patriotic poet Wu Fangji, local historian Deng Shaoqin, national painter Zhang Caiqin, patriotic general Xia Zhongshi, anti Japanese army commander, calligrapher Zhou Haoran, oil painter Chen Kezhi, composer Wang Xiren, former coach of national women's volleyball team Deng ruozeng, former director of national defense science and Technology Commission Ding Henggao, former vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhou Guangzhao, contemporary inventor of science and technology creation Zhang Chaoyin and others have lived, studied or worked in this fertile land. Chen Duxiu, one of the founders of the Communist Party of China, general Feng Yuxiang, former vice chairman of the Military Commission of the national government, and Song Meiling, Chiang Kai Shek's wife, all left touching stories and a lot of cultural wealth in Baisha.

geographical environment

Location domain

Baisha Town, Jiangjin District, Chongqing is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the tail of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, between 106 ° 03 ′ 45 ″ E and 106 ° 11 ′ N and 29 ° 04 ′ n. It is in the west of Jiangjin District, 30 km away from the main city of Jiangjin and 72 km away from the main city of Chongqing. It is 75 km away from Luzhou, Sichuan and 60 km away from Chishui, Guizhou. It is the regional center in the west of Jiangjin, with the south of Sichuan, the lower of Chongqing, the south of Guizhou and Yunnan, and the north of yongbi (mountain).

topographic features

Baisha Town is a long and narrow Town, backed by Daqi mountain, facing north and south, built along the river. Baisha Town is high in the South and low in the north, with an elevation of 201-316 meters. The highest elevation is 910 meters in gunziping, the lowest is 201 meters in Binjiang Road, and the relative elevation difference between the north and the south is 115 meters.

climate

The whole town belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate area in the northern hemisphere, with mild climate, abundant rainfall, sufficient sunshine and four distinct seasons. The average temperature in Baisha area is 17.9 ℃, the frost free period is 340 days, the average annual rainfall is 1030 mm, and the average annual sunshine is 1273 hours.

administrative division

In May 2004, gaowu Township, Jizi Township, sankou Township, Hekou Township, Gaozhan Town, tanpan town and egong town were merged into Baisha Town. Baisha Town has jurisdiction over 7 communities and 35 administrative villages, covering an area of 241km M2 (2017), with a permanent population of 129339 (2017), and is the most populous town in Chongqing.

Honor of Township

Baisha Town, as the most populous town in Chongqing, is known as "Tianfu town", "East Sichuan Cultural Town" and "Little Hong Kong". It is the first national deep-water port in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. It is also the economic, cultural, trade center and transportation hub of Northern Guizhou and Western Jiangjin. In 1984, it was listed as the pilot town of small town construction in Chongqing, and ranked seventh among the top 200 township enterprises in Sichuan Province in 1992; in 1995, it was listed as the pilot town of small town construction in China; in 2000, it was rated as the demonstration town of small town construction in Chongqing; in 2003, it was listed as one of the "hundred town project" town, one of the 45 regional central towns and one of the 100 key commercial and trade towns in Chongqing; in 2004, it was listed as the pilot town of small town construction in Chongqing It is listed as one of the pilot towns of key small town construction in Chongqing, and won the title of national key technology research and demonstration town of small city in 2006, and is identified as one of the two regional central small cities by Jiangjin district. In 2010, Baisha Town of Jiangjin District won the title of "famous historical and cultural town of China". In 2012, it was listed as the pilot town of administrative system reform of economically developed towns in China.

Folk customs

Baisha Town is rich in folk cultural activities, including Sichuan Opera, quyi, playing and singing, storytelling and various artistic performances. From the group performance, drama creation, repertoire, performance forms have considerable inheritance and development.

Folk customs include dragon boat racing in the Dragon Boat Festival and juggling in the Spring Festival

Chinese PinYin : Bai Sha Zhen