Yinan Museum of Han Tombs

Yinan Museum of Han Tombs

Yinan Han Tomb Museum is located in Beizhai village, three kilometers west of Yinan county. It is a special museum built on the basis of Yinan Beizhai tombs. It mainly shows people the tomb culture and unearthed relics of Beizhai tombs, and spreads the national culture of Han Dynasty. Beizhai Han tomb is a well preserved stone tomb of Han Dynasty, which is highly concerned by Chinese and foreign scholars. The museum was built in 1994 and officially opened to the public on April 1, 1996.

Introduction to the library

Yinan Han Tomb Museum is located in Beizhai village, three kilometers west of Yinan county. It is a special museum built on the basis of Yinan Beizhai tombs. It mainly shows people the tomb culture and unearthed relics of Beizhai tombs, and spreads the national culture of Han Dynasty. The museum is 66.4 meters long from north to South and 67.5 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of 4017.2 square meters. The museum has a tomb protection room and a cultural relics exhibition room. All the architectural shapes, integrating the style of antique and garden, are modeled after the buildings of the Eastern Han Dynasty, giving people a kind of experience of being in the time and being in the scene. Located in the north of the center of the museum, it is the well-known Beizhai Han Dynasty stone relief tomb (tomb No.1) with complete protection of the original site. The tomb has a large scale, complex structure, exquisite carvings and rich contents. It is a Han Dynasty stone relief tomb that has been found and preserved in China and is highly concerned by Chinese and foreign scholars.

Collection

All kinds of drama

This picture was unearthed in 1954. It can be divided into four parts from left to right. Acrobatic performance has become the main content: the first part is the performance of "Tiaowan nongjian" and "carrying pole". The skills of carrying pole are superb. One person has a long cross pole on his forehead, with three children hanging upside down. There are still seven discs at the foot of the pole lifter. Performers should look up and down, and their power and dexterity reach a very high level. The second part is the band. There are many kinds of musical instruments, such as chime, bell, Jian drum, Qin, Cuan, PaiXiao and so on, played by 15 people, which shows the grand occasion at that time. The third part is the drama of "Dao Shan Zou Suo" and "Yu Long man Yan". The former is thrilling, with one man standing on the top of the rope with the blade pointed upward on the ground and two people on each end performing on the rope, one is like waving a shooting star, the other is like holding a halberd with both hands. The latter is majestic, with both giant ichthyosaurs and big birds. The fourth part is the "circus" and "drum car" performance, immediately or handstand, or play meteor, people happy horse jump, superb skills; drum car is rumbling like the sound. These programs include hand skills, handstand, rope walking, pole jacking, horse skills, pole riding and so on.

Related cultural relics

On April 2, 2007, the Han Dynasty tomb in the old city of Yangdu in Yinan was basically cleaned up. Archaeological experts preliminarily concluded that it was a brick stone mixed Han Dynasty stone relief tomb in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In the front room of the Han tombs, there are relatively complete stone statues of Han Dynasty paintings, as well as pottery ear cups and five baht coins. In the process of cultural relics excavation, archaeologists successively found iron yuanyangxi Town, Taoer cup, wuzhu coin and other cultural relics. While clearing the soil between the East and West pillars of the front room, archaeologists found the pottery ear cup, which looks like a modern dish. In the Han Dynasty, it was a kind of wine vessel. The town of tieyuanyangxi was discovered when the archaeologists cleaned up the tomb soil. According to reports, there were no stools or chairs in the Han Dynasty. People in the Han Dynasty sat on the ground. The seat was the seat of the time. Seats often move when people get up and sit down, and they are easy to roll their corners. The function of seats is to hold them down at the four corners of seats.

Tomb relics

On October 16, 2008, the cultural relics department of Yinan County, Eastern Province, discovered the tombs of the Eastern Han Dynasty in zhuanbu town. In addition to a large number of cultural relics such as glazed pottery pots, there are also new discoveries. During the excavation and cleaning of tomb No. 1, archaeologists found many unique figures on the stone wall, with peculiar crowns and all the figures sitting cross legged. According to the Linyi cultural relics and Archaeology team, this kind of shape is not found in the pictures unearthed in the past, and historical materials have not been found yet. The identity of the characters in the pictures has become an archaeological mystery.

architectural composition

Tomb No.1

Tomb No. 1 sits north to South and is made of 280 pieces of prefabricated stone, including 42 stone reliefs and 73 portraits, covering an area of 44.2 square meters. The tomb is 8.7 meters long from north to South and 7.55 meters wide from east to west. It is composed of three main chambers, three side chambers in the East and two side chambers in the west, with a total of eight chambers. There are doors between rooms. The construction of the whole tomb chamber is made up of the ground, platform, pillars, walls, banners, central pillars, lintels, horizontal beams, corner stones, capping stones and so on. The construction technology is quite advanced. The tomb gate is 2.74 meters high and consists of lintel, banner and three columns in the East, West and middle. Portraits are engraved on the banners and columns of the door. The columns are engraved with auspicious images of Fuxi, Nuwa, East prince, West Queen Mother, Yuren and Yutu. The lintel banner shows a scene of war. The front chamber is two rooms wide and two rooms deep. It is 2.8 meters high from the ground to the top of the tomb. There are octagonal pillars in the chamber. At the top of the caisson are several square overlapped corner structure caissons made of stone bars, which are both beautiful and generous. There are many portraits in the front room, but the theme is sacrifice, which mainly shows the honor of the tomb owner after his death. They are distributed on the East, South and West banners. The solemn and devout mourners either bow or kneel to the ground, which shows the high official position of the tomb owner. On the four walls of the front chamber, the banners on the north wall and the octagonal Optimus Prime, there are images of exorcising ghosts, cutting drums, embracing comets, gods and auspicious omens. It is 3.12 meters high, two rooms wide and two rooms deep. It also has octagonal Optimus Prime. The content of the portraits in the middle room is more abundant, such as traveling by chariots and horses, enjoying the harvest feast, playing music and dancing, etc., which mainly shows the noble identity of the tomb owner and the rich and happy life. The four walls of the middle room are engraved with historical stories and historical figures such as Cangjie's writing, Weiji's plea for mercy, Yao Shun's abdication, Jingke's assassinating King Qin, Confucius's meeting Laozi, and 12 28 Chinese characters such as "Cangjie, Duke Huan of Qi, Weiji, suwu" on the list. These vivid and exquisite portraits are amazing. The back room is divided into two rooms by a bucket arch, with only one side room. It is obviously a toilet with a urinal. The style of the arch is the same as that of the central chamber, and the beam arch is also carved from a whole stone. The portraits distributed on the partition wall of the back room mainly describe the life in the boudoir of the owner of the tomb, including the picture of the maid holding the dowry and the picture of the servant washing.

The No.1 stone relief tomb in Yinan Han Tomb Museum is famous for its majestic spirit and strict structure, which shows that the architectural art of the Han Dynasty has reached a fairly high level. It is a collective work created by folk artists in Han Dynasty. It combines the architectural art, carving art and painting art of Han Dynasty to remove the rough and preserve the fine, and bring forth the new through the old. Tomb No. 1 was stolen in the early years. There are only a few broken pottery and bronze arrowheads. The name of the owner is unknown.

Tomb 2

Tomb No. 2 is to the South and east of tomb No. 1, 20 meters apart. It is a large brick and stone tomb in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Except for two auricular chambers and one posterior chamber, all the other chambers were damaged to varying degrees. After careful cleaning, more than 80 pieces of complete and recoverable pottery, stone, bronze, silver and more than 100 pieces of copper coins were unearthed, as well as traces of decayed iron knives and lacquerware. On the east side of the main station of Yinan Han Tomb Museum is a rubbings exhibition room with rubbings of No.1 tomb. The images are clear and the materials are rich, which makes it more convenient for people to visit. On the east side of the courtyard, there are 34 Han Dynasty stone reliefs collected from various places in Yinan, which include: traveling by chariots and horses, Dayu's flood control, auspicious birds and animals, etc.

Cultural value

The tomb is of high value. For the purpose of protection, the museum carpeted all the floors to prevent dust. The most shocking thing is the stone carving decoration of the whole tomb, in the form of relief and line carving, and the content involves some popular scenes in the tomb culture at that time, such as Yin and Yang, riding, cooking and banqueting, music and dance, etc. The stone carvings are well preserved, and the view is more and more exquisite. The technique of light relief and line carving shows the free and sound feeling of the author after he found the technique language at that time. There is a small room in the northeast of the tomb, which is about 20 cm long. It is the toilet of the dead in the underworld. The pit is exquisitely and meticulously made, which gives the whole tomb the flavor of fireworks.

The Museum of Han Tombs in Yinan is a special museum built on the basis of the stone carvings of the Han Dynasty in the north and South villages of Yinan. It mainly shows people the Han Tombs in Beizhai and the Han stone carvings unearthed in all parts of Yinan county. The Han Dynasty stone reliefs and other cultural relics in the museum are of high ornamental and research value, involving politics, economy, culture, military and Buddhism. It provides a lot of material materials for studying the history of Han Dynasty in Yinan and the distribution of Han Dynasty stone tombs.

Address: xibeizhai Village

Longitude: 118.423882

Latitude: 35.544937

Tel: 0539-3379400

Chinese PinYin : Yi Nan Han Mu Bo Wu Guan