Yimeng Mountain National Geopark

Shandong Yimeng Mountain National Geopark

synonym

Yimeng Mountain National Geopark generally refers to Shandong Yimeng Mountain National Geopark

Yimeng Mountain National Geopark is an area dominated by Mengshan scenic area. Mengshan is a national AAAAA tourist area, a National Forest Park, a national geopark, a provincial scenic spot, a world-famous health and longevity holy land, enjoying many honors such as the top ten most beautiful places in Shandong, the national youth civilization and so on. It has been selected as "China's famous summer resort list", the ninth most beautiful Geopark in China, the "top 30 national forest parks" and the top six Internet search in Shandong tourism storm list.

Yimeng Mountain National Geopark in Shandong Province is a comprehensive Geopark with multiple resources, which is composed of geological landforms, geological (including structural) sections, typical producing areas of gems, dinosaur footprints, hot springs and other geological relics. It consists of nine Parks: guimeng, Yunmeng, tianmeng, Caimeng, Menglianggu, Kimberley, Yimeng stone forest, Yishui cave and Junan tianfo. Mengshan is an ancient mountain and a profound "geoscience history book", which records the great changes of the earth in the past 2.8 billion years.

Yimeng Mountain National Geopark in Shandong Province is an "ecological park and Science Park" with multi-function and high scientific grade, such as popular science education, tourism, scientific research, leisure, cultural entertainment, health care and medical treatment.

geographical environment

The park mainly involves Pingyi, Mengyin, Feixian, Yinan, Yishui and Junan, with 18 townships and hundreds of scenic spots. The main parks and scenic spots are distributed along the Mengshan mountains and the Yishu Fault Zone. With Mengshan as the main body, Yimeng Mountain National Geopark is one of the best exposed areas of Archean Granite Series in North China and even in the whole country, and is also the hometown of diamonds in China. At the same time, it also includes the Yishui karst cave group, Junan dinosaur footprints fossils, Tangtou hot spring and other geological relics distributed along the Yishu Fault. It is a comprehensive Geopark with many kinds of geological relics resources.

Formation and evolution

Mengshan is an ancient mountain, a profound "geological history book" and a natural geological museum with rich contents. It records the great changes of the earth in the past 2.8 billion years. Mengshan area was a stable landmass 2.8 billion years ago. During the 2.8-2.75 billion years ago, a wide area of sea basin was formed by the action of the earth rift. Magma erupted and spilled along the rift and received deposition, forming volcanic sedimentary rock series. This is the oldest rock in Qilu - Taishan Group. In the following 250 million years, Mengshan area experienced two large-scale magmatic intrusions, "engulfed" the Taishan Group, forming the Mengshan suite of Fuping period and the Yishan suite of Wutai period; in the past 2.5-2.3 billion years, Mengshan area experienced the third large-scale magmatic intrusions, forming the aolaishan suite monzogranite of Luliang period, metasomatizing or capturing the Taishan Group and the first two magmatic rocks. During 2.3-8 billion years ago, the Mengshan landmass experienced the compression of tectonic movement and small-scale magmatic activity, and was in the period of uplift and denudation. Since 800 million years ago, Mengshan area has experienced transgression and regression and continental volcanic activity. Until 30 million years ago, affected by the Himalayan movement, the Mengshan fault moved again, and the main body of the Mengshan mountain was uplifted and denuded, finally dominating the land of Qilu.

In the long history of hundreds of millions of years, Yimeng mountain area has created colorful geological relics. Along the Mengshan mountains are widely distributed rocks formed by three large-scale magmatic intrusions: gneissic tonalite, gneissic granodiorite and monzonitic granite, which constitute the main body of Mengshan. Mengshan is one of the best exposed areas of Archean tTG granitic Series in North China and even in China. The Neoproterozoic Niulan diabase vein, which was formed in 1.7-1.5 billion years ago, is also named in Mengshan, which is the most typical area of magmatic intrusion in China. There is a huge paleotectonic belt in China, which was formed around 2.6 billion years ago and has experienced many magmatic activities and tectonic compression for a long time. It extends hundreds of kilometers from northwest to Southeast and is 2 to 9 kilometers wide. The Yishu Fault Zone and its adjacent Mesozoic subvolcanic rocks and intrusive rock traces in the East, and the hot spring geothermal traces along the line are important evidences for studying the tectonic movement and plate subduction collision orogenic process in the southeast margin of the North China plate. Junan dinosaur footprints were formed in the Cretaceous period 120 million years ago. The stone iron meteorite here, weighing 4 tons, is a rare Empirical Study on the evolution of celestial bodies.

Geology and geomorphology

Yishui karst cave

Yishui karst cave is developed in the Algae Limestone of tongjiazhuang formation of Neoproterozoic Tumen group and the limestone of zhusadong formation of Paleozoic Changqing group on the West Bank of Yihe River. It is rare in northern China because of its large scale, complete types and quantity of secondary chemical sediments, and large flow of underground river. The northern Junan area is located at the junction of Tanlu fault zone and Sulu orogenic belt Trace fossils are the only dinosaur footprints in the province and rare in the world, which are of great significance to the study of crustal movement, magmatic activity and paleontological evolution in eastern China since Mesozoic.

Yimenggu

"Gu" is a special geomorphic landscape in Yimeng mountain area, which is recognized by experts as a new geomorphic type after "Danxia landform", "Zhangjiajie landform", "Zhangshiyan landform" and "karst landform". Its top is flat and open, and the cliffs around the peak are sharp. The slope below the cliffs is from steep to gentle, like a hill with a flat hat. According to the most representative feature of daigu town in Mengyin County, experts named this landform "daigu landform".

The origin of yimenggu is mainly due to the vertical dislocation of the earth's crust and the gradual evolution after millions of years of weathering and erosion. However, there is a legend among the masses that "Gu" was originally planted by the Jade Emperor in the Yimeng mountain area by 72 Optimus pillars. Because the Dragon sons and grandsons of the Sea Dragon King often climbed up to the heaven along the pillars to harass the palace maids of the Jade Emperor, the Jade Emperor was angry and cut off Optimus pillars with his sword, leaving 72 pillars, which gradually evolved into the "72 Gu" in today's Yimeng mountain area .

Although the geomorphic form of "Gu" can be seen sporadically in other places, the phenomenon of large-scale concentrated distribution of "Gu group" like Yimeng mountain area is not only unique in China, but also very rare in the world. They are all over the land of Yimeng with a radius of 800 Li. There are hundreds of them large and small, and the most famous one is "72 Gu".

Shizigu

Shizigu is located 1.5 kilometers northwest of Yuhuangding in Yishan mountain. It was originally named biangu or Qingya. From one side, it looks like a lion lying on his back and whistling. Shizigu and waitougu stand side by side in the East and West, echoing each other from afar. Together with huazhitai, shizigu and waitougu constitute the most distinctive geological and natural landscape in Yishan scenic area.

Shizigu is 950 meters above sea level. Its top is round, with huge stones standing. It is naked and surrounded by emeralds. From a distance, it looks like a lion lying on its back. It is so lifelike that it is known as the No.1 lion in the world. Shizigu is surrounded by cliffs, especially on the east slope, with deep cliffs and streams. On the west side, there are jagged rocks, evergreen pines and cypresses, and many trees. There is a huge stone, like an old woman, dignified, like worshiping a lion, seeking peace for the people.

The beauty of shizigu lies not only in its nearsightedness. When you climb on it, you can not only look at the magical sight of the crooked head like an eagle falcon, but also turn huihuigu into a vivid picture of Nuwa's childbirth.

Black tuyere

The underground karst cave group of heituizhou Yishui is developed in the Neoproterozoic Tumen group algal limestone formed 800-600 million years ago and the Paleozoic Cambrian limestone formed 543 million years ago. It is rare in Jiangbei area that the scale of karst cave, the variety and quantity of secondary chemical sediments and the discharge of underground river are large.

diamond

Yimeng Mountain is a rich mountain. Mengshan diamond is the earliest primary diamond mine found in China, with the largest particle size and high grade, ranking first in China. Mengshan is a real home of diamonds in China. From 500 to 450 million years ago, mantle derived magma intruded along the nearly NS trending fault zone in Mengshan area, forming the parent rock of diamond deposit, changmazhuang kimberlite. Mengshan I diamond, which was discovered in 1983, weighs 119.01 carats and is the largest diamond in China.

Granite peak

Mengshan mountain is a towering granite peak. Under the influence of neotectonic movement, there are many granite peaks with an altitude of more than 500 meters. Guimengding, tianmengding, yunmengfeng and other peaks have deep valleys and magnificent mountains. Yingwo peak, daoshan, Dawang and other precipices have a relative height difference of more than 100 meters. The main rock of Majishan is Mesozoic syenogranite, which formed Canyon and cliff due to fault activity. There are four wonders, four oddities, four dangers and four beauties in mountain, stone, peak and scenery. Makou stone is as high as 100 meters. The cliff is as sharp as a chip. The huge stone is like Makou. It roars up to the sky. The mountain wind blows by. The dense reeds on the huge stone shake in the wind, like the mane of horses. This is the name of Maji mountain. The main peak is 1156 meters above sea level, extending 75 kilometers from northwest to Southeast. Mengshan mountain is high and strong, with majestic and abrupt mountains, deep valleys and steep cliffs. There are 14 peaks above 1000 meters above sea level and 30 peaks above 300 meters above sea level

Chinese PinYin : Yi Meng Shan Guo Jia Di Zhi Gong Yuan