Memorial Hall of Xi'an Office of the Eighth Route Army

Memorial Hall of Xi'an Office of the Eighth Route Army

The former site of Xi'an Office of the Eighth Route Army is qixianzhuang, Beixin street, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. After the peaceful settlement of the Xi'an Incident, the Communist Party of China set up the Red Army liaison office here, which was changed into the office of the Eighth Route Army in Xi'an in September 1937. The main tasks are: to carry out united front work, to transport progressive youth to Yan'an, and to transfer war materials for the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region and the front. Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Peng Dehuai, Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping came here many times to guide their work. After Chiang Kai Shek launched an all-out civil war in June 1946, his office was withdrawn to Yan'an in September. In 1988, the State Council of the people's Republic of China announced it as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Introduction to the library

The memorial hall of Xi'an Office of the Eighth Route Army was built in 1959. When it was first built, there were five courtyards, including reception room, salvation room, reception room, housing, warehouse, kitchen, radio room, translation room, confidential room and the former sites of Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and other important leaders of the Communist Party of China. There are more than 460 cultural relics, 525 materials, 623 memoirs and 3000 photos in the museum. It records the history of Xi'an Office of the Eighth Route Army as a "red fort", "Red Army station" and "Red Bridge" from 1936 to 1946. The memorial hall of Xi'an Office of the Eighth Route Army is located in qixianzhuang, where the office of the Eighth Route Army in Shaanxi was engaged in revolutionary activities.

Qixianzhuang is located in the east of Beixin street in Xi'an. It was built in the winter of 1934 and invested by the Bank of Shaanxi Province for real estate business. It was completed in the spring of 1936 and covers an area of 13600 square meters. It is composed of ten I-shaped courtyards with the same appearance, slightly different layout and brick wood structure. The building complex is a group of antique style quadrangles with exquisite layout and rigorous structure, which has the architectural style of high-grade residential buildings in northern China. Mr. Cheng Bairen, a well-known figure in Xi'an, borrowed the biography of "Seven Sages in Bamboo Grove" from Jin Dynasty, and wrote a book about Qixian village, which was inlaid in the first gate of the village.

historical background

The memorial hall of Xi'an Office of the Eighth Route Army is located in qixianzhuang, Beixin street, Xi'an. From 1936 to 1946, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China set up secret transportation station, Red Army liaison office and the Eighth Route Office of the National Revolutionary Army in Shaanxi.

Qixianzhuang was built in the winter of 1934 and completed in the spring of 1936. It covers an area of 13600 square meters and consists of 10 "I" shaped, civil structure bungalow courtyards arranged from west to East. It is named after the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Grove" in the book of Jin. Cheng Bairen, a famous cultural figure at that time, inscribed the book "Seven Sages village" at the head of the village.

In October 1935, when the red army arrived in Northern Shaanxi during the Long March, medical equipment and medicines were very scarce. Zhou Enlai assigned Liu Ding, the Liaison Representative of our party who worked beside Zhang Xueliang, to set up a secret transportation station in Xi'an.

At the turn of spring and summer in 1936, Liu Ding came to qixianzhuang, which was to be rented soon after its completion. Because it was close to the railway station and it was convenient to transport materials to Yan'an, he rented the No.1 Hospital of qixianzhuang with 200 silver dollars. Under the cover of German DENTIST DOCTOR Wenqi fenghaibo dental clinic, the secret transportation station began to buy and transfer medical equipment and communication equipment for Yan'an Make. At the same time, Liu Ding also asked Tu zuochao, an underground staff member, to install a radio station refitted from an electronic tube radio in the basement of No. 1 hospital, to undertake the task of secret communication and spread the voice of the CPC Central Committee to all parts of the country.

After the peaceful settlement of the Xi'an Incident in 1936, the "secret traffic station" was changed into a semi open "Red Army Liaison Office".

On February 6, 1937, Zhou Enlai, the representative of the Communist Party of China, moved back from Zhang Xueliang's residence to the first courtyard of qixianzhuang, and formally established the Red Army Liaison Office (also known as the Northwest Office of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army). After consulting with Gu Zhutong and Yang Hucheng, the sign of "communication training class of the 38th training team of the 17th Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army" was put up outside the door. Ye Jianying presided over the work, and Li Kenong and Li Tao successively served as the Secretary General. The main task is to develop the trinity of liaison and unity among the Northeast Army, the northwest army and the Red Army, and promote the early establishment of the Anti Japanese national united front with the Kuomintang and the Communist Party as the core.

On July 7, 1937, the Lugouqiao Incident broke out and the Anti Japanese war began. In order to fight for the Kuomintang's resistance against Japan, the Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and the Red Army liaison office was changed into the "Office of the Eighth Route Army in Shaanxi".

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the Kuomintang launched a full-scale civil war, and the office was forced to withdraw to Yan'an in September 1946.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the party and the government attached great importance to the protection of this revolutionary site, and established a memorial here in 1959. In 1988, the museum was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit. The memorial hall is now open to the public, including the original restoration display of No. 1 courtyard of qixianzhuang, the basic display of No. 3 courtyard, the "great woman - Helen snowson flat Exhibition" of No. 4 courtyard, the "eternal monument - historical exhibition of the national Eighth Route Army Office" of No. 8 courtyard and the "Xi'an historical exhibition hall of the Communist Party of China".

Since the establishment of the "eight office" in Xi'an, party and state leaders Lin Boqu, Zhu De, Dong Biwu, Ye Jianying, Deng Yingchao, Li Ruihuan, Chen Muhua, Li Tieying and Zeng Qinghong have all personally visited the memorial hall to guide the work.

Although the former revolutionary site of qixianzhuang has experienced more than half a century, the buildings and houses still have become an important classroom for the masses, especially the teenagers, to carry out revolutionary tradition education and patriotism education. Since its establishment 44 years ago, the museum has received nearly ten million visitors from home and abroad. It has become an important base for patriotism education and revolutionary tradition education for the broad masses of the people, especially young people.

In 1984, the main buildings of No. 1 hospital were renovated on a large scale, and some of the buildings in No. 3 and No. 4 hospital were strengthened and repaired. Until 2010, all 10 courtyards in qixianzhuang had been recovered.

Over the years, the party and the government have been very concerned about the construction of the "eight office" and have given high honor to the role of the memorial hall in the construction of socialist spiritual civilization.

In 1994, the memorial was awarded the advanced unit of patriotism education in Shaanxi Province by the provincial Party committee and the provincial government; in 1995, it was awarded the excellent patriotism education base of the national cultural relics system by the State Administration of cultural relics.

In 1996, it was awarded the "national patriotism education base for primary and secondary schools" by six ministries and commissions of the state; in 1996, it was named the provincial civilized unit by the provincial Party committee and the provincial government; in early 1997, it was named the "national 100 patriotism education demonstration base" by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee; it has maintained the title of provincial civilized unit for eight consecutive years.

In 2006, it was listed as one of the "100 red tourism classic scenic spots in China". In 2011, it was rated as national AAA scenic spot.

The origin of the exhibition hall

The Eighth Route Office of the National Revolutionary Army in Shaanxi is an open office established by the Communist Party of China and the Eighth Route Army in Xi'an under the jurisdiction of the Kuomintang. It is the product of the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Qixianzhuang Eighth Route Army Office is the earliest, longest and most influential Office of all the Eighth Route Army and New Fourth Army offices in China. Taking advantage of its special political position and geographical position, the "West Office" has done a lot of work in maintaining and promoting the development of the national anti Japanese movement, publicizing the party's Anti Japanese ideas, carrying out united front work, collecting, purchasing and transferring materials for the Eighth Route Army, organizing patriotic youth to go to Yan'an, and making great contributions to the victory of the Chinese people's Anti Japanese war. During this period, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Peng Dehuai, Ye Jianying, Deng Xiaoping, Lin Boqu and Dong Biwu, the main leaders of the Communist Party of China and the Eighth Route Army, have stayed in the office for many times and guided their work.

Architectural design

The former site includes No.1, No.3, No.4 and No.7 courtyard of qixianzhuang, which was built in 1936. No.1 courtyard is the main office location, 82 meters long from north to South and 17 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of more than 1300 square meters. It is composed of two courtyard with the same size and structure from north to south. The building is a brick and wood structure bungalow, a hard mountain top, Adobe core and brick wall. One gate is set in the south, one gate in the West and one gate in the north.

No.1 courtyard is a combined quadrangle courtyard. On the left and right sides of the courtyard are the reception room and the mail room. On the East and west sides of the first courtyard are the reception room, the staff's living room, the living room, the office and the basement. The middle courtyard is the kitchen and the storeroom. On the back two courtyard are the radio room, the translation room, the confidential room and the salvation room (for entertainment). Leaders of the CPC Central Committee, Lin Boqu, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai, Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping, have all lived in the office. Now some of the rooms have been restored to their original appearance. There are also important documents, manuscripts, books, photos and objects on display.

The main buildings of the two courtyards are in horizontal "I" shape, with five rooms wide from east to west and six rooms deep from north to south. The ground inside the house is 80 cm above the ground surface, and there is a basement under it. 3、 No. 4 and No. 7 hospitals are arranged to the East in the order of No. 2, No. 5 and No. 6 hospitals, and the structure is basically the same as that of No. 1 hospital. 2、 No. 4 hospital is the living room of the subordinate departments and staff of the office, and No. 7 hospital is the guest house.

Basic Display

Site of Xi'an Office of the Eighth Route Army

It is located in qixianzhuang, Beixin street, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. It was an office of our party and our army in Xi'an under the jurisdiction of the Kuomintang from 1936 to 1946. It was the earliest Office of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army in the whole country. It persisted in the struggle for the longest time and had the greatest influence. After the end of the Agrarian Revolutionary War, the whole Anti Japanese period and the early liberation war. Its establishment is the product of the Anti Japanese national united front of the Communist Party of China. Its glorious history has been recorded in the history of the Chinese revolution.

Chinese PinYin : Ba Lu Jun1 Xi An Ban Shi Chu Ji Nian Guan