Taierzhuang ancient city

Taierzhuang ancient city is a famous Anti Japanese War city with the most remains of World War II. It is known as the "invincible place of the Chinese nation". There are three kilometers of ancient canals in the city in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which are called "living canals" by world tourism experts, and "the only Heritage Village of the Beijing Hangzhou canal". It is the only ancient oriental water city in China, with seven kilometers of ancient water streets and alleys, which can be swayed by boats Travel all over the city. The Taierzhuang war on April 8, 1938 made the ancient city into ruins. On May 1, 2010, Taierzhuang officially opened.

Taking the Grand Canal of Taierzhuang as the cultural axis, Taierzhuang ancient city has designed and rebuilt eight scenic spots, namely Guandi Temple scenic spot, Ximen Anlan scenic spot, Zhufu village scenic spot, Yunhe market scenic spot, Banqiao huamenlou scenic spot, shuijieshang scenic spot, mosque jiulongkou scenic spot and Taierzhuang wet land park.

Taierzhuang ancient city

Taierzhuang ancient city, located in the center of Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal, is located at the junction of Taierzhuang District, Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province and the four provinces of Shandong, Jiangsu, Henan and Anhui. The ancient city began in the Qin and Han Dynasties, developed in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is known as "the best village in the world" (granted by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty).

Covering an area of 2 square kilometers, the ancient city has 11 functional divisions, 8 scenic spots and 29 scenic spots. It is the largest ancient city in China.

As a national AAAAA tourist attraction, it has the reputation of "the most beautiful water town in China".

Taierzhuang ancient city is called "the living ancient canal" by the world tourism organization and "the only Heritage Village of Beijing Hangzhou canal". Taierzhuang ancient city has ancient river course, ancient wharf, Chinese ancient water city, Taierzhuang war memorial hall, cross-strait exchange base, and Warsaw, the capital of Poland, are the only two cities in the world that were rebuilt as world cultural heritage due to the destruction of World War II artillery.

In February 2020, in order to pay tribute to the medical workers who are struggling in the front line of anti epidemic, the scenic spot will implement a free and preferential policy for medical workers from the date of resumption of operation to December 31, 2020.

Historical evolution

Origin of ancient city

In the pre Qin period, the area belonged to the states of Xu, Biyang, etc., and was the place of disputes among the powers of Wu, Yue, Lu, song, Qi and Chu. Archaeology has confirmed that the old city of Biyang, which was more than 2000 years ago, is an ancient water city, and it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit in 2006. During the Qin, Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, the canal belonged to Fuyang and Lanling counties. Yongjia Nandu, Fuyang County merged into LV County, later renamed Shouzhang county. After the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Fuyang's hometown was changed to Chengxian county. Since the Sui Dynasty, Cheng County merged Lanling County, later known as Lanling County, Yizhou and Yixian.

In the Tang Dynasty, the tais established a village here, which was called taijiazhuang. Located outside the north gate, zhuntige, built in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, is the oldest building in the history of Taierzhuang.

During the Northern Song Dynasty, di Qing, Su Shi and others successively presided over the large-scale development of Xuzhou (formerly known as Pengcheng) Liguo iron ore. Taierzhuang was close to the water and began to undertake the function of iron ore export. So far, it was known as penghe, commonly known as yuntiehe, Xinhe and zhongfangou.

During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, when the Beijing Hangzhou canal was diverted from the Yellow River and passed through Taierzhuang, it borrowed the penghe River to open the canal.

In the Yuan Dynasty, earthen dykes were first built. There were Sanhuang temple, Xuandi temple and other buildings in the city, gradually forming a market town, known as "taijiazhuangzi".

At the end of Ming Dynasty, there were 2000 households in taijiazhuang, and the name "Taierzhuang" came into being. It was found on the canal defense monument in huanglinzhuang, Southeast of Taierzhuang on Yangzhou road in 1639.

Due to the influence of the diversion of the Yellow River, during the yuan and Ming Dynasties, the Beijing Hangzhou canal was once transported by the Yellow River from Xuzhou to Huai'an. However, the Yellow River often overflows, resulting in water transport often blocked, so there is the so-called "kaijikou river far from the river" kaijiyun motion. In 1570, Weng Dali initiated the opening ceremony, and in 1600, it was officially put into trial operation under the leadership of Liu Dongxing. After the 38th year of Wanli (1610), he River completely replaced the Yellow River as the economic lifeline and golden waterway of the country.

Historically, the water level at the downstream of the canal in Taierzhuang section is 21 meters lower than that at the mouth of Weishan Lake. The water source is mainly from Weishan Lake. When the river was opened, eight locks were set up to control the water flow. Taizhuang lock is located on the south canal of Taierzhuang, which is the first lock for the water transport ship going north to Beijing from Jiangsu to Shandong. The establishment of Taizhuang sluice has gathered a large number of people and logistics, provided opportunities for business transactions, promoted the rapid rise of Taierzhuang's social economy, and developed into a strategic place for guarding Lunan and Gongwei Xuzhou, and a flood and drought wharf connecting the north and the South and converging merchants.

Taierzhuang used to be the residence of wangmushang society in Qipeng township of she county. In the 34th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1604), based on the needs of the defense, maintenance and management of the Beijing Hangzhou canal in Taierzhuang section, Cao shipinzou, then governor of the river, asked to set up postal posts, set up military patrols, increase river officials and set up government offices along the canal. Taierzhuang began to become a regional central city. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, five river management organizations were set up in this reach, including the general River Department, dongyandao, sheheting, Yixun and taizhuangzha. Military organizations were set up in Taierzhuang, such as the inspection department in Taierzhuang, Yizhou zhenbiaojianying (later changed to taizhuangying) and taizhuangzha flood. They were zhengsanpin general, zhengwupin garrison, zhengliupin general, zhengqipinba general, zhengbapin county chief, zhengbapin external Commission General and zhengba general Officials at all levels, such as Jiupin inspection envoys, were stationed here.

In 1647, the Earth City of Taierzhuang was built and completed the next year. The city is built by the canal, 1.1 km long from east to west and 1 km wide from north to south. Xianfeng seven years (1857), because of the old foundation of the new brick wall. At the bottom of the new city wall is an earthen platform with a height of 4 meters and a crenel built on it. The wall is inclined inward from the bottom. Adobe is built inside the brick wall, which is nearly 3 meters wide. There are six Gates: the east gate is Yangsheng, the west gate is Taicheng Jiuzhi, the north gate is Zhongzheng, the small north gate is Chengen Zhanlu, the south gate is huidiji, and the small south gate is Yingxiang. The East, West, South and north gates are each built with two-story gatehouses, about 7 meters high. There are watchtowers on the top and passageways on the bottom. It is feasible to use carts. The moat is 9 meters outside the city wall, 10 meters wide, 2 meters deep and 5.7 kilometers in circumference. Before the war of Taierzhuang, there were 8 streets, 13 docks, 437 alleys, 5000 families and 20000 houses in the ancient city.

In 1938, during the Anti Japanese War, because of the Taierzhuang war, the ancient city was turned into ruins.

Reconstruction of ancient city

From May 22 to 24, 2006, Zaozhuang Municipal People's Government participated in the seminar on the protection and application for world heritage of the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal held in Hangzhou. Members of the delegation and representatives of 18 cities of six provinces (municipalities) along the Grand Canal passed the Hangzhou Declaration on the protection and application for world heritage of the Grand Canal.

On April 8, 2008, in commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Taierzhuang war, Zaozhuang Municipal People's government officially announced the start of the reconstruction of Taierzhuang ancient city. After that, the rescue and protection organization of the ancient city was set up to carry out the preliminary material collection. This paper makes a comprehensive and in-depth investigation on the streets, wharves, revetments and buildings of the ancient city, takes photos of all the existing historical sites and old buildings, classifies and preserves them, comprehensively finds out the eight architectural styles of European architecture, Huizhou architecture, northern architecture, Jiangsu and Zhejiang architecture, Shanshan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian, and forms systematic photos and text materials. Focus on Taishan palace, Wenchang Pavilion, new Guandi temple, Sanguan temple, Yuhuang Pavilion, Dawang temple, Longwang temple, luzu temple, old Guandi temple, Huo temple, zhuntige temple, Dongyue Tianqi temple, Tiefo temple, Cang temple, Shiba Luohan temple, North South mosque, Gaomiao, Balai temple, Jiulong temple and other temples, master and determine the building location, architectural style, architectural art and architectural style in detail Layout, drawing part of the building plan. In the form of reading abstract, online collection, on-the-spot shooting and door-to-door collection, we collected and sorted out more than 500 reference pictures and more than 20000 words of text materials for the construction of various ancient cities, such as Shuijie Shuixiang, GuJie lane, ancient residential buildings, ancient bridges, pleasure boats, memorial archways and ancient lamps, and drew, collected and sorted more than 20 drawings related to the water system, land use, demolition, power supply, heat supply and water supply of the ancient city The book is compiled, printed and bound to provide basis and reference for the restoration and construction of the ancient canal city.

On December 17, 2009, with the approval of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the CPC Central Committee, the first mainland cross-strait exchange base was set up in the ancient city of Taierzhuang, and the inaugural meeting and unveiling ceremony were held.

On May 1, 2010, Taierzhuang officially opened. On May 4, Lien Chan, honorary chairman of Taiwan's Kuomintang, came to Taierzhuang ancient city to lay the foundation for Fuxing building.

On May 12, 2011, Wu Boxiong, honorary chairman of Taiwan's Chinese Kuomintang, attended the opening ceremony of Taierzhuang ancient city. On June 19, Li Changchun, then member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, inspected the ancient city of Taierzhuang. On September 10, the National Intangible Cultural Heritage Expo Park was located in Taierzhuang ancient city. On December 28, Taierzhuang ancient city was listed as China's first national cultural heritage park by the State Administration of cultural relics. On September 16, Jia Qinglin, then member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and chairman of the CPPCC National Committee, visited the ancient city of Taierzhuang.

On August 6, 2012, the State Copyright Administration decided to build a national copyright trade base in Taierzhuang, Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province. On November 22, Taierzhuang ancient city was officially approved as a national 5A scenic spot by the national scenic spot quality rating committee. On December 7, Cai Wu, Vice Minister of the propaganda department and Minister of culture of the CPC Central Committee, and sun Shougang, member of the Standing Committee of the provincial Party committee and Minister of propaganda of the CPC Central Committee, jointly gave a speech to Taier

Chinese PinYin : Tai Er Zhuang Gu Cheng