Tianlong Tunpu

Tianlong Tunpu is located in the deep mountains of Western Guizhou. Since Yuan Dynasty, it has been the main road to Yunnan, so it is known as the "throat of Yunnan". In the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang transferred north to Zhennan, and it became the military garrison of Ming Dynasty. The soldiers came from the Han nationality in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and a large number of Han craftsmen and civilians moved here from Nanjing, Jiangxi and Anhui After 600 years of baptism, we still abide by the Han culture and customs handed down from generation to generation. When you walk into Tunpu, you will find that the closed geographical environment makes the people here still maintain the 600 year old tradition of the Ming Dynasty. The scenic spot is divided into two parts. One is on the mountain, with the remains of Wu Sangui. One is Tunpu. Tunpu is not big, and it is not very beautiful. In the past, there were few people, but it was a rare peace.

Tianlong Tunpu

Tianlong Tunpu ancient town is located in Pingba District, Anshun City, western Guizhou Province, with karst landform deep in the mountains. There are Tiantai Mountain and Longyan mountain, 72 kilometers away from Guiyang city. Located in the throat of Yunnan Province, Tunpu people's voice, costumes, residential buildings and entertainment are quite different from the surrounding villages. This unique Han culture phenomenon is called "Tunpu culture", one of the most representative is Tianlong Tunpu. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was an important post on the famous Shun Yuan ancient post road in history, named "Fanlong post". In the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang transferred north to Zhennan, where a large number of soldiers came from the Han nationality in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. At the beginning of this century, they were renamed "Tianlong Tunpu" by the local Confucian scholars.

Introduction to Tunpu

Walking into Tianlong Tunpu is like walking into an alley of dreams. The war 600 years ago has gone with the years. The village in spring is smart. On the day we arrived, a group of 200 people came from Guiyang. The girl in Tunpu was speaking Mandarin to explain the story of Tunpu and the legacy of Ming Dynasty. The tour guides in the scenic spot are all rural girls from Tianlong, who have become a highlight of local farmers' participation in tourism.

There is a doggerel among Tunpu villagers: the house in this village, the door in Yunshan village, and the "model" of Tianlong. The so-called "model" refers to the tourism development mode of Tianlong. On March 5, 2007, Zheng Jinxian, President of Tianlong farmers' Tourism Association, said in an interview: "the farmers of Tianlong farmers' Tourism Association went to his home a few days ago and asked to participate in the tourism." Now the company has the intention to introduce farmers into the market.

Tianlong Tunpu ancient town is located in the throat of Yunnan Province. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was the famous Shun Yuan ancient post road. Tianlong Tunpu ancient town was the first post station on Shun Yuan ancient post road, named Fanlong post. Because of its important military geographical location, it has been garrisoning troops here and around since the Ming Dynasty. Today, it is still like Gang, and it is still an important garrison area. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, fan Chengxun, the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, was ordered to implement the policy of "returning the native land to the local people". Tianlong Tunpu ancient town was renamed "fanlongpu". Due to the importance of its geographical location, it was still a post station and an important place for garrison troops of the Qing Dynasty.

Tianlong Tunpu cultural tourism area consists of two main tourist attractions, Tiantai Mountain Scenic Area and Tianlong Tunpu scenic area, which are distributed within 6 square kilometers of Tianlong Town, Pingba County.

Tiantai Mountain is like a ridge of stone standing in Tianchou. Although the mountain is not high, it is steep and straight into the blue sky. It's like a tower in the sky, so it's named. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, zhuoxi Tiantai, a monk of baiyun temple, built Wulong temple on a wooden and stone frame according to the mountain like terrain. It is known as the "masterpiece of stone" and is now a key national protection unit. Most of the buildings in Tiantai Mountain are stone castles. At the beginning of its construction, it had a strong military character. Later, with the passage of time, the military character weakened. Tiantai Mountain has become a holy land of incense, which integrates Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism. Walking into Tiantai Mountain is like walking into a magical plant kingdom. It has more than 3000 kinds of plants, with vines covering the sun and camphors soaring into the sky. There are many legends about Tiantai Mountain. Wu Sangui paid a visit to his Uncle Wu Feng and stayed in Wulong temple with Chen Yuanyuan. Now there is a sword, a court dress and a plaque in Wulong temple. When you stand on the mountain peak, you can see the range rover on the rooftop, and you can feel the sigh of the coming of the peaks.

In order to strengthen his rule in Southwest China, Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Ming Dynasty, built forts and garrisoned troops here. Today's Tunpu people are the descendants of soldiers who moved from the mainland hundreds of years ago. For more than 600 years, they still inherited the life customs and cultural customs of Ming Dynasty. Tunpu people's word Tunpu is actually two concepts - "Tunpu" refers to the military garrison, the place where the army delivers letters, receives officials and their families, and "Tunpu" refers to the place where businessmen and ordinary people live. There you can see the fortress groups and towering blockhouses that build strong fortresses. Keep triangular observation windows in different directions of the blockhouse. It's still in good condition, standing upright. Up to now, there are still traces of the old war on the ancient castle. Tunpu villages mostly follow the architectural form of stone villages with the charm of Jiangnan Water Town. For hundreds of years, the times have been changing, but the Tunpu people have tenaciously adhered to the traditions of their ancestors and maintained the culture of the Ming Dynasty.

Original name

Tianlong was originally named Fanlong. At the beginning of this century, some famous local Confucians of Tianlong felt that the word "Fanlong" in fanlongpu was indecent. They proposed to take the word "Tian" in Tiantai Mountain and the word "long" in Longyan mountain as the name of the village. This is the origin of the word "Tianlong" in Tianlong Tunpu town.

Tunpu history

The earliest history of China's garrison can be traced back to Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty. At that time, Emperor Wen recruited a large number of immigrants to garrison the frontier in order to enrich the border forces. Emperor Wu and Emperor Xuan of Han used the army to garrison the land. Emperor Wen's "recruiting people to reinforce the border" was the beginning of the garrison, and Emperor Wu and Emperor Xuan's Army garrison the land was the ancestor of the garrison. In 1382, Zhu Yuanzhang approved Fu Youde's memorial to garrison in the field and ordered the army to garrison in the field. Today, it is of great and far-reaching significance for us to trace the historical footprints of tuntian southwest in Ming Dynasty. Many experts on Tunpu culture point out that the Ming government's tuntian in the southwest can be regarded as the first real development of Guizhou and Yunnan, Because of the Ming government's garrison in the southwest, Guizhou perfected the feudal administrative system and laid the foundation for the establishment of a province. Only in 1413 did Guizhou establish a province, which was "independent" and no longer under the jurisdiction of Yunnan, Sichuan and other provinces.

After Zhu Yuanzhang conquered the king of Liang and the chieftain, In order to "consolidate the country forever", the policy of "garrison the border" was adopted, and the "garrison system" was established. Garrisons were set up in the grain producing areas and passes on both sides of the ancient post roads in Yunnan and Guizhou, and soldiers were sent to garrison and garrison. After the Ming army captured Puding on December 11, 1381, the Ming army ordered Anlu Marquis Wu Fu to build the city. In February 1382, the Puding garrison was built Gu Cheng served as the "commander" of the highest military officer. The Puding garrison consists of five thousand garrisons on the left, middle and right, each of which has 1120 soldiers. The chief officer calls them thousand garrisons: each thousand garrisons has 10 hundred garrisons, each of which has 114 soldiers. The chief officer calls them hundred garrisons; the hundred garrisons have two general flags, each of which has five small flags. The small flag leads 10 soldiers, and each Garrison has 5600 soldiers. According to the regulations of the Ming army, 5600 soldiers are 5600 families. The families of these soldiers who were recruited to the South voluntarily and were forced to join the army. The Army garrison is the earliest form of garrison in the southwest of the Ming Dynasty. After the establishment of juntun, compared with many chieftain forces in Yunnan and Guizhou, it was still in a weak position and could not "consolidate the country forever". Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang moved all the landless civilians, jobless vagrants and criminal rich households in the south of the Yangtze River into Yunnan and Guizhou. The government distributed the land, seeds and farm tools according to the regulations. Besides the taxes and grain paid to the government, the rest of the grain was distributed by themselves. This form of farming is called Mintun. In order to further expand the source of military supplies and speed up the circulation of goods, especially salt trade, the imperial court also encouraged merchants to participate in farming. Merchants raised their own people to open up wasteland for cultivation, and exchanged their grain for "official salt" from the government for management. This form of farming is called business farming. Zhu Yuanzhang ordered all the troops and civilians to strengthen unity, control the local chieftain forces, ensure the smooth flow of government orders, and strengthen the centralized system. They lived in the stronghold of "Tunpu" with strong military defense function. From the beginning of Hongwu year to the middle of Ming Dynasty, millions of Han soldiers and civilians entered the southwest through various forms, forming a huge group of Han immigrants, which changed the situation of "more foreigners and less Han people" in the southwest. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the system of garrison land gradually declined because of the increasing war and harsh taxes.

Tunpu structure

Today, there is still a saying in Guizhou: "the Han family lives on the street, the Miao family lives on the hill, and the Zhong family lives on the water head". The saying "the Han family lives on the street" reflects that most of the land reclamation in Ming Dynasty was on both sides of the main roads. Take the land reclamation in Puding Wei An Ji frame as an example Anshun is located in the watershed between the Yangtze River system and the Pearl River system. The terrain is relatively flat. Most of the dams in Guizhou are located here. It can be said that the land is rich and the water is beautiful. Moreover, Anshun is a necessary place for the ancient post road between Yunnan and Guizhou. It is known as "the throat of Yunnan, the belly of Guizhou, the lips and teeth of Guangdong and Sichuan". It has an important strategic position and is a good place to attack and defend. This will ensure the success of tuntian and the smooth flow of postal and economic arteries. along

Chinese PinYin : Tian Long Tun Bao