Mount Wuhua

Mount Wuhua

Wuhua mountain, located in the north of Kunming City, Yunnan Province, is the highest peak in Kunming city. It covers an area of 1.73 square kilometers, with an altitude of 1926 meters. It is adjacent to Luofeng mountain in the north, Zupan mountain in the East, and is also known as the three mountains in Kunming City, Yunnan Province, and connected with Cuihu mountain and water in the West. Wuhua mountain is now the residence of Yunnan Provincial People's government, and Wuhua District of Kunming city is also named after Wuhua mountain.

Main attractions

Wu Hua Ying Rao

Wuhua mountain is the main mountain in Kunming, Yunnan Province. From the northeast of Kunming to the south, the snake mountain rises nine times and falls nine times to Luofeng mountain, where it opens Yuping. In front of it, the veins are divided into five branches, giving out the beauty of the five flowers. It is called "the five flowers" and has been the victory of one side since ancient times. According to the general annals of Yunnan, Mount Wuhua is a beautiful and majestic mountain, leading all the mountains. Under it, there are thousands of fireworks, mountains and rivers, which are the best places to visit.

When Nanzhao built Shanshan City, Shanshan Marquis Gao Zhisheng built his residence at the foot of Wuhua mountain, which is called "Dongfu". In the Song Dynasty, Dali rebuilt the Earth City, which was called "new city" along Shanshan. Shanshan city moved to the west, and the north gate was set up in Wuhua mountain of Kunming, Yunnan Province. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the city of Kunming was set up. Sai Dianchi "built the provincial hall" and "prospered the city well". In 1227, in order to protect the country and the people, the Yunnan king hugechi and Pingzhang political affairs saidianchi built the Wuhua hall on the mountain Gaofu. The plaque said "Minzhong Temple" (the record of Minzhong temple in Yuan Dynasty). It is said that the temple is also called "Wuhua" because there are five Buddha statues, such as Sakyamuni, in order to protect the country and the people. In 1363, the temple was destroyed by war. Five years later, it was rebuilt and renamed Wuhua temple, which was named Wuhua mountain. There is a saying in the ode to Dianchi Lake written by Wang Sheng of the Yuan Dynasty, which says "the beauty of the five Chinese bells" and lists the five Chinese mountains as one of the eight sceneries of Kunming in the Yuan Dynasty. Wuhua mountain has gradually become a major resort in Kunming.

The Yuan Dynasty clan rebellion, the red scarf army into Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan Wuhua temple, except the main hall, were destroyed in the war. In 1382, the city of Kunming was built. The city wall was moved northward from Wuhua mountain to Luofeng mountain. The governor's office was built on the right side of Wuhua mountain. Wuhua temple was also repaired. It was known as "Wuhua Eagle circling" in Central Yunnan. Han Yike of Ming Dynasty wrote the poem "Wuhua Temple", which says: "on the top of the mountain of Wuhua, overlooking the East China Sea, there is not 48000 feet, but also the 12th floor of five cities. When will we meet in the autumn, when will we be accompanied by a pair of shoes, and when will the west wind come out of the forest

In the Ming Dynasty, Wuhua temple was built repeatedly. On the mountain, Juyuan building and boundless building were built. On the other hand, pavilions of Kuangyi, Tairan, Jingming and Zhenyi were built. On the south of the mountain, Wuhua Academy was built. There are two major events worth mentioning in this issue. First, in 1420, eunuch zheng he donated and engraved "dazangzunjing" to Wuhua temple. The first is the change of Jingnan in the early Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yun, the Jianwen emperor, cut his hair to become a monk and fled to Yunnan. He first lived in Wuhua temple, claiming to have a relationship with general mu (the Mu brothers of the Duke of Guizhou). The brothers of Mu family "went to the temple for a long time" and "neither forced them to fight, nor sold them to invite favors". They "sent Taizhang Zhu Yun to Wuding house" and "protected them carefully, so as to save their lives." (Yunnan Bei Zheng Zhi) the poem "wuhuatai" written by Zhang in the Ming Dynasty seems to chant this: "looking at Kunming on wuhuatai, it's as pure as Zhangping. If you want to return to your country, you will not get it

Yongli Palace Museum

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the four generals of the peasants' Great Western army, sun Wang, Li Dingguo, Liu Wenxiu and AI nengqi, entered Yunnan under the name of "uniting the Ming Dynasty to resist the Qing Dynasty". Sun is expected to "destroy the two cities of Kunyang and Chenggong" and build a palace in Wuhua mountain, which was once luxurious and called the palace of the king of Qin (renewal of Kunming county annals). After Zhu Youlang's defeat, sun is expected to welcome him to Guizhou. He is instigated by eunuchs and wants to take the place of Zhu Youlang. Zhu Youlang called Li Dingguo to Wei, and from anding, Guizhou, he came to Kunming, where he "took Gongyuan as the official" (Biography of Dian Yun calendar). Kunming became the last political center of the Southern Ming Dynasty, and was known as the capital of Yunnan at that time. Zhu Youlang moved to Wuhua mountain and took the Qin palace as the imperial palace. He "built the palace in Wuhua" (Dian system), which is called Wanshou Palace.

Wu Sangui, who was under the rule of Yunnan Province, was also called Prince Pingxi. He also lived in the palace of Daying, where he "widened the site, surrounded by heavy walls and bowed over the Jiege, which made it extremely prosperous" (Dian system). For a time, "Red Pavilion, green marsh, zigzag spring, Jie Ge Feng Tang, uneven because of Xiu, crown with Wei que, curl with carved wall, horizontal wide dozens of miles.". The exotic flowers and trees are transported from Guangdong and Guangdong, and the beautiful utensils are played. They were purchased from Bamin, while Guan Si, Jin Qi, and calligraphy and painting belong to Wu, the third of which must be selected. They can be recorded in detail to make the garden better. " (Chen Yuan Yuan Shi Ji) after Wu Sangui's failure, the official offices of Wuhua mountain were destroyed, and then Minzhong temple was built here to restore Wuhua Academy. Sun Peng, a native of the Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem "immigrate", describing the scenery of Mount Wuhua at that time, saying: "once the flying clouds live in Wuhua, the sound of the pines is good for home. The west wind came early last night, and the chrysanthemum blossomed alone. "

The luxury of that year has been swept away. However, it is not a bad thing that the people in Kunming, Yunnan Province, have an extra resort for climbing. Such as Ma Zhilong's "nine days on Mount Wuhua": "the city has a fine scenery, and you can see the top of Wuhua. If it's not the day of climbing, how can we know how to look at the sky. In the autumn of four mountains, by the sunset of ten thousand households. If you don't return to your hometown, you will feel sorry for yourself. "

After the 23rd year of Kangxi (1684), the Wuhua mountain in Kunming, Yunnan Province was rebuilt one after another. It had to be built with dragon pavilions and courthouses. On the birthday of the Qing emperor or new year's day, the civil and military officials of Kunming gathered on the mountain as usual to celebrate. The cloud worship pavilion was also built for local officials to study at the first and tenth day of junior high school. In the 26th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (1678), it was ordered to reduce the amount of Tun and set up the longevity square in front of the cloud worship pavilion to thank the emperor for his generosity. In front of the mountain, the temple of marquis Wu of Zhuge was built, and Zhong chose to sacrifice in spring and autumn. In the second year of tongzhi (1864), Ma Rong destroyed the ancestral temple when he occupied the city. In 1875, it was rebuilt, and a Zhaozhong temple was built next to the temple of marquis Wu to worship pan duo, the governor of Yunnan, who was attacked and killed for suppressing the Hui people. This historic site is no longer in existence. In June of the seventh year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1857), Kunming, Yunnan Province, was flooded for tens of miles. The southeast two gates were submerged. The water depth of the city was seven or eight feet. Tens of thousands of people drowned. From doumi to yin122liang, the bark and grass roots of Mount Wuhua were eaten up.

In 1733, the Wuhua Academy was established at the south foot of Wuhua mountain in Kunming, Yunnan Province. In 1906, one of the Wuhua academies was changed into Yunnan excellent normal school. When the school building was built, the jade seal of emperor Yongli was unearthed in the pool, which can be regarded as the last sound of the Palace Museum. During the hundreds of years since its establishment, Wuhua academy has cultivated a lot of talents, including Zhao fan and Yuan Jiagu in the late Qing Dynasty. The couplet of the academy says:

This is the way to build a harmonious society. Dengsi tower is also a place to sit and talk about. You can get up and walk, kunshui Huashan, and then you can get to e lake and Lu cave.

The chapter of a subset of the history of Zujing has its original Commission. Those who recite the book, who are erudite and polite, and who take the jade scroll as a sign, are not merely offering to decorate sentences and looking for chapters.

Lianzhong lake and Ludong are famous academies in the Southern Song Dynasty. Wuhua academy is an official school, which shows the influence of Central Plains culture on Kunming.

Guangfu building

In 1898, the Qing government carried out the "New Deal" and built a college in Wuhuashan, Kunming, Yunnan Province. On November 29 of the same year, he "dug up a square jade in the Wuhua mountains and regarded it as Yongming jade seal.". It is "five inch square, which is called" the treasure of imperial edict ", with a dragon button engraved on the back and a skeleton on the side of the seal.". "It was proved by the seal that it was used by Emperor Yongming to move his capital to Dianyuan. Later, he rushed to the West in a hurry and couldn't take it with him. This remains was the death of his palace people!"

Guangfu building, the main building of Wuhua mountain, is the main building of normal school, the capital of Yunnan Province. When the revolution of 1911 broke out, members of Yunnan Kunming League decided to respond to the uprising. The uprising was set at midnight on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. Unexpectedly, due to the handling of bullets and the leakage of the incident, it had to be launched at 8:40 p.m. Li Gengen, Huang Yuying, Li Hongxiang and others led the 74 bid (Regiment) to attack the north gate from the north school yard and the ordnance Bureau. Because of the strong wall, the garrison resisted tenaciously, and the reinforcements could not arrive, the uprising army could not succeed for a moment, and the Qing army took advantage of the situation to occupy mount Wuhua. Later, Cai E led the Bugu and artillery regiments to Wujiaba in Kunming, Yunnan Province. They joined forces to attack the ordnance Bureau and mount Wuhua. Li Gengen encouraged the three armed forces and said, "strive to advance. After conquering, the dead will be buried in this land."

At that time, the rebel platoon leader Wen Hongkui led his troops to attack hongzhezi at the southern foot of Wuhua mountain in Kunming, Yunnan Province. "He took the lead, climbed up the mountain, showed half of his body, shot at the enemy, and was shot by the enemy's machine gun. He was shot in the chest like a beehive, and made a heroic sacrifice" (Li Hongxiang's supplement to the Memoirs of the revolution of 1911) "," the next day he collected his body, and his whole body was like a beehive, and he received more than a hundred bullets "(Sun Zhongying's Chongjiu Zhanji). After a bloody battle, the revolutionary army conquered mount Wuhua. Zhong Lintong, a general of the Qing army, "failed to commit suicide and was sent to the gate of the army hospital on a stretcher", was decapitated by the rebels and hung on the upper floor of Kunming, Yunnan Province (Li Hongxiang's supplement to the Memoirs of the 1911 Revolution).

After the success of the Chongjiu uprising, the governor's office was moved from the former governor's Office (now the site of the people's victory hall in Kunming, Yunnan) to the Wuhua Building of Wuhuashan normal school, which was renamed "Guangfu building" to commemorate the battle of Chongjiu's recovery. Zhu De said in his poem, "there is a red flag on Mount Wuhua", which is a chant of this event. After the restoration, there were celebrations in front of the building. Cai E wrote two poems of climbing Wuhua mountain, one of which said: "the two towers are towering, embracing Cuihua, soaring into the sky and shooting at the morning glow. From afar, you can see the house of the Han Dynasty with five colored banners. " Second, he said, "the east wind blows through thousands of houses, facing the lake light, trying to meet the sky. For thousands of years, it has been the dust and the earth, the blue chicken and the golden horse Green in front of the building

Chinese PinYin : Wu Hua Shan