Nanjing University

Nanjing University is located in Nanjing, the ancient capital of Zhongling Yuxiu and Huju Longpan. Its predecessor can be traced back to the Imperial College of Nanjing, which originated in the first year of Wu Yongan after the Han Dynasty (258). It has experienced many changes in history. It is the first modern university in China, the birthplace of modern science in China, and the base of modern Confucianism and the rejuvenation of Chinese civilization Peace and prosperity in the world have made important contributions and far-reaching influences in education, academia and culture. At present, it is a national key comprehensive university directly under the Ministry of education, a key construction university under the national "211 Project" and "985 Project", a member of the nine universities alliance, one of the first 11 famous universities under the "Everest plan", and one of the top famous universities in China.

essential information

Historical evolution

Nanjing University was founded in 1902 when Sanjiang normal school was established. The main source of Nanjing University is Central University, and the secondary source is Jinling University, which was merged into Nanjing University in 1952. Jinling University was founded in 1888 and merged with Nanjing University in 1952.

Sanjiang normal school

In May 1902, Zhang Zhidong, together with his good friend Liu Kunyi, then governor of Liangjiang, presented a petition to the Qing court to set up a normal school in Jiangning (Nanjing) of Liangjiang governor's office. In the same year, preparations for the construction of Sanjiang normal school began. Some of the teachers are Chinese scholars, and the other is from Japan.

 

Liangjiang Normal School

In 1905, Sanjiang normal school changed its name to Liangjiang superior normal school. Li Ruiqing served as the supervisor (president) of Liangjiang Normal School. With the motto of "chew root, do great things", we vigorously advocated science, Sinology and art education, created the art department in Colleges and universities, and cultivated the first generation of modern art teachers and art talents for China. Before and after the revolution of 1911, the political situation was turbulent. The school was once closed and continued in August 1914.

 

 

Nanjing Normal University

On August 30, 1914, Han Guojun, the governor of Jiangsu Province, appointed president Jiang Qian to organize Nanjing Higher Normal School. "The former Liangjiang Normal School in Jiangsu Province dropped out because of the rise of the army, but now the overall situation has been decided, and it is urgent for the province to continue to run it to reserve teachers." the Liangjiang Normal School was reformed and became Nanjing Higher Normal School.

 

In 1915, the first physical education department was established in China, which was the beginning of China's higher physical education. Business was established in 1917. In October 1918, the Chinese Science Society was established in Nanjing Normal University. Most of its main members taught in Nanjing Normal University and Dongda. They were pioneers in introducing western modern science systems into China. Therefore, Nanjing Normal University is known as "the headquarters of modern science in China" and "the birthplace of Natural Science in China". In 1921, it moved to Shanghai and expanded into a Business University, the first business school in China. In the early days of modern science in China, more than half of the Chinese scientists who published research results in the world's top scientific journals were teaching or graduates of Nanjing University.

 

 

 

national southeastern university

In 1920, National Southeast University was established on the basis of Nanjing Normal University. "South Normal University" and "East University" coexist on the same campus, sharing resources. In July 1923, the school board of Nanjing Normal University was removed, and Nangao was formally incorporated into Dongda, so it was called National Southeast University.

In April 1920, Guo Bingwen put forward the proposal of "establishing Nanjing University" at the school affairs meeting, and jointly wrote to the Ministry of education, "planning to build Nanjing University on the site of Nanjing Normal University and the former site of Nanyang Business Association, so as to build a great university". However, due to various reasons, this proposal was not approved by the education department at that time. On December 7, the State Council unanimously approved the establishment of the University on the basis of the specialized subjects of the southern Normal University, and named it National Southeast University. In 1921, the National Southeast University officially opened its enrollment system. Guo Bingwen and Jiang Weiqiao successively took charge of the administration of the University.

In 1920, eight female students were officially enrolled, which was the first "female ban" in China's national institutions of higher learning, leading the trend of coeducation. Zhu Kezhen wrote an inscription for the 60th anniversary of Nanjing University: "Southeast University is the light of the country. Coeducation is the only initiative. The enemy is strong on the outside and jackals on the inside. There is a way in the world, and schools are prosperous. "

 

In September 1920, the elective system and credit system were implemented. Compulsory and elective courses were set up, and students could graduate only after completing certain credits. These reforms have been gradually adopted by the educational circles all over the country. It was the first modern university in China to carry out modern academic research and set up the earliest modern scientific research laboratory in China. It has become the first modern university in China, which is characterized by university autonomy, academic freedom, arts and science, agriculture, industry and Commerce and other specialized applied subjects, and integrating teaching and research. It is known as "the first modern university in China".

In October 1921, Liu Yizheng, Liu Boming, Mei Guangdi and others set up Xueheng society. In January 1922, they set up Xueheng monthly to carry out the modern Chinese cultural renaissance movement. During this period, they became the center of academic and cultural exchanges between China and the West. Most famous scholars at home and abroad came to the school to give lectures, known as "the center of Oriental Education".

In August 1923, due to the shortage of funds, the Engineering Department of East University was closed down, and the engineering department and Hehai engineering school were combined into Hehai Engineering University.

 

 

National fourth Sun Yat sen University

In 1927, the national government was established, and the education administrative committee, after overall consideration, implemented the university district system. Nine public schools, including National Southeast University, Hehai University of technology, Shanghai University of Commerce, Jiangsu University of law and politics, Jiangsu Medical University and four public specialized schools in Jiangsu Province, merged and renamed "national fourth Sun Yat sen University" in Nanjing to commemorate Dr. Sun Yat Sen and his family The fourth historical and cultural city captured by the northern expedition.

 

 

National Jiangsu University

After the University changed its name to the fourth Sun Yat sen University, people in the educational circles generally believe that there is more than one Sun Yat sen University, which is not easy to identify. In 1928, the national government issued the "University District regulations", which required that "universities of all provinces should be named according to the names of different places", and changed the fourth Sun Yat sen University into Jiangsu University. In February 1928, it was renamed "Jiangsu University". As soon as the order was issued, the majority of teachers and students immediately opposed it. They thought that such a change of name "was not enough to rank as the National Center of education, nor to build up the scale of the capital's vocal education.". The teachers and students of the University were indignant and formed a "petition group to change the name of the University", asking the government to change the name of the university to "National Nanjing University" in accordance with the practice of the University of London in England and the University of Paris in France. But the national government insisted on changing Jiangsu University, and finally named it Jiangsu University.

 

National Central University

On May 16, 1928, the executive yuan of the national government made a resolution that "Jiangsu University" was renamed "National Central University", and Zhang Naiyan was still the president.

In September 1927, the Chinese Natural Science Society was founded in school. In 1939, Pan Shu, Liang Xi, Jin Shanbao and other well-known professors initiated the establishment of the "Symposium on Natural Science" in the University, and in 1944, it was transformed into the Chinese Association of scientific workers. In 1945, to commemorate the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the natural science symposium was renamed "93 Symposium", and then renamed "93 society". In 1958, the China Association for science and technology was established in Beijing on the basis of China's major scientific organizations from the University.

 

In 1932, Liu Yimou, Miao Fenglin, Zhang Qiyun, etc. inherited and carried forward the Chinese academic tradition. With the responsibility of carrying forward Chinese culture and the latest academic achievements of the prosperous world, they formed the national style society and launched the national style academic journal. In September, the business school and the medical school in Shanghai became independent, and in 1935, they rebuilt the medical school in Nanjing.

In July 1937, the Anti Japanese war broke out, and the school moved to Sichuan smoothly. The school is located in Songlinpo, Shapingba, shaci District, Chongqing, which is historically known as "Chongqing Central University".

Around 1940, the students of the University successively published "Tai Gong Bao" and "University News".

 

After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in August 1945, Wu Youxun became the president. On November 1, 1946, the school began in Beijing. The university has seven colleges, 37 departments, 6 specialized subjects and 26 research institutes of Arts, law, science, agriculture, engineering, medicine and normal education. It is the largest university with the most complete departments and the largest scale in China. According to the statistics in 1947, there are 1266 faculty members and 4066 students. With its large scale, complete disciplines and strong faculty, it ranks first among all universities in the country, so it is known as "the highest University in the Republic of China".

In 1948, in the world university rankings of Princeton University, the Central University has surpassed the Imperial University of Tokyo (now Tokyo University), ranking first in Asia.

National Nanjing University

On May 7, 1949, Liu Bocheng, director of the Nanjing Military Control Commission, and song renqiong, deputy director of the Nanjing Military Control Commission, sent officers to take over the National Central University. On August 8, National Central University changed its name to National Nanjing University. On August 12, the Council of National Nanjing University was established, with Liang Xi as its chairman.

 

 

 

Chinese PinYin : Nan Jing Da Xue