Ziwu Valley

Ziwu Valley

Ziwu Valley, one named Ziyu, one named Ziwu Valley, one named Ziwu Road, one of the seventy-two valleys in Qinling Mountains, is located in Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. The length of the valley is 660 Li. The north entrance is Zi, which is in the south of Xi'an Prefecture. The south entrance is Wu, which is in the east of Hanzhong Prefecture. It reaches Hanzhong in the south. Now it is a ditch in Ziwu town of Chang'an District, the main traffic road from Chang'an city to the south, and a river valley in Ziwu town of Chang'an District of Xi'an city.

Located at the northern foot of Zhongnan Mountain in Qinling Mountains, it is the holy land of Taoism and the birthplace of Korean Taoism. In the Han Dynasty, Ziwu valley was set up by the emperor as a place for praying and praying to heaven, and the Taigu xuandu altar (a Taiyuan xuandu altar) was built, which was regarded as the supreme "Royal heaven worship place". In the Tang Dynasty, Ziwu valley was also known as "Haidong xianmai Ziwu mountain". From here, Ziwu Ancient Road passed through Qinling Mountains from north to south, reached Hanzhong, and then reached Chengdu. Also known as litchi Road, because Yang Guifei loved to eat litchi, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered people to renovate the road from Fuling, Sichuan to Chang'an.

brief introduction

Ziwu Valley, a Ziwu Valley, a Ziwu Road, also known as Ziwu mountain, one of the seventy-two valleys in the Qinling Mountains, is located in Chang'an County. The length of the valley is 660 Li, the north entrance is Zi, which is in the south of Xi'an Prefecture; the south entrance is Wu, which is in the east of Hanzhong Prefecture and Yangxian County, which is in the middle of Zhongnan mountain. It belongs to immortal gold, which can be recorded and managed. This place reaches Hanzhong in the south, or it is called erosive middle. The kingdom of the king of Han was eroded from Dunan. In the first five years of the Yuan Dynasty, Wang Mang began to pass through Ziwu Road, from the south of Du Ling to the south of Nanshan, through Hanzhong, and set up Ziwu valley. Wei Yan said that the Marquis Wu of Zhuge should go north at midnight, that is to say. From duling to Zhongnan, the Duke of duling came to visit the people of duling, but the old people went there for a long time, so they were unattainable. Therefore, they were envious of their unique ability to be a blessed place. The clouds are high, and the clouds are high. About thirty Li from Mt. 1 of Zhongnan, it is a blessed place. If there is a long way to go, it is also a blessed place. The Taigu xuandu altar in the middle of the valley is deserted by blue stones, cold by the wind and pine trees, and Zigui's singing at night. During the day, the Queen Mother sails under the cloud. The grass is long and the iron lock is high and hard to climb, which makes the body happy.

Human history

Ziwu Valley, known as Ziwu Valley and Ziwu mountain in ancient times, is the main traffic road from Chang'an city to the south, and also a river valley in Ziwu Town, Chang'an District, Xi'an city. It is located at the northern foot of Zhongnan mountain section of Qinling Mountains, namely Ziwu road. Ziwu ancient road is a famous traffic artery in history. In ancient times, "Ziwu Valley" is the main traffic artery from Chang'an to Bashu (or Hanzhong) through Qinling Mountains. From Chang'an to the south, enter Ziwu Valley, cross the middle line of Qinling Mountains at nianziping, reach Ziwu town in the south of Xixiang County, turn to the west, pass Chengguan town of Yangxian County, reach Hanzhong City, then go south through Bashan, and reach Fucheng District of Mianyang City, Sichuan Province. It is from here that we leave Chang'an and go to Hanzhong. There are still ancient relics in the valley, such as plank road and cliff stone carvings.

Later, the location of this ancient traffic artery in the north of Qinling Mountains moved to the west of yukou, especially with the opening of the "Xiwan highway" in the period of the Republic of China moving its exit to the "Fengyu" in the west of Ziwu valley. As a result, the temples and Taoist temples built in large quantities in Ziwu valley from the Han and Tang Dynasties were abandoned, leaving only ruins. Although the ancient road is abandoned, there are many remains of it. After the abandonment of Ziwu Valley, the number of Taoist temples in the valley also decreased. In addition to the mountain torrents, most of the relics were only preserved, except xuandu altar and Jinxian temple, which were preserved in the 1960s. Ziwu ancient road, Ziwu ancient road, north end called "Zi", south end called "Wu". Meridian, which is also Yin and Yang, is about 420 kilometers long.

Ziwu Road, also known as lychee Road, because Yang Guifei loved to eat lychee, Tang Xuanzong ordered someone to repair the road from Fuling, Sichuan to Chang'an, and quickly passed lychee to Chang'an. So every year, "flying into Beijing on seven days and seven nights, many people died on the road, and the people suffered"

According to textual research, Du Fu of Tang Dynasty once visited here, and wrote poems describing the scenery of Ziwu Valley and the situation of his friends practicing Taoism: "my old friend used to hide in Dongmeng peak in the past, and he already wore a green dragon with scenery. My old friend now lives in Ziwu Valley, where he has a thatched cottage on a cliff. In front of the house is the ancient xuandu altar, where the green stone is indifferent and the wind is cold. Zigui crows at night and the mountain bamboo cracks, and the queen mother turns the cloud flag in the day. If you know that your plan is going to last forever, the days will be long. The iron lock is too high to climb, so he Xiaoshuang is blessed. " Today's calligraphers and painters also left many inscriptions and insights. Jin Keji, a native of Silla in the Tang Dynasty, studied in Chang'an as a scholar of bingong, then lived in seclusion in Ziwu Valley to practice Taoism, and died on February 25, 858. He once planted many flowers and fruits in Ziwu Valley, so it was named Guoyu. Today's meeting will be held on February 25, July 26 and the first and fifteenth day of each month.

Ziwu Valley used to be an important traffic road from Chang'an to the south in ancient times. There are still ancient relics such as plank road, cliff stone carvings, two cypresses and one stone along this ancient road. On the mountain where Jinxian temple is located, there are xuandu altar of Han Dynasty and Jinxian Temple site of Tang Dynasty. Later, due to the mountain torrents and the construction of Fengyu highway, the ancient Ziwu road declined and was abandoned. Until after the 1960s, the ancient xuandu altar and Jinxian temple could hardly be found. In 2004, at the request of local villagers, he was appointed Deputy Secretary General of Shaanxi Taoist Association, vice president of Xi'an Taoist Association Jia Huifa, member of the Standing Committee of the Chang'an CPPCC and chairman of the Chang'an Taoist Association, and fan Guangchun, director of the Taoist research center of the Shaanxi Academy of Social Sciences, initiated the establishment of the Jinxian Temple Preparatory Committee with the strong support of the relevant departments of the Chang'an government, Ziwu sub district office, and the cadres and masses of nandoudou and Qiliping villages. After two years of construction, the main building complex of Jinxian temple has been basically completed. The first phase of the project was completed on July 26, 2006 and opened to the outside world to meet the needs of people from all walks of life.

The new Jinxian temple is built on a mountain peak between the two valleys and surrounded by ershuijiaohui. It faces Xiaowutai in the East, Ziwu Avenue in the southeast and surrounded by mountains in the northwest. On the top of the mountain is the site of xuandutan, with an altitude of about 1000 meters. There are stone steps and paths to climb. You can see the scenery of Xi'an city and the surrounding mountains. The air is fresh and refreshing. Xuandu altar is an altar for worshiping gods. Its connection with Tianqi temple on Weibei plateau of Chang'an city is on the central axis of Chang'an city.

geographical environment

Location context

Ziwu Valley is located in Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. Yukou is located in Ziwu West Village, Ziwu sub district office, Chang'an District, about 1km away from the mountain tour road. There are Xiaowutai on the east side of the valley, jinxianguan and Xiaowutai in the valley. Between Ziwu Valley and Baolong Valley, there are five beams and the earth beam. Shortly after the entrance, a Buddha head, about 1.5 meters high, can be seen in nandoudou village. The section from Diliang to luqiaoping is a downhill section. The road is narrow and difficult to ride. The road near luqiaoping becomes wider and can be used by agricultural vehicles. There is an uphill between luqiaoping and zaoerling, which needs to cross a beam. The road condition is complex and flat, with both gravel and clay. The road from zaoerling to national highway 210 is flat, and the exit is at the south entrance of overrun inspection station.

Geology and geomorphology

Ziwuyu is most severely compressed by the North-South block, and the crust is most strongly subjected to tectonic movement. It is mainly composed of migmatite, migmatite, granitic gneiss and S-type granite. The original rocks of Zhongnanshan granite are mainly Paleoproterozoic sedimentary rocks, which later became Paleoproterozoic KUANPING group after several crustal movements and metamorphism. From the north slope of Zhongnan mountain, the phyllite of middle and deep metamorphism is usually seen first, but it soon transits to various schists of deep metamorphism. Further on, there are ultradeep metamorphic migmatites. Some of the original carbonate intercalations have also become dolomitic marble with coarse crystalline grains. Because of geological stress, oblique conjugate joints are widely developed in rocks. After long-term weathering and denudation, the formation of peaks and cliffs is very spectacular.

Climatic characteristics

Ziwuyu is a warm temperate semi humid continental monsoon climate zone with moderate rainfall, four distinct seasons, mild climate, short autumn and long spring. Generally, January, April, July and October are the representative months of winter, spring, summer and autumn. It is dry and cold in winter, warm in spring, hot and rainy in summer, and mild and humid in autumn. The annual average temperature is 15.5 ℃, precipitation is about 600 m, humidity is 69.6%, frost free period is 216 days, sunshine is 1377 hours. The average temperature of the coldest January is - 0.9 ℃, and the average temperature of the hottest July is 26.8 ℃. The rainfall is mainly distributed in July, August and September. The same period of rain and heat is conducive to the growth of crops. The annual average snowfall day is 13.8 days, the first snowfall day is generally in late November, and the last snowfall day is generally in mid March. Affected by the terrain, Changan has more northeast wind throughout the year, with an average annual wind speed of 1.3-2.6 M / s.

Ziwu Valley is located in the mountain, with thousands of peaks in the valley, beautiful scenery, dangerous terrain and rugged road. Beauty is hard to name, green day in the eye. Sometimes white clouds rise and the sky stretches. In the heart with it, tuoxing every not shallow. The old trees are green and the young forests are thriving. The pavilion of Jinxian temple is close to the mountain and water. In addition to the cliff murals, the sound of birds on the rock, and the embellishment of stories and legends, the geomantic treasure land adds some mystery and aura.

Vegetation conditions

The primary vegetation of ziwuyu is subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, and the secondary forest is Zhongshan coniferous forest, mainly including pine, fir and birch.

natural resources

Ziwu Valley is rich in medicinal plants. Among the 1800 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines recorded in compendium of Materia Medica, there are more than 200 kinds in Ziwu valley. According to the results of the general survey of medicinal plants in 1985, there are 232 kinds of medicinal plants in the mountain

Chinese PinYin : Zi Wu Yu