Nongan ancient pagoda

Nongan ancient pagoda

Nong'an ancient pagoda is located in the west gate of Nong'an town in Nong'an County, 60 kilometers northwest of Changchun, Jilin Province. It is also known as "pagoda of Buddha, pagoda of Liao and pagoda of gold".

The ancient pagoda was seriously damaged due to the erosion of wind and rain for nearly a thousand years. Before liberation, the pagoda was on the verge of collapse. In 1953, the state allocated special funds to repair the pagoda in an all-round way. Later, the pagoda was shut down for some reason. In 1983, the unfinished project was continued, and the Millennium pagoda was finally restored to its original appearance. On March 5, 2013, it was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

brief introduction

Liao tower in Nong'an

Liao tower in Nong'an Nong'an is an important historical town in the northeast of China. As early as the middle of the fourth century, Fuyu was the later national city. After the eighth century, it was Fuyu's residence in the Bohai Sea of the Tang Dynasty. At the beginning of the tenth century, yeluabaoji, the emperor of Liao Dynasty, conquered the Bohai Sea and died, so it was renamed Huanglong's residence It's a hub. Yue Fei, a famous general of the Southern Song Dynasty, once said to his subordinates, "take Huanglong mansion directly and drink with the generals.".

Nong'an Liao pagoda is the only ancient building left by Huanglong mansion in Liao Dynasty. It was built in the third to tenth year of Taiping (1023-1030), which is nearly a thousand years ago. As a result of wind and rain erosion and human vicissitudes, it was dilapidated and on the verge of collapse before liberation. In 1953, the government allocated funds to carry out the protective renovation, which reached the 10th floor. In 1983, on this basis, large-scale renovation was carried out, which restored the original appearance of the ancient pagoda.

Nong'an Liao tower is built of brick, solid, dense eaves, octagonal and thirteen storey, which is composed of three parts: tower base, tower body and tower brake. It is 44 meters high and elegant in shape, showing the style of architectural art of Liao Dynasty.

The tower base supporting the tower is one meter high, flat and solid, with a diameter of 8 meters from east to west, 8.30 meters from north to south, and 7 meters on each side. The first floor of the tower is 13 meters long, and each side is separated by a niche door or a false door. The upper part of the eaves is set with two groups of bucket arches; the corner part is made of imitation wood structure columns, and the upper part is made of corner paving. Each layer above the second layer is 1.75 meters high. The eaves part is set with two groups of bucket arches, and the corner part is laid at the corner. On the eaves, the ridges are decorated with crouching beasts, the lion in front and the dragon and horse in the back, holding their heads up to the sky, lifelike. In the front of the tile ridge, there is a round tile, with double rings around it, and the word "Xi" in the middle. There are iron rings in the eaves and corners, and the wind is on the top of the eaves. When the wind comes in the middle of the day, the eaves are swaying and clattering, which makes the ancient city more interesting. On the top of the pagoda is the Tasha, and on the bottom of the Tasha are three layers of blooming Yanglian. On the Yanglian is a vase with a thin neck and a bulging belly. On the vase is a gilded round light. On the round light is a curved gilded Yangyue, which is inlaid with five gilded pearls. The cover is set on the second pearl, and the top two pearls are made into gourd shape. There are four copper chains hanging on the iron color of the top ridge. In 1953, a brick room was found in the middle of the tenth floor of the Nong'an Liao tower. There is a small brick platform in the northwest corner of the brick room. On the platform are a hard mountain wooden round urn, a cloth bag containing ashes and relic, a porcelain incense box, a porcelain censer, a small silver round box, a single line Yin carved Buddha Silver Plaque, etc. Among them, the porcelain censer is extremely exquisite, and the porcelain incense box uses the glaze stirring technology. It is brown and white, and the layers are as dense as flowers. It is radiant and beautiful. It is a rare treasure in Liao porcelain.

Buddhism prevailed in Liao Dynasty. In March of 1072, there were 3000 monks and nuns in Changchun, Taizhou and Ningjiang in the western part of the province. As a Buddhist building, Nong'an Liao pagoda is the product of this historical background. Hundreds of years later, the reason why this building is still cherished is not because of its religious value, but because of its towering itself, which shows people the highly developed craft level and beautiful and solemn architectural style of the Liao Dynasty, and is a kind of evidence for people to study history. Nong'an Liao pagoda is a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Restoration of ancient pagodas

The ancient pagoda was seriously damaged due to the erosion of wind and rain for nearly a thousand years. Before liberation, the pagoda was on the verge of collapse. In 1953, the state allocated special funds to repair the pagoda in an all-round way. Later, the pagoda was shut down for some reason. In 1983, the unfinished project was continued, and the Millennium pagoda was finally restored to its original appearance. During the peak tourist season, there is an endless stream of Chinese and foreign tourists. Now it is a key cultural relic protection unit in Jilin Province. In 2013, it was listed as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Cultural relics in the tower

In the middle of the tenth floor of the tower, a small brick room was found, containing precious cultural relics such as bronze statues of Buddha and Bodhisattva, wooden urn boxes, porcelain incense boxes, fine thread Yin carved Buddha statues and silver decorations. The tower is of great value to the study of religion and architectural art of Liao Dynasty.

Historical evolution

Nong'an town has a long history. The original town was built in Fuyu state. It is the seat of Huanglong mansion, which is famous for its civilization. It has a history of two thousand years. In the third year of Taiping (1023-1030) of emperor Shengzong of Liao Dynasty, there was a pagoda, which is located 100 meters outside the ancient city xiheng. It is also called "pagoda of Buddha", Liao pagoda and "pagoda". Ancient pagoda, octagonal 13 storey, tower height of 44 meters, for dense eaves solid tower, in different shapes refined gray brick construction. The tower body has yamen, Pinglan, jiaoliang, Dougong, Huagong, adopting different styles of flat tile, Maotou tile, Feiqi tile and other different craft forms.

Nong'an county is the seat of Huanglong mansion in Jin Dynasty. In the Liao and Jin Dynasties, it was the most prosperous period in history. It was the capital of the state of Liao at that time. In those years, the state of Liao set up a dragon's gate array here to attract the attack of Yang family generals, and the eaves and corners were full of wind bells.

During the Han Dynasty, Nong'an was the capital of Fuyu. After Liao destroyed the Bohai Sea, it was renamed Huanglong mansion, which has a history of more than 2000 years. In 1125 ad, after Jin destroyed Liao, he launched a war against Song Dynasty. When Yue Fei, a famous general of the Southern Song Dynasty, led his troops to the north to fight against the Jin Dynasty, he said at the oath meeting: "go straight to Huanglong mansion and drink with the kings!" Li Dazhao also had the poem "how to drink the Huanglong mansion and build the wind and rain tower in China", which made Nongan famous. The name of Huanglong mansion comes from mythology. According to legend, in July of the first year of Tianxian (926), yeluabaoji, king of Liao, came back from his expedition to the Bohai State (now the capital of ningantong), and died in the palace of Fuyu state. It was a day of dark clouds. In a storm, a golden yellow dragon came down and landed in the palace. Since then, it has been said that Liao Taizu was the incarnation of Huanglong. From then on, Liao changed Fuyu mansion into Huanglong mansion.

According to historical records, Huanglong mansion is located on the highland on the West Bank of Yitong River. It is square, with a perimeter of 3840 meters. In addition to the big gate on all sides, there are small gates on the south, West and east sides, and a tall turret on each corner.

The famous Nongan pagoda was built in this period. The pagoda is made of brick, with 13 octagonal stories and 33 meters high. It is the earliest pagoda built in Northeast China. It has been built for thousands of years and still stands in the ancient city of Nongan.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was a nomadic place for the Mongols. In the early Qing Dynasty, it was the front banner of Gorros. In the 56th year of Qianlong (1791), the imperial court carried out the policy of "recruiting the people to strengthen the border". During the period of land reclamation, more and more refugees came here to cultivate. In the 8th year of Guangxu (1882), the Civil Affairs Department was set up, which belongs to Changchun Department. In 1889, Nong'an county was established.

After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, three generals, Shengjing, ningguta and feihui, were set up in Northeast China to manage the three provinces in Northeast China, while the Mongolian residence was directly managed by the Li Fan yuan of the Qing Dynasty. In the 56th year of Qianlong reign of Qing Dynasty (1791), after Guoerluosi Front Banner recruited people for reclamation, the refugees in the pass kept pouring in, mostly from Dengzhou, Laizhou and Qingzhou in Shandong Province. Because of the frequent drought and flood disasters, they went to the pass to reclaim wasteland in order to survive. At that time, there were no trains, and the refugees in Kanto had to push cars with dry food and clothes; some carried baskets and baskets with children in them and walked on foot. Fearing no hardships and dangers, they left their hometown and came to the desolate Mongolian grassland. They opened up wasteland to cultivate land, built houses, and multiplied. They became pioneers of Huanglong Prefecture.

Traffic information

Take a long-distance bus (05:50-18:00) to the highway passenger transport center.

Address: West Gate of Nong'an Town, Nong'an County, Changchun City (near Baota Street)

Longitude: 125.17524

Latitude: 44.42851

Ticket information: market price: 20.0 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Nong An Gu Ta