Bai Juyi thatched cottage

Bai Juyi thatched cottage

Bai Juyi thatched cottage is located in Huajing Park of Lushan scenic spot in Jiangxi Province. Bai Juyi thatched cottage: in 1988, the "Bai Juyi thatched cottage exhibition room" was built in the garden. In 1996, the stone statue of Bai Juyi made by the famous sculptor Wang Keqing stood on the lakeside. The word "Huajing" is engraved on a horizontal stone in Huajing Pavilion, which is said to be written by Bai Juyi.

brief introduction

Bai Juyi is not only a famous poet at home and abroad, but also a great master of garden art. There are so many poems about garden images, which reflect Bai Juyi's deep understanding of natural scenery and common appreciation of natural beauty. It has become the actual foundation of Chinese garden in Chinese classical garden. When Bai Juyi was demoted to Jiangzhou, he built a thatched cottage to live in seclusion under Xianglu peak at the northern foot of Lushan Mountain, and personally attended the site selection, planning and construction of the thatched cottage. Lushan thatched cottage is one of the private gardens built by Bai Juyi. It is also the most representative expression of Bai Juyi's thought of forest garden. He also wrote the famous article "Lushan thatched cottage", which is still a model work in the history of Chinese classical gardens.

Ten scenes

One scene is "Xier Feiquan". Bai's poem "new thatched cottage under censer peak" says: "why wash my ears? There is a spring at the head of the house. How to clean my eyes? White lotus grows under the stone. " "Xu You Xi Er" is the embodiment of Bai Juyi's hermit thought in landscape design. In Tang Dynasty, seclusion became a fashion, and many scholars built gardens and lived in seclusion, which promoted the development of Chinese gardens. Bai Juyi combined his character and talent as a literati with the techniques of gardening and water management to create the scene of "Xier Feiquan", which is of pioneering significance in literati gardens.

The second scene is "clear spring around the house". The water of Tangdong waterfall converges to form a stream and flows around the house, forming the scene of "clear spring around the house". Bai's poem "three quatrains of biecaotang" says: "three cottages open to the mountain, and the mountain springs around the cottage. Don't be melancholy about the scenery of the mountain and the sound of the spring, but come back after three years of official service. " The design of "flowing water around the house" is zigzag, showing the beauty of Qingyuan pulse and endless hydrophobicity. It completes the perfect combination of natural landscape and artificial landscape, and reflects the characteristics of garden originated from nature and higher than nature. Bai Juyi loved this scene most, and wrote a poem that said, "I love a new spring, and the clear water flows around the steps."

The three sceneries are "fangtang Youqu". Bai Shiyun said: "the Three Gorges water is vast and vast, but not like the new pond, the breeze ripples." Bai Juyi said in the inscription of the poem: "a new pond is opened in front of the thatched cottage. It is interesting to raise fish and grow lotus every day." The pool carries the water around the house and completes the waterscape system of the thatched cottage. Together with the first and second scenery, it forms the skeleton of Bai Juyi's Lushan thatched cottage as a landscape garden.

The four sceneries are "long pine in stone stream". A stream is only 100 meters to the southwest of Caotang, with a big drop. Bai Juyi called it "Shijian" and today called it "Taohua stream". "The story of the thatched cottage" contains: "the South reaches Shijian, Jiajian has an old pine shirt, only ten people surrounded, and the height is not known as several hundred feet. Xiukejia cloud, low branches brush pool, such as building vertical, such as cover Zhang, such as dragon snake walk Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, scholars often use trees and flowers to describe the virtue of a gentleman. Bai Juyi cherished pine trees and planted them himself. The ancient branches of pine trees, standing at the bottom of a stream, are the best symbol of Bai Juyi's character.

The five scenes are "sunshine red yarn". This scene comes from the mountain loquat forest in the east of Caotang. White poem "mountain loquat" says: "deep mountain old to cherish time, the situation of Dongxi wild loquat. The fire tree wind turns crimson, the Qiong tree sun rises to bask in the red yarn. Looking back, peaches and plums are colorless, reflecting that Hibiscus is not a flower. The root of ZHengNai is deep at the bottom of the stone, and there is no reason to move people. " The visual beauty of "sunshine red yarn" is unique in Bai Juyi's thatched cottage garden.

The six sceneries are "medicine garden and tea garden". To the southwest of the thatched cottage, there are several hectares of flat land. Today, it is a tea garden. The "medicine garden tea garden" in Bai's poem belongs here. When the thatched cottage was first built, Bai Juyi wrote a poem on the east wall, saying: "at the head of a stream under a long pine tree, a spotted deer is covered with white fur. Medicine garden, tea garden as industry, wild Milu, forest and crane as friends. " At this time, although Bai Juyi had the official salary to support himself, the official sea was dangerous and uncertain. Bai Juyi pioneered or bought the land as an industry, which made material preparation for "dying here".

The seven sceneries are "the shadow of mountain monks". Bai Juyi had a deep connection with Buddhism in his life. The location of Lushan thatched cottage was closely related to the distribution of Shanbei Buddhist temples. The thatched cottage is close to Yiai temple, and the dongxilin temple is also expected. The South Gate of the thatched cottage is paved with white stones to connect with Huiyuan road hundreds of meters away. Huiyuan road is said to have been built by master Huiyuan. It is the nearest passage from Donglin temple to Dalin temple on the top of Lushan Mountain. Monks and folk were frequent at that time. In the book of Yu Wei, Bai Juyi said: "when the title was sealed, I didn't feel like dawn. I raised my head, but I saw one or two mountain monks, either sitting or sleeping; I also heard mountain apes and valley birds, whistling and chirping." This scene is highly picturesque and can be regarded as a masterpiece, which reflects the idea that Bai Juyi's thatched cottage should pay equal attention to the natural environment and the humanistic environment.

The eight sceneries are "poems chanted by Dongyan". Bai's poem "chanting alone in the mountains" says: "I've been a guest on the river and lived in the mountains for half a year. Sometimes the new poem becomes, only goes to Dongyan road. Leaning on the white cliff, climbing the green osmanthus trees. The wild chant startles the forest, and the apes and birds peep at it. For fear of being scorned by the world, there will be no one to be around. " To the east of the thatched cottage, the mountains rise and fall, the rock roads between the cliffs and gullies are secluded, and there are few people. Bai Juyi often comes here to chant new poems.

The nine scenes are "pulling the curtain to see the snow". The combination of natural scenery and artificial images makes it a classic of Bai Juyi's Lushan thatched cottage garden.

The ten sceneries are "San ran Shu Tang". As the main part of garden architecture, thatched cottage presents the beauty of simplicity. "It's just wood with no red, it's just wall with no white.". The Shutang is Bai Juyi's reading room. The layout and furnishings are clear and plain. "There are four wooden collapses, two plain screens, one lacquered Qin, and three or two volumes of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism in the hall", reflecting Bai Juyi's simple literati feelings. "The story of the thatched cottage" says that "since happy days are coming, you can't afford to look up at the mountains, listen to the springs, stand by the bamboo trees, clouds and rocks, and have a good time. It is suitable for the external and the internal. One night is peaceful, and then one night is peaceful. After three nights, one feels dejected. I don't know what it is The name of Shutang comes from this. "Dispirited" means not being polite, and "Ta ran" means "Ta Ran is lost". Is it dispirited? Is it TA ran? Bai Juyi denied these two feelings, but he didn't know what they were. At this time, Bai Juyi's words were full and his meaning was infinite. I'm afraid that's what Tao Yuanming said at that time, "there's real meaning in it, and if you want to distinguish, you've forgotten it.".

Address: Huajing Park, Lushan scenic area, Jiujiang City

Longitude: 115.96853345665

Latitude: 29.563759874594

Ticket information: no ticket required. Included in the ticket of Lushan scenic spot.

Chinese PinYin : Bai Ju Yi Cao Tang